X-Git-Url: http://git.freeside.biz/gitweb/?a=blobdiff_plain;f=FS%2FFS%2FRecord.pm;h=caddc6f9140e101249a2d447655f055c19b5facb;hb=6262584c58bdc26ee7e7958e3a96483efe88500e;hp=3e3af524cf1c7174ec540023e3d4841c45907f39;hpb=fdbee9ee821385bfbd9578f940eeb8ca74cb9eff;p=freeside.git

diff --git a/FS/FS/Record.pm b/FS/FS/Record.pm
index 3e3af524c..7ec811752 100644
--- a/FS/FS/Record.pm
+++ b/FS/FS/Record.pm
@@ -1,22 +1,22 @@
 package FS::Record;
+use base qw( Exporter );
 
 use strict;
-use vars qw( $AUTOLOAD @ISA @EXPORT_OK $DEBUG
-             $conf $conf_encryption $me
-             %virtual_fields_cache
-             $nowarn_identical $nowarn_classload
-             $no_update_diff $no_check_foreign
+use vars qw( $AUTOLOAD
+             %virtual_fields_cache %fk_method_cache $fk_table_cache
+             $money_char $lat_lower $lon_upper
            );
-use Exporter;
 use Carp qw(carp cluck croak confess);
 use Scalar::Util qw( blessed );
+use File::Slurp qw( slurp );
 use File::CounterFile;
-use Locale::Country;
 use Text::CSV_XS;
-use File::Slurp qw( slurp );
 use DBI qw(:sql_types);
-use DBIx::DBSchema 0.33;
-use FS::UID qw(dbh getotaker datasrc driver_name);
+use DBIx::DBSchema 0.43; #0.43 for foreign keys
+use Locale::Country;
+use Locale::Currency;
+use NetAddr::IP; # for validation
+use FS::UID qw(dbh datasrc driver_name);
 use FS::CurrentUser;
 use FS::Schema qw(dbdef);
 use FS::SearchCache;
@@ -27,35 +27,64 @@ use FS::part_virtual_field;
 
 use Tie::IxHash;
 
-@ISA = qw(Exporter);
+our @encrypt_payby = qw( CARD DCRD CHEK DCHK );
 
 #export dbdef for now... everything else expects to find it here
-@EXPORT_OK = qw(dbh fields hfields qsearch qsearchs dbdef jsearch
-                str2time_sql str2time_sql_closing );
+our @EXPORT_OK = qw(
+  dbh fields hfields qsearch qsearchs dbdef jsearch
+  str2time_sql str2time_sql_closing regexp_sql not_regexp_sql
+  concat_sql group_concat_sql
+  midnight_sql fk_methods_init
+);
 
-$DEBUG = 0;
-$me = '[FS::Record]';
+our $DEBUG = 0;
+our $me = '[FS::Record]';
 
-$nowarn_identical = 0;
-$nowarn_classload = 0;
-$no_update_diff = 0;
-$no_check_foreign = 0;
+our $nowarn_identical = 0;
+our $nowarn_classload = 0;
+our $no_update_diff = 0;
+our $no_history = 0;
+
+our $qsearch_qualify_columns = 1;
+
+our $no_check_foreign = 1; #well, not inefficiently in perl by default anymore
 
 my $rsa_module;
 my $rsa_loaded;
 my $rsa_encrypt;
 my $rsa_decrypt;
 
-$conf = '';
-$conf_encryption = '';
+our $conf = '';
+our $conf_encryption = '';
+our $conf_encryptionmodule = '';
+our $conf_encryptionpublickey = '';
+our $conf_encryptionprivatekey = '';
 FS::UID->install_callback( sub {
+
   eval "use FS::Conf;";
   die $@ if $@;
   $conf = FS::Conf->new; 
-  $conf_encryption = $conf->exists('encryption');
+  $conf_encryption           = $conf->exists('encryption');
+  $conf_encryptionmodule     = $conf->config('encryptionmodule');
+  $conf_encryptionpublickey  = join("\n",$conf->config('encryptionpublickey'));
+  $conf_encryptionprivatekey = join("\n",$conf->config('encryptionprivatekey'));
+  $money_char = $conf->config('money_char') || '$';
+  my $nw_coords = $conf->exists('geocode-require_nw_coordinates');
+  $lat_lower = $nw_coords ? 1 : -90;
+  $lon_upper = $nw_coords ? -1 : 180;
+
   $File::CounterFile::DEFAULT_DIR = $conf->base_dir . "/counters.". datasrc;
-} );
 
+  if ( driver_name eq 'Pg' ) {
+    eval "use DBD::Pg ':pg_types'";
+    die $@ if $@;
+  } else {
+    eval "sub PG_BYTEA { die 'guru meditation #9: calling PG_BYTEA when not running Pg?'; }";
+  }
+
+  #fk_methods_init();
+
+} );
 
 =head1 NAME
 
@@ -102,6 +131,8 @@ FS::Record - Database record objects
     $error = $record->ut_floatn('column');
     $error = $record->ut_number('column');
     $error = $record->ut_numbern('column');
+    $error = $record->ut_decimal('column');
+    $error = $record->ut_decimaln('column');
     $error = $record->ut_snumber('column');
     $error = $record->ut_snumbern('column');
     $error = $record->ut_money('column');
@@ -168,6 +199,7 @@ sub new {
 
   $self->{'modified'} = 0;
 
+  $self->_simplecache($self->{'Hash'})  if $self->can('_simplecache');
   $self->_cache($self->{'Hash'}, shift) if $self->can('_cache') && @_;
 
   $self;
@@ -239,6 +271,9 @@ fine in the common case where there are only two parameters:
 
   my @records = qsearch( 'table', { 'field' => 'value' } );
 
+Also possible is an experimental LISTREF of PARAMS_HASHREFs for a UNION of
+the individual PARAMS_HASHREF queries
+
 ###oops, argh, FS::Record::new only lets us create database fields.
 #Normal behaviour if SELECT is not specified is `*', as in
 #C<SELECT * FROM table WHERE ...>.  However, there is an experimental new
@@ -252,8 +287,40 @@ fine in the common case where there are only two parameters:
 
 my %TYPE = (); #for debugging
 
+sub _bind_type {
+  my($type, $value) = @_;
+
+  my $bind_type = { TYPE => SQL_VARCHAR };
+
+  if ( $type =~ /(big)?(int|serial)/i && $value =~ /^-?\d+(\.\d+)?$/ ) {
+
+    $bind_type = { TYPE => SQL_INTEGER };
+
+  } elsif ( $type =~ /^bytea$/i || $type =~ /(blob|varbinary)/i ) {
+
+    if ( driver_name eq 'Pg' ) {
+      no strict 'subs';
+      $bind_type = { pg_type => PG_BYTEA };
+    #} else {
+    #  $bind_type = ? #SQL_VARCHAR could be fine?
+    }
+
+  #DBD::Pg 1.49: Cannot bind ... unknown sql_type 6 with SQL_FLOAT
+  #fixed by DBD::Pg 2.11.8
+  #can change back to SQL_FLOAT in early-mid 2010, once everyone's upgraded
+  #(make a Tron test first)
+  } elsif ( _is_fs_float( $type, $value ) ) {
+
+    $bind_type = { TYPE => SQL_DECIMAL };
+
+  }
+
+  $bind_type;
+
+}
+
 sub _is_fs_float {
-  my ($type, $value) = @_;
+  my($type, $value) = @_;
   if ( ( $type =~ /(numeric)/i && $value =~ /^[+-]?\d+(\.\d+)?$/ ) ||
        ( $type =~ /(real|float4)/i && $value =~ /[-+]?\d*\.?\d+([eE][-+]?\d+)?/)
      ) {
@@ -263,132 +330,166 @@ sub _is_fs_float {
 }
 
 sub qsearch {
-  my($stable, $record, $cache );
-  my( $select, $extra_sql, $extra_param, $order_by, $addl_from );
-  my $debug = '';
-  if ( ref($_[0]) ) { #hashref for now, eventually maybe accept a list too
+  my( @stable, @record, @cache );
+  my( @select, @extra_sql, @extra_param, @order_by, @addl_from );
+  my @debug = ();
+  my %union_options = ();
+  if ( ref($_[0]) eq 'ARRAY' ) {
+    my $optlist = shift;
+    %union_options = @_;
+    foreach my $href ( @$optlist ) {
+      push @stable,      ( $href->{'table'} or die "table name is required" );
+      push @record,      ( $href->{'hashref'}     || {} );
+      push @select,      ( $href->{'select'}      || '*' );
+      push @extra_sql,   ( $href->{'extra_sql'}   || '' );
+      push @extra_param, ( $href->{'extra_param'} || [] );
+      push @order_by,    ( $href->{'order_by'}    || '' );
+      push @cache,       ( $href->{'cache_obj'}   || '' );
+      push @addl_from,   ( $href->{'addl_from'}   || '' );
+      push @debug,       ( $href->{'debug'}       || '' );
+    }
+    die "at least one hashref is required" unless scalar(@stable);
+  } elsif ( ref($_[0]) eq 'HASH' ) {
     my $opt = shift;
-    $stable      = $opt->{'table'}       or die "table name is required";
-    $record      = $opt->{'hashref'}     || {};
-    $select      = $opt->{'select'}      || '*';
-    $extra_sql   = $opt->{'extra_sql'}   || '';
-    $extra_param = $opt->{'extra_param'} || [];
-    $order_by    = $opt->{'order_by'}    || '';
-    $cache       = $opt->{'cache_obj'}   || '';
-    $addl_from   = $opt->{'addl_from'}   || '';
-    $debug       = $opt->{'debug'}       || '';
+    $stable[0]      = $opt->{'table'}       or die "table name is required";
+    $record[0]      = $opt->{'hashref'}     || {};
+    $select[0]      = $opt->{'select'}      || '*';
+    $extra_sql[0]   = $opt->{'extra_sql'}   || '';
+    $extra_param[0] = $opt->{'extra_param'} || [];
+    $order_by[0]    = $opt->{'order_by'}    || '';
+    $cache[0]       = $opt->{'cache_obj'}   || '';
+    $addl_from[0]   = $opt->{'addl_from'}   || '';
+    $debug[0]       = $opt->{'debug'}       || '';
   } else {
-    ($stable, $record, $select, $extra_sql, $cache, $addl_from ) = @_;
-    $select ||= '*';
+    ( $stable[0],
+      $record[0],
+      $select[0],
+      $extra_sql[0],
+      $cache[0],
+      $addl_from[0]
+    ) = @_;
+    $select[0] ||= '*';
   }
+  my $cache = $cache[0];
 
-  #$stable =~ /^([\w\_]+)$/ or die "Illegal table: $table";
-  #for jsearch
-  $stable =~ /^([\w\s\(\)\.\,\=]+)$/ or die "Illegal table: $stable";
-  $stable = $1;
+  my @statement = ();
+  my @value = ();
+  my @bind_type = ();
   my $dbh = dbh;
+  foreach my $stable ( @stable ) {
+
+    carp '->qsearch on cust_main called' if $stable eq 'cust_main' && $DEBUG;
+
+    #stop altering the caller's hashref
+    my $record      = { %{ shift(@record) || {} } };#and be liberal in receipt
+    my $select      = shift @select;
+    my $extra_sql   = shift @extra_sql;
+    my $extra_param = shift @extra_param;
+    my $order_by    = shift @order_by;
+    my $cache       = shift @cache;
+    my $addl_from   = shift @addl_from;
+    my $debug       = shift @debug;
+
+    #$stable =~ /^([\w\_]+)$/ or die "Illegal table: $table";
+    #for jsearch
+    $stable =~ /^([\w\s\(\)\.\,\=]+)$/ or die "Illegal table: $stable";
+    $stable = $1;
+
+    my $table = $cache ? $cache->table : $stable;
+    my $dbdef_table = dbdef->table($table)
+      or die "No schema for table $table found - ".
+             "do you need to run freeside-upgrade?";
+    my $pkey = $dbdef_table->primary_key;
+
+    my @real_fields = grep exists($record->{$_}), real_fields($table);
+
+    my $statement .= "SELECT $select FROM $stable";
+    my $alias_main;
+    if ( $addl_from ) {
+      $statement .= " $addl_from";
+      # detect aliasing of the main table
+      if ( $addl_from =~ /^\s*AS\s+(\w+)/i ) {
+        $alias_main = $1;
+      }
+    }
+    if ( @real_fields ) {
+      $statement .= ' WHERE '. join(' AND ',
+        get_real_fields($table, $record, \@real_fields, $alias_main));
+    }
 
-  my $table = $cache ? $cache->table : $stable;
-  my $dbdef_table = dbdef->table($table)
-    or die "No schema for table $table found - ".
-           "do you need to run freeside-upgrade?";
-  my $pkey = $dbdef_table->primary_key;
-
-  my @real_fields = grep exists($record->{$_}), real_fields($table);
-  my @virtual_fields;
-  if ( eval 'scalar(@FS::'. $table. '::ISA);' ) {
-    @virtual_fields = grep exists($record->{$_}), "FS::$table"->virtual_fields;
-  } else {
-    cluck "warning: FS::$table not loaded; virtual fields not searchable"
-      unless $nowarn_classload;
-    @virtual_fields = ();
-  }
+    $statement .= " $extra_sql" if defined($extra_sql);
+    $statement .= " $order_by"  if defined($order_by);
 
-  my $statement = "SELECT $select FROM $stable";
-  $statement .= " $addl_from" if $addl_from;
-  if ( @real_fields or @virtual_fields ) {
-    $statement .= ' WHERE '. join(' AND ',
-      get_real_fields($table, $record, \@real_fields) ,
-      get_virtual_fields($table, $pkey, $record, \@virtual_fields),
-      );
-  }
+    push @statement, $statement;
 
-  $statement .= " $extra_sql" if defined($extra_sql);
-  $statement .= " $order_by"  if defined($order_by);
+    warn "[debug]$me $statement\n" if $DEBUG > 1 || $debug;
 
-  warn "[debug]$me $statement\n" if $DEBUG > 1 || $debug;
-  my $sth = $dbh->prepare($statement)
-    or croak "$dbh->errstr doing $statement";
+    foreach my $field (
+      grep defined( $record->{$_} ) && $record->{$_} ne '', @real_fields
+    ) {
 
-  my $bind = 1;
+      my $value = $record->{$field};
+      my $op = (ref($value) && $value->{op}) ? $value->{op} : '=';
+      $value = $value->{'value'} if ref($value);
+      my $type = dbdef->table($table)->column($field)->type;
 
-  foreach my $field (
-    grep defined( $record->{$_} ) && $record->{$_} ne '', @real_fields
-  ) {
+      my $bind_type = _bind_type($type, $value);
 
-    my $value = $record->{$field};
-    my $op = (ref($value) && $value->{op}) ? $value->{op} : '=';
-    $value = $value->{'value'} if ref($value);
-    my $type = dbdef->table($table)->column($field)->type;
+      #if ( $DEBUG > 2 ) {
+      #  no strict 'refs';
+      #  %TYPE = map { &{"DBI::$_"}() => $_ } @{ $DBI::EXPORT_TAGS{sql_types} }
+      #    unless keys %TYPE;
+      #  warn "  bind_param $bind (for field $field), $value, TYPE $TYPE{$TYPE}\n";
+      #}
 
-    my $TYPE = SQL_VARCHAR;
-    if ( $type =~ /(big)?(int|serial)/i && $value =~ /^\d+(\.\d+)?$/ ) {
-      $TYPE = SQL_INTEGER;
+      push @value, $value;
+      push @bind_type, $bind_type;
 
-    #DBD::Pg 1.49: Cannot bind ... unknown sql_type 6 with SQL_FLOAT
-    #fixed by DBD::Pg 2.11.8
-    #can change back to SQL_FLOAT in early-mid 2010, once everyone's upgraded
-    } elsif ( _is_fs_float( $type, $value ) ) {
-      $TYPE = SQL_DECIMAL;
     }
 
-    if ( $DEBUG > 2 ) {
-      no strict 'refs';
-      %TYPE = map { &{"DBI::$_"}() => $_ } @{ $DBI::EXPORT_TAGS{sql_types} }
-        unless keys %TYPE;
-      warn "  bind_param $bind (for field $field), $value, TYPE $TYPE{$TYPE}\n";
+    foreach my $param ( @$extra_param ) {
+      my $bind_type = { TYPE => SQL_VARCHAR };
+      my $value = $param;
+      if ( ref($param) ) {
+        $value = $param->[0];
+        my $type = $param->[1];
+        $bind_type = _bind_type($type, $value);
+      }
+      push @value, $value;
+      push @bind_type, $bind_type;
     }
+  }
 
-    #if this needs to be re-enabled, it needs to use a custom op like
-    #"APPROX=" or something (better name?, not '=', to avoid affecting other
-    # searches
-    #if ($TYPE eq SQL_DECIMAL && $op eq 'APPROX=' ) {
-    #  # these values are arbitrary; better (faster?) ones welcome
-    #  $sth->bind_param($bind++, $value*1.00001, { TYPE => $TYPE } );
-    #  $sth->bind_param($bind++, $value*.99999, { TYPE => $TYPE } );
-    #} else {
-      $sth->bind_param($bind++, $value, { TYPE => $TYPE } );
-    #}
+  my $statement = join( ' ) UNION ( ', @statement );
+  $statement = "( $statement )" if scalar(@statement) > 1;
+  $statement .= " $union_options{order_by}" if $union_options{order_by};
 
-  }
+  my $sth = $dbh->prepare($statement)
+    or croak "$dbh->errstr doing $statement";
 
-  foreach my $param ( @$extra_param ) {
-    my $TYPE = SQL_VARCHAR;
-    my $value = $param;
-    if ( ref($param) ) {
-      $value = $param->[0];
-      my $type = $param->[1];
-      if ( $type =~ /(big)?(int|serial)/i && $value =~ /^\d+(\.\d+)?$/ ) {
-        $TYPE = SQL_INTEGER;
-      } # & DECIMAL?  well, who cares for now
-    }
-    $sth->bind_param($bind++, $value, { TYPE => $TYPE } );
+  my $bind = 1;
+  foreach my $value ( @value ) {
+    my $bind_type = shift @bind_type;
+    $sth->bind_param($bind++, $value, $bind_type );
   }
 
 #  $sth->execute( map $record->{$_},
 #    grep defined( $record->{$_} ) && $record->{$_} ne '', @fields
 #  ) or croak "Error executing \"$statement\": ". $sth->errstr;
 
-  $sth->execute or croak "Error executing \"$statement\": ". $sth->errstr;
-
-  if ( eval 'scalar(@FS::'. $table. '::ISA);' ) {
-    @virtual_fields = "FS::$table"->virtual_fields;
-  } else {
-    cluck "warning: FS::$table not loaded; virtual fields not returned either"
-      unless $nowarn_classload;
-    @virtual_fields = ();
+  my $ok = $sth->execute;
+  if (!$ok) {
+    my $error = "Error executing \"$statement\"";
+    $error .= ' (' . join(', ', map {"'$_'"} @value) . ')' if @value;
+    $error .= ': '. $sth->errstr;
+    croak $error;
   }
 
+  my $table = $stable[0];
+  my $pkey = '';
+  $table = '' if grep { $_ ne $table } @stable;
+  $pkey = dbdef->table($table)->primary_key if $table;
+
   my %result;
   tie %result, "Tie::IxHash";
   my @stuff = @{ $sth->fetchall_arrayref( {} ) };
@@ -400,28 +501,8 @@ sub qsearch {
 
   $sth->finish;
 
-  if ( keys(%result) and @virtual_fields ) {
-    $statement =
-      "SELECT virtual_field.recnum, part_virtual_field.name, ".
-             "virtual_field.value ".
-      "FROM part_virtual_field JOIN virtual_field USING (vfieldpart) ".
-      "WHERE part_virtual_field.dbtable = '$table' AND ".
-      "virtual_field.recnum IN (".
-      join(',', keys(%result)). ") AND part_virtual_field.name IN ('".
-      join(q!', '!, @virtual_fields) . "')";
-    warn "[debug]$me $statement\n" if $DEBUG > 1;
-    $sth = $dbh->prepare($statement) or croak "$dbh->errstr doing $statement";
-    $sth->execute or croak "Error executing \"$statement\": ". $sth->errstr;
-
-    foreach (@{ $sth->fetchall_arrayref({}) }) {
-      my $recnum = $_->{recnum};
-      my $name = $_->{name};
-      my $value = $_->{value};
-      if (exists($result{$recnum})) {
-        $result{$recnum}->{$name} = $value;
-      }
-    }
-  }
+  #below was refactored out to _from_hashref, this should use it at some point
+
   my @return;
   if ( eval 'scalar(@FS::'. $table. '::ISA);' ) {
     if ( eval 'FS::'. $table. '->can(\'new\')' eq \&new ) {
@@ -445,10 +526,16 @@ sub qsearch {
 
     # Check for encrypted fields and decrypt them.
    ## only in the local copy, not the cached object
+    no warnings 'deprecated'; # XXX silence the warning for now
     if ( $conf_encryption 
-         && eval 'defined(@FS::'. $table . '::encrypted_fields)' ) {
+         && eval '@FS::'. $table . '::encrypted_fields' ) {
       foreach my $record (@return) {
         foreach my $field (eval '@FS::'. $table . '::encrypted_fields') {
+          next if $field eq 'payinfo' 
+                    && ($record->isa('FS::payinfo_transaction_Mixin') 
+                        || $record->isa('FS::payinfo_Mixin') )
+                    && $record->payby
+                    && !grep { $record->payby eq $_ } @encrypt_payby;
           # Set it directly... This may cause a problem in the future...
           $record->setfield($field, $record->decrypt($record->getfield($field)));
         }
@@ -464,114 +551,285 @@ sub qsearch {
   return @return;
 }
 
-## makes this easier to read
+=item _query
+
+Construct the SQL statement and parameter-binding list for qsearch.  Takes
+the qsearch parameters.
+
+Returns a hash containing:
+'table':      The primary table name (if there is one).
+'statement':  The SQL statement itself.
+'bind_type':  An arrayref of bind types.
+'value':      An arrayref of parameter values.
+'cache':      The cache object, if one was passed.
+
+=cut
+
+sub _query {
+  my( @stable, @record, @cache );
+  my( @select, @extra_sql, @extra_param, @order_by, @addl_from );
+  my @debug = ();
+  my $cursor = '';
+  my %union_options = ();
+  if ( ref($_[0]) eq 'ARRAY' ) {
+    my $optlist = shift;
+    %union_options = @_;
+    foreach my $href ( @$optlist ) {
+      push @stable,      ( $href->{'table'} or die "table name is required" );
+      push @record,      ( $href->{'hashref'}     || {} );
+      push @select,      ( $href->{'select'}      || '*' );
+      push @extra_sql,   ( $href->{'extra_sql'}   || '' );
+      push @extra_param, ( $href->{'extra_param'} || [] );
+      push @order_by,    ( $href->{'order_by'}    || '' );
+      push @cache,       ( $href->{'cache_obj'}   || '' );
+      push @addl_from,   ( $href->{'addl_from'}   || '' );
+      push @debug,       ( $href->{'debug'}       || '' );
+    }
+    die "at least one hashref is required" unless scalar(@stable);
+  } elsif ( ref($_[0]) eq 'HASH' ) {
+    my $opt = shift;
+    $stable[0]      = $opt->{'table'}       or die "table name is required";
+    $record[0]      = $opt->{'hashref'}     || {};
+    $select[0]      = $opt->{'select'}      || '*';
+    $extra_sql[0]   = $opt->{'extra_sql'}   || '';
+    $extra_param[0] = $opt->{'extra_param'} || [];
+    $order_by[0]    = $opt->{'order_by'}    || '';
+    $cache[0]       = $opt->{'cache_obj'}   || '';
+    $addl_from[0]   = $opt->{'addl_from'}   || '';
+    $debug[0]       = $opt->{'debug'}       || '';
+  } else {
+    ( $stable[0],
+      $record[0],
+      $select[0],
+      $extra_sql[0],
+      $cache[0],
+      $addl_from[0]
+    ) = @_;
+    $select[0] ||= '*';
+  }
+  my $cache = $cache[0];
+
+  my @statement = ();
+  my @value = ();
+  my @bind_type = ();
+
+  my $result_table = $stable[0];
+  foreach my $stable ( @stable ) {
+    #stop altering the caller's hashref
+    my $record      = { %{ shift(@record) || {} } };#and be liberal in receipt
+    my $select      = shift @select;
+    my $extra_sql   = shift @extra_sql;
+    my $extra_param = shift @extra_param;
+    my $order_by    = shift @order_by;
+    my $cache       = shift @cache;
+    my $addl_from   = shift @addl_from;
+    my $debug       = shift @debug;
+
+    #$stable =~ /^([\w\_]+)$/ or die "Illegal table: $table";
+    #for jsearch
+    $stable =~ /^([\w\s\(\)\.\,\=]+)$/ or die "Illegal table: $stable";
+    $stable = $1;
+
+    $result_table = '' if $result_table ne $stable;
+
+    my $table = $cache ? $cache->table : $stable;
+    my $dbdef_table = dbdef->table($table)
+      or die "No schema for table $table found - ".
+             "do you need to run freeside-upgrade?";
+    my $pkey = $dbdef_table->primary_key;
+
+    my @real_fields = grep exists($record->{$_}), real_fields($table);
+
+    my $statement .= "SELECT $select FROM $stable";
+    $statement .= " $addl_from" if $addl_from;
+    if ( @real_fields ) {
+      $statement .= ' WHERE '. join(' AND ',
+        get_real_fields($table, $record, \@real_fields));
+    }
 
-sub get_virtual_fields {
-   my $table = shift;
-   my $pkey = shift;
-   my $record = shift;
-   my $virtual_fields = shift;
-   
-   return
-    ( map {
-      my $op = '=';
-      my $column = $_;
-      if ( ref($record->{$_}) ) {
-        $op = $record->{$_}{'op'} if $record->{$_}{'op'};
-	if ( uc($op) eq 'ILIKE' ) {
-	  $op = 'LIKE';
-	  $record->{$_}{'value'} = lc($record->{$_}{'value'});
-	  $column = "LOWER($_)";
-	}
-	$record->{$_} = $record->{$_}{'value'};
-      }
+    $statement .= " $extra_sql" if defined($extra_sql);
+    $statement .= " $order_by"  if defined($order_by);
+
+    push @statement, $statement;
+
+    warn "[debug]$me $statement\n" if $DEBUG > 1 || $debug;
+ 
+
+    foreach my $field (
+      grep defined( $record->{$_} ) && $record->{$_} ne '', @real_fields
+    ) {
+
+      my $value = $record->{$field};
+      my $op = (ref($value) && $value->{op}) ? $value->{op} : '=';
+      $value = $value->{'value'} if ref($value);
+      my $type = dbdef->table($table)->column($field)->type;
 
-      # ... EXISTS ( SELECT name, value FROM part_virtual_field
-      #              JOIN virtual_field
-      #              ON part_virtual_field.vfieldpart = virtual_field.vfieldpart
-      #              WHERE recnum = svc_acct.svcnum
-      #              AND (name, value) = ('egad', 'brain') )
+      my $bind_type = _bind_type($type, $value);
 
-      my $value = $record->{$_};
+      #if ( $DEBUG > 2 ) {
+      #  no strict 'refs';
+      #  %TYPE = map { &{"DBI::$_"}() => $_ } @{ $DBI::EXPORT_TAGS{sql_types} }
+      #    unless keys %TYPE;
+      #  warn "  bind_param $bind (for field $field), $value, TYPE $TYPE{$TYPE}\n";
+      #}
 
-      my $subq;
+      push @value, $value;
+      push @bind_type, $bind_type;
 
-      $subq = ($value ? 'EXISTS ' : 'NOT EXISTS ') .
-      "( SELECT part_virtual_field.name, virtual_field.value ".
-      "FROM part_virtual_field JOIN virtual_field ".
-      "ON part_virtual_field.vfieldpart = virtual_field.vfieldpart ".
-      "WHERE virtual_field.recnum = ${table}.${pkey} ".
-      "AND part_virtual_field.name = '${column}'".
-      ($value ? 
-        " AND virtual_field.value ${op} '${value}'"
-      : "") . ")";
-      $subq;
+    }
+
+    foreach my $param ( @$extra_param ) {
+      my $bind_type = { TYPE => SQL_VARCHAR };
+      my $value = $param;
+      if ( ref($param) ) {
+        $value = $param->[0];
+        my $type = $param->[1];
+        $bind_type = _bind_type($type, $value);
+      }
+      push @value, $value;
+      push @bind_type, $bind_type;
+    }
+  }
+
+  my $statement = join( ' ) UNION ( ', @statement );
+  $statement = "( $statement )" if scalar(@statement) > 1;
+  $statement .= " $union_options{order_by}" if $union_options{order_by};
+
+  return {
+    statement => $statement,
+    bind_type => \@bind_type,
+    value     => \@value,
+    table     => $result_table,
+    cache     => $cache,
+  };
+}
+
+# qsearch should eventually use this
+sub _from_hashref {
+  my ($table, $cache, @hashrefs) = @_;
+  my @return;
+  # XXX get rid of these string evals at some point
+  # (when we have time to test it)
+  # my $class = "FS::$table" if $table;
+  # if ( $class and $class->isa('FS::Record') )
+  #   if ( $class->can('new') eq \&new )
+  #
+  if ( $table && eval 'scalar(@FS::'. $table. '::ISA);' ) {
+    if ( eval 'FS::'. $table. '->can(\'new\')' eq \&new ) {
+      #derivied class didn't override new method, so this optimization is safe
+      if ( $cache ) {
+        @return = map {
+          new_or_cached( "FS::$table", { %{$_} }, $cache )
+        } @hashrefs;
+      } else {
+        @return = map {
+          new( "FS::$table", { %{$_} } )
+        } @hashrefs;
+      }
+    } else {
+      #okay, its been tested
+      # warn "untested code (class FS::$table uses custom new method)";
+      @return = map {
+        eval 'FS::'. $table. '->new( { %{$_} } )';
+      } @hashrefs;
+    }
 
-    } @{ $virtual_fields } ) ;
+    # Check for encrypted fields and decrypt them.
+   ## only in the local copy, not the cached object
+    if ( $conf_encryption 
+         && eval '@FS::'. $table . '::encrypted_fields' ) {
+      foreach my $record (@return) {
+        foreach my $field (eval '@FS::'. $table . '::encrypted_fields') {
+          next if $field eq 'payinfo' 
+                    && ($record->isa('FS::payinfo_transaction_Mixin') 
+                        || $record->isa('FS::payinfo_Mixin') )
+                    && $record->payby
+                    && !grep { $record->payby eq $_ } @encrypt_payby;
+          # Set it directly... This may cause a problem in the future...
+          $record->setfield($field, $record->decrypt($record->getfield($field)));
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  } else {
+    cluck "warning: FS::$table not loaded; returning FS::Record objects"
+      unless $nowarn_classload;
+    @return = map {
+      FS::Record->new( $table, { %{$_} } );
+    } @hashrefs;
+  }
+  return @return;
 }
 
 sub get_real_fields {
   my $table = shift;
   my $record = shift;
   my $real_fields = shift;
+  my $alias_main = shift; # defaults to undef
+  $alias_main ||= $table;
 
-   ## this huge map was previously inline, just broke it out to help read the qsearch method, should be optimized for readability
-      return ( 
-      map {
+  ## could be optimized more for readability
+  return ( 
+    map {
 
       my $op = '=';
       my $column = $_;
+      my $table_column = $qsearch_qualify_columns ? "$alias_main.$column" : $column;
       my $type = dbdef->table($table)->column($column)->type;
       my $value = $record->{$column};
       $value = $value->{'value'} if ref($value);
-      if ( ref($record->{$_}) ) {
-        $op = $record->{$_}{'op'} if $record->{$_}{'op'};
+
+      if ( ref($record->{$column}) ) {
+        $op = $record->{$column}{'op'} if $record->{$column}{'op'};
         #$op = 'LIKE' if $op =~ /^ILIKE$/i && driver_name ne 'Pg';
         if ( uc($op) eq 'ILIKE' ) {
           $op = 'LIKE';
-          $record->{$_}{'value'} = lc($record->{$_}{'value'});
-          $column = "LOWER($_)";
+          $record->{$column}{'value'} = lc($record->{$column}{'value'});
+          $table_column = "LOWER($table_column)";
         }
-        $record->{$_} = $record->{$_}{'value'}
+        $record->{$column} = $record->{$column}{'value'}
       }
 
-      if ( ! defined( $record->{$_} ) || $record->{$_} eq '' ) {
+      if ( ! defined( $record->{$column} ) || $record->{$column} eq '' ) {
         if ( $op eq '=' ) {
           if ( driver_name eq 'Pg' ) {
             if ( $type =~ /(int|numeric|real|float4|(big)?serial)/i ) {
-              qq-( $column IS NULL )-;
+              qq-( $table_column IS NULL )-;
             } else {
-              qq-( $column IS NULL OR $column = '' )-;
+              qq-( $table_column IS NULL OR $table_column = '' )-;
             }
           } else {
-            qq-( $column IS NULL OR $column = "" )-;
+            qq-( $table_column IS NULL OR $table_column = "" )-;
           }
         } elsif ( $op eq '!=' ) {
           if ( driver_name eq 'Pg' ) {
             if ( $type =~ /(int|numeric|real|float4|(big)?serial)/i ) {
-              qq-( $column IS NOT NULL )-;
+              qq-( $table_column IS NOT NULL )-;
             } else {
-              qq-( $column IS NOT NULL AND $column != '' )-;
+              qq-( $table_column IS NOT NULL AND $table_column != '' )-;
             }
           } else {
-            qq-( $column IS NOT NULL AND $column != "" )-;
+            qq-( $table_column IS NOT NULL AND $table_column != "" )-;
           }
         } else {
           if ( driver_name eq 'Pg' ) {
-            qq-( $column $op '' )-;
+            qq-( $table_column $op '' )-;
           } else {
-            qq-( $column $op "" )-;
+            qq-( $table_column $op "" )-;
           }
         }
+      } elsif ( $op eq '!=' ) {
+        qq-( $table_column IS NULL OR $table_column != ? )-;
       #if this needs to be re-enabled, it needs to use a custom op like
       #"APPROX=" or something (better name?, not '=', to avoid affecting other
       # searches
       #} elsif ( $op eq 'APPROX=' && _is_fs_float( $type, $value ) ) {
-      #  ( "$column <= ?", "$column >= ?" );
+      #  ( "$table_column <= ?", "$table_column >= ?" );
       } else {
-        "$column $op ?";
+        "$table_column $op ?";
       }
-    } @{ $real_fields } );  
+
+    } @{ $real_fields }
+  );  
 }
 
 =item by_key PRIMARY_KEY_VALUE
@@ -635,6 +893,7 @@ sub qsearchs { # $result_record = &FS::Record:qsearchs('table',\%hash);
   my $table = $_[0];
   my(@result) = qsearch(@_);
   cluck "warning: Multiple records in scalar search ($table)"
+        #.join(' / ', map "$_=>".$_[1]->{$_}, keys %{ $_[1] } )
     if scalar(@result) > 1;
   #should warn more vehemently if the search was on a primary key?
   scalar(@result) ? ($result[0]) : ();
@@ -717,12 +976,28 @@ sub setfield {
   $self->set(@_);
 }
 
-=item AUTLOADED METHODS
+=item exists COLUMN
+
+Returns true if the column/field/key COLUMN exists.
+
+=cut
+
+sub exists {
+  my($self,$field) = @_;
+  exists($self->{Hash}->{$field});
+}
+
+=item AUTOLOADED METHODS
 
 $record->column is a synonym for $record->get('column');
 
 $record->column('value') is a synonym for $record->set('column','value');
 
+$record->foreign_table_name calls qsearchs and returns a single
+FS::foreign_table record (for tables referenced by a column of this table) or
+qsearch and returns an array of FS::foreign_table records (for tables
+referenced by a column in the foreign table).
+
 =cut
 
 # readable/safe
@@ -730,18 +1005,44 @@ sub AUTOLOAD {
   my($self,$value)=@_;
   my($field)=$AUTOLOAD;
   $field =~ s/.*://;
+
+  confess "errant AUTOLOAD $field for $self (arg $value)"
+    unless blessed($self) && $self->can('setfield');
+
+  if ( my $fk_info = get_fk_method($self->table, $field) ) {
+
+    my $method = $fk_info->{method} || 'qsearchs';
+    my $table = $fk_info->{table} || $field;
+    my $column = $fk_info->{column};
+    my $foreign_column = $fk_info->{references} || $column;
+
+    eval "use FS::$table";
+    die $@ if $@;
+
+    carp '->cust_main called' if $table eq 'cust_main' && $DEBUG;
+
+    my $pkey_value = $self->$column();
+    my %search = ( $foreign_column => $pkey_value );
+
+    # FS::Record->$method() ?  they're actually just subs :/
+    if ( $method eq 'qsearchs' ) { 
+      return $pkey_value ? qsearchs( $table, \%search ) : '';
+    } elsif ( $method eq 'qsearch' ) {
+      return $pkey_value ? qsearch(  $table, \%search ) : ();
+    } else {
+      die "unknown method $method";
+    }
+
+  }
+
   if ( defined($value) ) {
-    confess "errant AUTOLOAD $field for $self (arg $value)"
-      unless blessed($self) && $self->can('setfield');
     $self->setfield($field,$value);
   } else {
-    confess "errant AUTOLOAD $field for $self (no args)"
-      unless blessed($self) && $self->can('getfield');
     $self->getfield($field);
   }    
 }
 
-# efficient
+# efficient (also, old, doesn't support FK stuff)
 #sub AUTOLOAD {
 #  my $field = $AUTOLOAD;
 #  $field =~ s/.*://;
@@ -752,6 +1053,110 @@ sub AUTOLOAD {
 #  }    
 #}
 
+# get_fk_method(TABLE, FIELD)
+# Internal subroutine for fetching the foreign key descriptor for TABLE.FIELD
+# if there is one. If not, returns undef.
+# This will initialize fk_method_cache if it hasn't happened yet. It is the
+# _only_ allowed way to access the contents of %fk_method_cache.
+
+# if we wanted to be even more efficient we'd create the fk methods in the
+# symbol table instead of relying on AUTOLOAD every time
+
+sub get_fk_method {
+  my ($table, $field) = @_;
+
+  # maybe should only load one table at a time?
+  fk_methods_init() unless exists($fk_method_cache{$table});
+
+  if ( exists($fk_method_cache{$table}) and
+       exists($fk_method_cache{$table}{$field}) ) {
+    return $fk_method_cache{$table}{$field};
+  } else {
+    return undef;
+  }
+
+}
+
+sub fk_methods_init {
+  warn "[fk_methods_init]\n" if $DEBUG;
+  foreach my $table ( dbdef->tables ) {
+    $fk_method_cache{$table} = fk_methods($table);
+  }
+}
+
+sub fk_methods {
+  my $table = shift;
+
+  my %hash = ();
+
+  # foreign keys we reference in other tables
+  foreach my $fk (dbdef->table($table)->foreign_keys) {
+
+    my $method = '';
+    if ( scalar( @{$fk->columns} ) == 1 ) {
+      if (    ! defined($fk->references)
+           || ! @{$fk->references}
+           || $fk->columns->[0] eq $fk->references->[0]
+      ) {
+        $method = $fk->table;
+      } else {
+        #some sort of hint in the table.pm or schema for methods not named
+        # after their foreign table (well, not a whole lot different than
+        # just providing a small subroutine...)
+      }
+
+      if ( $method ) {
+        $hash{$method} = { #fk_info
+                           'method' => 'qsearchs',
+                           'column' => $fk->columns->[0],
+                           #'references' => $fk->references->[0],
+                         };
+      }
+
+    }
+
+  }
+
+  # foreign keys referenced in other tables to us
+  #  (alas.  why we're cached.  still, might this loop better be done once at
+  #   schema load time insetad of every time we AUTOLOAD a method on a new
+  #   class?)
+  if (! defined $fk_table_cache) {
+    foreach my $f_table ( dbdef->tables ) {
+      foreach my $fk (dbdef->table($f_table)->foreign_keys) {
+        push @{$fk_table_cache->{$fk->table}},[$f_table,$fk];
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  foreach my $fks (@{$fk_table_cache->{$table}}) {
+      my ($f_table,$fk) = @$fks;
+      my $method = '';
+      if ( scalar( @{$fk->columns} ) == 1 ) {
+        if (    ! defined($fk->references)
+             || ! @{$fk->references}
+             || $fk->columns->[0] eq $fk->references->[0]
+        ) {
+          $method = $f_table;
+        } else {
+          #some sort of hint in the table.pm or schema for methods not named
+          # after their foreign table (well, not a whole lot different than
+          # just providing a small subroutine...)
+        }
+
+        if ( $method ) {
+          $hash{$method} = { #fk_info
+                             'method' => 'qsearch',
+                             'column' => $fk->columns->[0], #references||column
+                             #'references' => $fk->column->[0],
+                           };
+        }
+
+      }
+  }
+
+  \%hash;
+}
+
 =item hash
 
 Returns a list of the column/value pairs, usually for assigning to a new hash.
@@ -782,6 +1187,27 @@ sub hashref {
   $self->{'Hash'};
 }
 
+#fallbacks/generics
+
+sub API_getinfo {
+  my $self = shift;
+  +{ ( map { $_=>$self->$_ } $self->fields ),
+   };
+}
+
+sub API_insert {
+  my( $class, %opt ) = @_;
+  my $table = $class->table;
+  my $self = $class->new( { map { $_ => $opt{$_} } fields($table) } );
+  my $error = $self->insert;
+  return +{ 'error' => $error } if $error;
+  my $pkey = $self->pkey;
+  return +{ 'error'       => '',
+            'primary_key' => $pkey,
+            $pkey         => $self->$pkey,
+          };
+}
+
 =item modified
 
 Returns true if any of this object's values have been modified with set (or via
@@ -873,10 +1299,12 @@ sub insert {
   my $error = $self->check;
   return $error if $error;
 
-  #single-field unique keys are given a value if false
+  #single-field non-null unique keys are given a value if empty
   #(like MySQL's AUTO_INCREMENT or Pg SERIAL)
   foreach ( $self->dbdef_table->unique_singles) {
-    $self->unique($_) unless $self->getfield($_);
+    next if $self->getfield($_);
+    next if $self->dbdef_table->column($_)->null eq 'NULL';
+    $self->unique($_);
   }
 
   #and also the primary key, if the database isn't going to
@@ -884,12 +1312,12 @@ sub insert {
   my $db_seq = 0;
   if ( $primary_key ) {
     my $col = $self->dbdef_table->column($primary_key);
-    
+
     $db_seq =
       uc($col->type) =~ /^(BIG)?SERIAL\d?/
       || ( driver_name eq 'Pg'
              && defined($col->default)
-             && $col->default =~ /^nextval\(/i
+             && $col->quoted_default =~ /^nextval\(/i
          )
       || ( driver_name eq 'mysql'
              && defined($col->local)
@@ -901,12 +1329,16 @@ sub insert {
   my $table = $self->table;
   
   # Encrypt before the database
-  if (    defined(eval '@FS::'. $table . '::encrypted_fields')
-       && scalar( eval '@FS::'. $table . '::encrypted_fields')
-       && $conf->exists('encryption')
+  if (    scalar( eval '@FS::'. $table . '::encrypted_fields')
+       && $conf_encryption
   ) {
     foreach my $field (eval '@FS::'. $table . '::encrypted_fields') {
-      $self->{'saved'} = $self->getfield($field);
+      next if $field eq 'payinfo' 
+                && ($self->isa('FS::payinfo_transaction_Mixin') 
+                    || $self->isa('FS::payinfo_Mixin') )
+                && $self->payby
+                && !grep { $self->payby eq $_ } @encrypt_payby;
+      $saved->{$field} = $self->getfield($field);
       $self->setfield($field, $self->encrypt($self->getfield($field)));
     }
   }
@@ -954,7 +1386,7 @@ sub insert {
       #my $oid = $sth->{'pg_oid_status'};
       #my $i_sql = "SELECT $primary_key FROM $table WHERE oid = ?";
 
-      my $default = $self->dbdef_table->column($primary_key)->default;
+      my $default = $self->dbdef_table->column($primary_key)->quoted_default;
       unless ( $default =~ /^nextval\(\(?'"?([\w\.]+)"?'/i ) {
         dbh->rollback if $FS::UID::AutoCommit;
         return "can't parse $table.$primary_key default value".
@@ -1004,36 +1436,8 @@ sub insert {
 
   }
 
-  my @virtual_fields = 
-      grep defined($self->getfield($_)) && $self->getfield($_) ne "",
-          $self->virtual_fields;
-  if (@virtual_fields) {
-    my %v_values = map { $_, $self->getfield($_) } @virtual_fields;
-
-    my $vfieldpart = $self->vfieldpart_hashref;
-
-    my $v_statement = "INSERT INTO virtual_field(recnum, vfieldpart, value) ".
-                    "VALUES (?, ?, ?)";
-
-    my $v_sth = dbh->prepare($v_statement) or do {
-      dbh->rollback if $FS::UID::AutoCommit;
-      return dbh->errstr;
-    };
-
-    foreach (keys(%v_values)) {
-      $v_sth->execute($self->getfield($primary_key),
-                      $vfieldpart->{$_},
-                      $v_values{$_})
-      or do {
-        dbh->rollback if $FS::UID::AutoCommit;
-        return $v_sth->errstr;
-      };
-    }
-  }
-
-
   my $h_sth;
-  if ( defined dbdef->table('h_'. $table) ) {
+  if ( defined( dbdef->table('h_'. $table) ) && ! $no_history ) {
     my $h_statement = $self->_h_statement('insert');
     warn "[debug]$me $h_statement\n" if $DEBUG > 2;
     $h_sth = dbh->prepare($h_statement) or do {
@@ -1103,17 +1507,6 @@ sub delete {
   }
 
   my $primary_key = $self->dbdef_table->primary_key;
-  my $v_sth;
-  my @del_vfields;
-  my $vfp = $self->vfieldpart_hashref;
-  foreach($self->virtual_fields) {
-    next if $self->getfield($_) eq '';
-    unless(@del_vfields) {
-      my $st = "DELETE FROM virtual_field WHERE recnum = ? AND vfieldpart = ?";
-      $v_sth = dbh->prepare($st) or return dbh->errstr;
-    }
-    push @del_vfields, $_;
-  }
 
   local $SIG{HUP} = 'IGNORE';
   local $SIG{INT} = 'IGNORE';
@@ -1125,9 +1518,6 @@ sub delete {
   my $rc = $sth->execute or return $sth->errstr;
   #not portable #return "Record not found, statement:\n$statement" if $rc eq "0E0";
   $h_sth->execute or return $h_sth->errstr if $h_sth;
-  $v_sth->execute($self->getfield($primary_key), $vfp->{$_}) 
-    or return $v_sth->errstr 
-        foreach (@del_vfields);
   
   dbh->commit or croak dbh->errstr if $FS::UID::AutoCommit;
 
@@ -1181,8 +1571,15 @@ sub replace {
   
   # Encrypt for replace
   my $saved = {};
-  if ($conf->exists('encryption') && defined(eval '@FS::'. $new->table . '::encrypted_fields')) {
+  if (    scalar( eval '@FS::'. $new->table . '::encrypted_fields')
+       && $conf_encryption
+  ) {
     foreach my $field (eval '@FS::'. $new->table . '::encrypted_fields') {
+      next if $field eq 'payinfo' 
+                && ($new->isa('FS::payinfo_transaction_Mixin') 
+                    || $new->isa('FS::payinfo_Mixin') )
+                && $new->payby
+                && !grep { $new->payby eq $_ } @encrypt_payby;
       $saved->{$field} = $new->getfield($field);
       $new->setfield($field, $new->encrypt($new->getfield($field)));
     }
@@ -1193,7 +1590,9 @@ sub replace {
                    ? ($_, $new->getfield($_)) : () } $old->fields;
                    
   unless (keys(%diff) || $no_update_diff ) {
-    carp "[warning]$me $new -> replace $old: records identical"
+    carp "[warning]$me ". ref($new)."->replace ".
+           ( $primary_key ? "$primary_key ".$new->get($primary_key) : '' ).
+         ": records identical"
       unless $nowarn_identical;
     return '';
   }
@@ -1248,44 +1647,6 @@ sub replace {
     $h_new_sth = '';
   }
 
-  # For virtual fields we have three cases with different SQL 
-  # statements: add, replace, delete
-  my $v_add_sth;
-  my $v_rep_sth;
-  my $v_del_sth;
-  my (@add_vfields, @rep_vfields, @del_vfields);
-  my $vfp = $old->vfieldpart_hashref;
-  foreach(grep { exists($diff{$_}) } $new->virtual_fields) {
-    if($diff{$_} eq '') {
-      # Delete
-      unless(@del_vfields) {
-        my $st = "DELETE FROM virtual_field WHERE recnum = ? ".
-                 "AND vfieldpart = ?";
-        warn "[debug]$me $st\n" if $DEBUG > 2;
-        $v_del_sth = dbh->prepare($st) or return dbh->errstr;
-      }
-      push @del_vfields, $_;
-    } elsif($old->getfield($_) eq '') {
-      # Add
-      unless(@add_vfields) {
-        my $st = "INSERT INTO virtual_field (value, recnum, vfieldpart) ".
-	         "VALUES (?, ?, ?)";
-        warn "[debug]$me $st\n" if $DEBUG > 2;
-        $v_add_sth = dbh->prepare($st) or return dbh->errstr;
-      }
-      push @add_vfields, $_;
-    } else {
-      # Replace
-      unless(@rep_vfields) {
-        my $st = "UPDATE virtual_field SET value = ? ".
-                 "WHERE recnum = ? AND vfieldpart = ?";
-        warn "[debug]$me $st\n" if $DEBUG > 2;
-        $v_rep_sth = dbh->prepare($st) or return dbh->errstr;
-      }
-      push @rep_vfields, $_;
-    }
-  }
-
   local $SIG{HUP} = 'IGNORE';
   local $SIG{INT} = 'IGNORE';
   local $SIG{QUIT} = 'IGNORE'; 
@@ -1298,23 +1659,6 @@ sub replace {
   $h_old_sth->execute or return $h_old_sth->errstr if $h_old_sth;
   $h_new_sth->execute or return $h_new_sth->errstr if $h_new_sth;
 
-  $v_del_sth->execute($old->getfield($primary_key),
-                      $vfp->{$_})
-        or return $v_del_sth->errstr
-      foreach(@del_vfields);
-
-  $v_add_sth->execute($new->getfield($_),
-                      $old->getfield($primary_key),
-                      $vfp->{$_})
-        or return $v_add_sth->errstr
-      foreach(@add_vfields);
-
-  $v_rep_sth->execute($new->getfield($_),
-                      $old->getfield($primary_key),
-                      $vfp->{$_})
-        or return $v_rep_sth->errstr
-      foreach(@rep_vfields);
-
   dbh->commit or croak dbh->errstr if $FS::UID::AutoCommit;
 
   # Now that it has been saved, reset the encrypted fields so that $new 
@@ -1356,35 +1700,49 @@ sub rep {
 
 =item check
 
-Checks virtual fields (using check_blocks).  Subclasses should still provide 
-a check method to validate real fields, foreign keys, etc., and call this 
-method via $self->SUPER::check.
+Checks custom fields. Subclasses should still provide a check method to validate
+non-custom fields, etc., and call this method via $self->SUPER::check.
+
+=cut
+
+sub check { 
+    my $self = shift;
+    foreach my $field ($self->virtual_fields) {
+        my $error = $self->ut_textn($field);
+        return $error if $error;
+    }
+    '';
+}
+
+=item virtual_fields [ TABLE ]
 
-(FIXME: Should this method try to make sure that it I<is> being called from 
-a subclass's check method, to keep the current semantics as far as possible?)
+Returns a list of virtual fields defined for the table.  This should not 
+be exported, and should only be called as an instance or class method.
 
 =cut
 
-sub check {
-  #confess "FS::Record::check not implemented; supply one in subclass!";
+sub virtual_fields {
   my $self = shift;
+  my $table;
+  $table = $self->table or confess "virtual_fields called on non-table";
 
-  foreach my $field ($self->virtual_fields) {
-    for ($self->getfield($field)) {
-      # See notes on check_block in FS::part_virtual_field.
-      eval $self->pvf($field)->check_block;
-      if ( $@ ) {
-        #this is bad, probably want to follow the stack backtrace up and see
-        #wtf happened
-        my $err = "Fatal error checking $field for $self";
-        cluck "$err: $@";
-        return "$err (see log for backtrace): $@";
+  confess "Unknown table $table" unless dbdef->table($table);
 
-      }
-      $self->setfield($field, $_);
-    }
+  return () unless dbdef->table('part_virtual_field');
+
+  unless ( $virtual_fields_cache{$table} ) {
+    my $concat = [ "'cf_'", "name" ];
+    my $query = "SELECT ".concat_sql($concat).' from part_virtual_field ' .
+                "WHERE dbtable = '$table'";
+    my $dbh = dbh;
+    my $result = $dbh->selectcol_arrayref($query);
+    confess "Error executing virtual fields query: $query: ". $dbh->errstr
+      if $dbh->err;
+    $virtual_fields_cache{$table} = $result;
   }
-  '';
+
+  @{$virtual_fields_cache{$table}};
+
 }
 
 =item process_batch_import JOB OPTIONS_HASHREF PARAMS
@@ -1403,7 +1761,7 @@ Table name (required).
 
 =item params
 
-Listref of field names for static fields.  They will be given values from the
+Arrayref of field names for static fields.  They will be given values from the
 PARAMS hashref and passed as a "params" hashref to batch_import.
 
 =item formats
@@ -1452,24 +1810,21 @@ format_types).
 
 =back
 
-PARAMS is a base64-encoded Storable string containing the POSTed data as
-a hash ref.  It normally contains at least one field, "uploaded files",
-generated by /elements/file-upload.html and containing the list of uploaded
-files.  Currently only supports a single file named "file".
+PARAMS is a hashref (or base64-encoded Storable hashref) containing the 
+POSTed data.  It must contain the field "uploaded files", generated by 
+/elements/file-upload.html and containing the list of uploaded files.
+Currently only supports a single file named "file".
 
 =cut
 
-use Storable qw(thaw);
 use Data::Dumper;
-use MIME::Base64;
 sub process_batch_import {
-  my($job, $opt) = ( shift, shift );
+  my($job, $opt, $param) = @_;
 
   my $table = $opt->{table};
-  my @pass_params = @{ $opt->{params} };
+  my @pass_params = $opt->{params} ? @{ $opt->{params} } : ();
   my %formats = %{ $opt->{formats} };
 
-  my $param = thaw(decode_base64(shift));
   warn Dumper($param) if $DEBUG;
   
   my $files = $param->{'uploaded_files'}
@@ -1480,24 +1835,37 @@ sub process_batch_import {
   my $dir = '%%%FREESIDE_CACHE%%%/cache.'. $FS::UID::datasrc. '/';
   my $file = $dir. $files{'file'};
 
-  my $error =
-    FS::Record::batch_import( {
-      #class-static
-      table                      => $table,
-      formats                    => \%formats,
-      format_types               => $opt->{format_types},
-      format_headers             => $opt->{format_headers},
-      format_sep_chars           => $opt->{format_sep_chars},
-      format_fixedlength_formats => $opt->{format_fixedlength_formats},
-      #per-import
-      job                        => $job,
-      file                       => $file,
-      #type                       => $type,
-      format                     => $param->{format},
-      params                     => { map { $_ => $param->{$_} } @pass_params },
-      #?
-      default_csv                => $opt->{default_csv},
-    } );
+  my %iopt = (
+    #class-static
+    table                      => $table,
+    formats                    => \%formats,
+    format_types               => $opt->{format_types},
+    format_headers             => $opt->{format_headers},
+    format_sep_chars           => $opt->{format_sep_chars},
+    format_fixedlength_formats => $opt->{format_fixedlength_formats},
+    format_xml_formats         => $opt->{format_xml_formats},
+    format_asn_formats         => $opt->{format_asn_formats},
+    format_row_callbacks       => $opt->{format_row_callbacks},
+    format_hash_callbacks      => $opt->{format_hash_callbacks},
+    #per-import
+    job                        => $job,
+    file                       => $file,
+    #type                       => $type,
+    format                     => $param->{format},
+    params                     => { map { $_ => $param->{$_} } @pass_params },
+    #?
+    default_csv                => $opt->{default_csv},
+    preinsert_callback         => $opt->{preinsert_callback},
+    postinsert_callback        => $opt->{postinsert_callback},
+    insert_args_callback       => $opt->{insert_args_callback},
+  );
+
+  if ( $opt->{'batch_namecol'} ) {
+    $iopt{'batch_namevalue'} = $param->{ $opt->{'batch_namecol'} };
+    $iopt{$_} = $opt->{$_} foreach qw( batch_keycol batch_table batch_namecol );
+  }
+
+  my $error = FS::Record::batch_import( \%iopt );
 
   unlink $file;
 
@@ -1512,6 +1880,8 @@ Class method for batch imports.  Available params:
 
 =item table
 
+=item format - usual way to specify import, with this format string selecting data from the formats and format_* info hashes
+
 =item formats
 
 =item format_types
@@ -1522,6 +1892,16 @@ Class method for batch imports.  Available params:
 
 =item format_fixedlength_formats
 
+=item format_row_callbacks
+
+=item format_hash_callbacks - After parsing, before object creation
+
+=item fields - Alternate way to specify import, specifying import fields directly as a listref
+
+=item preinsert_callback
+
+=item postinsert_callback
+
 =item params
 
 =item job
@@ -1532,9 +1912,7 @@ FS::queue object, will be updated with progress
 
 =item type
 
-csv, xls or fixedlength
-
-=item format
+csv, xls, fixedlength, xml
 
 =item empty_ok
 
@@ -1542,6 +1920,7 @@ csv, xls or fixedlength
 
 =cut
 
+use Data::Dumper;
 sub batch_import {
   my $param = shift;
 
@@ -1549,18 +1928,94 @@ sub batch_import {
     if $DEBUG;
 
   my $table   = $param->{table};
-  my $formats = $param->{formats};
 
   my $job     = $param->{job};
   my $file    = $param->{file};
-  my $format  = $param->{'format'};
   my $params  = $param->{params} || {};
 
-  die "unknown format $format" unless exists $formats->{ $format };
+  my $custnum_prefix = $conf->config('cust_main-custnum-display_prefix');
+  my $custnum_length = $conf->config('cust_main-custnum-display_length') || 8;
+
+  my( $type, $header, $sep_char,
+      $fixedlength_format, $xml_format, $asn_format,
+      $parser_opt, $row_callback, $hash_callback, @fields );
+
+  my $postinsert_callback = '';
+  $postinsert_callback = $param->{'postinsert_callback'}
+	  if $param->{'postinsert_callback'};
+  my $preinsert_callback = '';
+  $preinsert_callback = $param->{'preinsert_callback'}
+	  if $param->{'preinsert_callback'};
+  my $insert_args_callback = '';
+  $insert_args_callback = $param->{'insert_args_callback'}
+	  if $param->{'insert_args_callback'};
+
+  if ( $param->{'format'} ) {
+
+    my $format  = $param->{'format'};
+    my $formats = $param->{formats};
+    die "unknown format $format" unless exists $formats->{ $format };
+
+    $type = $param->{'format_types'}
+            ? $param->{'format_types'}{ $format }
+            : $param->{type} || 'csv';
+
+
+    $header = $param->{'format_headers'}
+               ? $param->{'format_headers'}{ $param->{'format'} }
+               : 0;
+
+    $sep_char = $param->{'format_sep_chars'}
+                  ? $param->{'format_sep_chars'}{ $param->{'format'} }
+                  : ',';
+
+    $fixedlength_format =
+      $param->{'format_fixedlength_formats'}
+        ? $param->{'format_fixedlength_formats'}{ $param->{'format'} }
+        : '';
+
+    $parser_opt =
+      $param->{'format_parser_opts'}
+        ? $param->{'format_parser_opts'}{ $param->{'format'} }
+        : {};
+
+    $xml_format =
+      $param->{'format_xml_formats'}
+        ? $param->{'format_xml_formats'}{ $param->{'format'} }
+        : '';
+
+    $asn_format =
+      $param->{'format_asn_formats'}
+        ? $param->{'format_asn_formats'}{ $param->{'format'} }
+        : '';
+
+    $row_callback =
+      $param->{'format_row_callbacks'}
+        ? $param->{'format_row_callbacks'}{ $param->{'format'} }
+        : '';
+
+    $hash_callback =
+      $param->{'format_hash_callbacks'}
+        ? $param->{'format_hash_callbacks'}{ $param->{'format'} }
+        : '';
+
+    @fields = @{ $formats->{ $format } };
+
+  } elsif ( $param->{'fields'} ) {
+
+    $type = ''; #infer from filename
+    $header = 0;
+    $sep_char = ',';
+    $fixedlength_format = '';
+    $row_callback = '';
+    $hash_callback = '';
+    @fields = @{ $param->{'fields'} };
 
-  my $type = $param->{'format_types'}
-             ? $param->{'format_types'}{ $format }
-             : $param->{type} || 'csv';
+  } else {
+    die "neither format nor fields specified";
+  }
+
+  #my $file    = $param->{file};
 
   unless ( $type ) {
     if ( $file =~ /\.(\w+)$/i ) {
@@ -1574,39 +2029,26 @@ sub batch_import {
       if $param->{'default_csv'} && $type ne 'xls';
   }
 
-  my $header = $param->{'format_headers'}
-                 ? $param->{'format_headers'}{ $param->{'format'} }
-                 : 0;
-
-  my $sep_char = $param->{'format_sep_chars'}
-                   ? $param->{'format_sep_chars'}{ $param->{'format'} }
-                   : ',';
-
-  my $fixedlength_format =
-    $param->{'format_fixedlength_formats'}
-      ? $param->{'format_fixedlength_formats'}{ $param->{'format'} }
-      : '';
-
-  my @fields = @{ $formats->{ $format } };
 
   my $row = 0;
   my $count;
   my $parser;
   my @buffer = ();
+  my $asn_header_buffer;
   if ( $type eq 'csv' || $type eq 'fixedlength' ) {
 
     if ( $type eq 'csv' ) {
 
-      my %attr = ();
-      $attr{sep_char} = $sep_char if $sep_char;
-      $parser = new Text::CSV_XS \%attr;
+      $parser_opt->{'binary'} = 1;
+      $parser_opt->{'sep_char'} = $sep_char if $sep_char;
+      $parser = Text::CSV_XS->new($parser_opt);
 
     } elsif ( $type eq 'fixedlength' ) {
 
       eval "use Parse::FixedLength;";
       die $@ if $@;
-      $parser = new Parse::FixedLength $fixedlength_format;
- 
+      $parser = Parse::FixedLength->new($fixedlength_format, $parser_opt);
+
     } else {
       die "Unknown file type $type\n";
     }
@@ -1634,6 +2076,43 @@ sub batch_import {
 
     $row = $header || 0;
 
+  } elsif ( $type eq 'xml' ) {
+
+    # FS::pay_batch
+    eval "use XML::Simple;";
+    die $@ if $@;
+    my $xmlrow = $xml_format->{'xmlrow'};
+    $parser = $xml_format->{'xmlkeys'};
+    die 'no xmlkeys specified' unless ref $parser eq 'ARRAY';
+    my $data = XML::Simple::XMLin(
+      $file,
+      'SuppressEmpty' => '', #sets empty values to ''
+      'KeepRoot'      => 1,
+    );
+    my $rows = $data;
+    $rows = $rows->{$_} foreach @$xmlrow;
+    $rows = [ $rows ] if ref($rows) ne 'ARRAY';
+    $count = @buffer = @$rows;
+
+  } elsif ( $type eq 'asn.1' ) {
+
+    eval "use Convert::ASN1";
+    die $@ if $@;
+
+    my $asn = Convert::ASN1->new;
+    $asn->prepare( $asn_format->{'spec'} ) or die $asn->error;
+
+    $parser = $asn->find( $asn_format->{'macro'} ) or die $asn->error;
+
+    my $data = slurp($file);
+    my $asn_output = $parser->decode( $data )
+      or return "No ". $asn_format->{'macro'}. " found\n";
+
+    $asn_header_buffer = &{ $asn_format->{'header_buffer'} }( $asn_output );
+
+    my $rows = &{ $asn_format->{'arrayref'} }( $asn_output );
+    $count = @buffer = @$rows;
+
   } else {
     die "Unknown file type $type\n";
   }
@@ -1650,26 +2129,57 @@ sub batch_import {
   my $oldAutoCommit = $FS::UID::AutoCommit;
   local $FS::UID::AutoCommit = 0;
   my $dbh = dbh;
-  
+
+  #my $params  = $param->{params} || {};
+  if ( $param->{'batch_namecol'} && $param->{'batch_namevalue'} ) {
+    my $batch_col   = $param->{'batch_keycol'};
+
+    my $batch_class = 'FS::'. $param->{'batch_table'};
+    my $batch = $batch_class->new({
+      $param->{'batch_namecol'} => $param->{'batch_namevalue'}
+    });
+    my $error = $batch->insert;
+    if ( $error ) {
+      $dbh->rollback if $oldAutoCommit;
+      return "can't insert batch record: $error";
+    }
+    #primary key via dbdef? (so the column names don't have to match)
+    my $batch_value = $batch->get( $param->{'batch_keycol'} );
+
+    $params->{ $batch_col } = $batch_value;
+  }
+
+  #my $job     = $param->{job};
   my $line;
   my $imported = 0;
+  my $unique_skip = 0; #lines skipped because they're already in the system
   my( $last, $min_sec ) = ( time, 5 ); #progressbar foo
   while (1) {
 
     my @columns = ();
+    my %hash = %$params;
     if ( $type eq 'csv' ) {
 
       last unless scalar(@buffer);
       $line = shift(@buffer);
 
+      next if $line =~ /^\s*$/; #skip empty lines
+
+      $line = &{$row_callback}($line) if $row_callback;
+      
+      next if $line =~ /^\s*$/; #skip empty lines
+
       $parser->parse($line) or do {
         $dbh->rollback if $oldAutoCommit;
-        return "can't parse: ". $parser->error_input();
+        return "can't parse: ". $parser->error_input() . " " . $parser->error_diag;
       };
       @columns = $parser->fields();
 
     } elsif ( $type eq 'fixedlength' ) {
 
+      last unless scalar(@buffer);
+      $line = shift(@buffer);
+
       @columns = $parser->parse($line);
 
     } elsif ( $type eq 'xls' ) {
@@ -1683,12 +2193,28 @@ sub batch_import {
       #my $z = 'A';
       #warn $z++. ": $_\n" for @columns;
 
+    } elsif ( $type eq 'xml' ) {
+
+      # $parser = [ 'Column0Key', 'Column1Key' ... ]
+      last unless scalar(@buffer);
+      my $row = shift @buffer;
+      @columns = @{ $row }{ @$parser };
+
+    } elsif ( $type eq 'asn.1' ) {
+
+      last unless scalar(@buffer);
+      my $row = shift @buffer;
+      &{ $asn_format->{row_callback} }( $row, $asn_header_buffer )
+        if $asn_format->{row_callback};
+      foreach my $key ( keys %{ $asn_format->{map} } ) {
+        $hash{$key} = &{ $asn_format->{map}{$key} }( $row, $asn_header_buffer );
+      }
+
     } else {
       die "Unknown file type $type\n";
     }
 
     my @later = ();
-    my %hash = %$params;
 
     foreach my $field ( @fields ) {
 
@@ -1704,6 +2230,14 @@ sub batch_import {
 
     }
 
+    if ( $custnum_prefix && $hash{custnum} =~ /^$custnum_prefix(0*([1-9]\d*))$/
+                         && length($1) == $custnum_length ) {
+      $hash{custnum} = $2;
+    }
+
+    %hash = &{$hash_callback}(%hash) if $hash_callback;
+
+    #my $table   = $param->{table};
     my $class = "FS::$table";
 
     my $record = $class->new( \%hash );
@@ -1712,12 +2246,34 @@ sub batch_import {
     while ( scalar(@later) ) {
       my $sub = shift @later;
       my $data = shift @later;
-      &{$sub}($record, $data, $conf, $param); # $record->&{$sub}($data, $conf);
+      eval {
+        &{$sub}($record, $data, $conf, $param); # $record->&{$sub}($data, $conf)
+      };
+      if ( $@ ) {
+        $dbh->rollback if $oldAutoCommit;
+        return "can't insert record". ( $line ? " for $line" : '' ). ": $@";
+      }
       last if exists( $param->{skiprow} );
     }
+    $unique_skip++ if $param->{unique_skip}; #line is already in the system
     next if exists( $param->{skiprow} );
 
-    my $error = $record->insert;
+    if ( $preinsert_callback ) {
+      my $error = &{$preinsert_callback}($record, $param);
+      if ( $error ) {
+        $dbh->rollback if $oldAutoCommit;
+        return "preinsert_callback error". ( $line ? " for $line" : '' ).
+               ": $error";
+      }
+      next if exists $param->{skiprow} && $param->{skiprow};
+    }
+
+    my @insert_args = ();
+    if ( $insert_args_callback ) {
+      @insert_args = &{$insert_args_callback}($record, $param);
+    }
+
+    my $error = $record->insert(@insert_args);
 
     if ( $error ) {
       $dbh->rollback if $oldAutoCommit;
@@ -1727,6 +2283,15 @@ sub batch_import {
     $row++;
     $imported++;
 
+    if ( $postinsert_callback ) {
+      my $error = &{$postinsert_callback}($record, $param);
+      if ( $error ) {
+        $dbh->rollback if $oldAutoCommit;
+        return "postinsert_callback error". ( $line ? " for $line" : '' ).
+               ": $error";
+      }
+    }
+
     if ( $job && time - $min_sec > $last ) { #progress bar
       $job->update_statustext( int(100 * $imported / $count) );
       $last = time;
@@ -1734,9 +2299,13 @@ sub batch_import {
 
   }
 
-  $dbh->commit or die $dbh->errstr if $oldAutoCommit;;
+  unless ( $imported || $param->{empty_ok} ) {
+    $dbh->rollback if $oldAutoCommit;
+    # freeside-cdr-conexiant-import is sensitive to the text of this message
+    return $unique_skip ? "All records in file were previously imported" : "Empty file!";
+  }
 
-  return "Empty file!" unless $imported || $param->{empty_ok};
+  $dbh->commit or die $dbh->errstr if $oldAutoCommit;
 
   ''; #no error
 
@@ -1755,16 +2324,20 @@ sub _h_statement {
   ;
 
   # If we're encrypting then don't store the payinfo in the history
-  if ( $conf && $conf->exists('encryption') ) {
+  if ( $conf_encryption && $self->table ne 'banned_pay' ) {
     @fields = grep { $_ ne 'payinfo' } @fields;
   }
 
   my @values = map { _quote( $self->getfield($_), $self->table, $_) } @fields;
 
   "INSERT INTO h_". $self->table. " ( ".
-      join(', ', qw(history_date history_user history_action), @fields ).
+      join(', ', qw(history_date history_usernum history_action), @fields ).
     ") VALUES (".
-      join(', ', $time, dbh->quote(getotaker()), dbh->quote($action), @values).
+      join(', ', $time,
+                 $FS::CurrentUser::CurrentUser->usernum,
+                 dbh->quote($action),
+                 @values
+      ).
     ")"
   ;
 }
@@ -1795,11 +2368,6 @@ sub unique {
   #warn "field $field is tainted" if is_tainted($field);
 
   my($counter) = new File::CounterFile "$table.$field",0;
-# hack for web demo
-#  getotaker() =~ /^([\w\-]{1,16})$/ or die "Illegal CGI REMOTE_USER!";
-#  my($user)=$1;
-#  my($counter) = new File::CounterFile "$user/$table.$field",0;
-# endhack
 
   my $index = $counter->inc;
   $index = $counter->inc while qsearchs($table, { $field=>$index } );
@@ -1945,6 +2513,35 @@ sub ut_numbern {
   '';
 }
 
+=item ut_decimal COLUMN[, DIGITS]
+
+Check/untaint decimal numbers (up to DIGITS decimal places.  If there is an 
+error, returns the error, otherwise returns false.
+
+=item ut_decimaln COLUMN[, DIGITS]
+
+Check/untaint decimal numbers.  May be null.  If there is an error, returns
+the error, otherwise returns false.
+
+=cut
+
+sub ut_decimal {
+  my($self, $field, $digits) = @_;
+  $digits ||= '';
+  $self->getfield($field) =~ /^\s*(\d+(\.\d{0,$digits})?)\s*$/
+    or return "Illegal or empty (decimal) $field: ".$self->getfield($field);
+  $self->setfield($field, $1);
+  '';
+}
+
+sub ut_decimaln {
+  my($self, $field, $digits) = @_;
+  $self->getfield($field) =~ /^\s*(\d*(\.\d{0,$digits})?)\s*$/
+    or return "Illegal (decimal) $field: ".$self->getfield($field);
+  $self->setfield($field, $1);
+  '';
+}
+
 =item ut_money COLUMN
 
 Check/untaint monetary numbers.  May be negative.  Set to 0 if null.  If there
@@ -1954,11 +2551,69 @@ is an error, returns the error, otherwise returns false.
 
 sub ut_money {
   my($self,$field)=@_;
-  $self->setfield($field, 0) if $self->getfield($field) eq '';
-  $self->getfield($field) =~ /^\s*(\-)?\s*(\d*)(\.\d{2})?\s*$/
-    or return "Illegal (money) $field: ". $self->getfield($field);
-  #$self->setfield($field, "$1$2$3" || 0);
-  $self->setfield($field, ( ($1||''). ($2||''). ($3||'') ) || 0);
+
+  if ( $self->getfield($field) eq '' ) {
+    $self->setfield($field, 0);
+  } elsif ( $self->getfield($field) =~ /^\s*(\-)?\s*(\d*)(\.\d{1})\s*$/ ) {
+    #handle one decimal place without barfing out
+    $self->setfield($field, ( ($1||''). ($2||''). ($3.'0') ) || 0);
+  } elsif ( $self->getfield($field) =~ /^\s*(\-)?\s*(\d*)(\.\d{2})?\s*$/ ) {
+    $self->setfield($field, ( ($1||''). ($2||''). ($3||'') ) || 0);
+  } else {
+    return "Illegal (money) $field: ". $self->getfield($field);
+  }
+
+  '';
+}
+
+=item ut_moneyn COLUMN
+
+Check/untaint monetary numbers.  May be negative.  If there
+is an error, returns the error, otherwise returns false.
+
+=cut
+
+sub ut_moneyn {
+  my($self,$field)=@_;
+  if ($self->getfield($field) eq '') {
+    $self->setfield($field, '');
+    return '';
+  }
+  $self->ut_money($field);
+}
+
+=item ut_currencyn COLUMN
+
+Check/untaint currency indicators, such as USD or EUR.  May be null.  If there
+is an error, returns the error, otherwise returns false.
+
+=cut
+
+sub ut_currencyn {
+  my($self, $field) = @_;
+  if ($self->getfield($field) eq '') { #can be null
+    $self->setfield($field, '');
+    return '';
+  }
+  $self->ut_currency($field);
+}
+
+=item ut_currency COLUMN
+
+Check/untaint currency indicators, such as USD or EUR.  May not be null.  If
+there is an error, returns the error, otherwise returns false.
+
+=cut
+
+sub ut_currency {
+  my($self, $field) = @_;
+  my $value = uc( $self->getfield($field) );
+  if ( code2currency($value) ) {
+    $self->setfield($value);
+  } else {
+    return "Unknown currency $value";
+  }
+
   '';
 }
 
@@ -1976,8 +2631,10 @@ sub ut_text {
   #warn "msgcat ". \&msgcat. "\n";
   #warn "notexist ". \&notexist. "\n";
   #warn "AUTOLOAD ". \&AUTOLOAD. "\n";
+  # \p{Word} = alphanumerics, marks (diacritics), and connectors
+  # see perldoc perluniprops
   $self->getfield($field)
-    =~ /^([\w \!\@\#\$\%\&\(\)\-\+\;\:\'\"\,\.\?\/\=\[\]\<\>]+)$/
+    =~ /^([\p{Word} \!\@\#\$\%\&\(\)\-\+\;\:\'\"\,\.\?\/\=\[\]\<\>$money_char]+)$/
       or return gettext('illegal_or_empty_text'). " $field: ".
                  $self->getfield($field);
   $self->setfield($field,$1);
@@ -1987,18 +2644,15 @@ sub ut_text {
 =item ut_textn COLUMN
 
 Check/untaint text.  Alphanumerics, spaces, and the following punctuation
-symbols are currently permitted: ! @ # $ % & ( ) - + ; : ' " , . ? /
+symbols are currently permitted: ! @ # $ % & ( ) - + ; : ' " , . ? / = [ ] < >
 May be null.  If there is an error, returns the error, otherwise returns false.
 
 =cut
 
 sub ut_textn {
   my($self,$field)=@_;
-  $self->getfield($field)
-    =~ /^([\w \!\@\#\$\%\&\(\)\-\+\;\:\'\"\,\.\?\/\=\[\]]*)$/
-      or return gettext('illegal_text'). " $field: ". $self->getfield($field);
-  $self->setfield($field,$1);
-  '';
+  return $self->setfield($field, '') if $self->getfield($field) =~ /^$/;
+  $self->ut_text($field);
 }
 
 =item ut_alpha COLUMN
@@ -2017,7 +2671,7 @@ sub ut_alpha {
   '';
 }
 
-=item ut_alpha COLUMN
+=item ut_alphan COLUMN
 
 Check/untaint alphanumeric strings (no spaces).  May be null.  If there is an
 error, returns the error, otherwise returns false.
@@ -2032,6 +2686,22 @@ sub ut_alphan {
   '';
 }
 
+=item ut_alphasn COLUMN
+
+Check/untaint alphanumeric strings, spaces allowed.  May be null.  If there is
+an error, returns the error, otherwise returns false.
+
+=cut
+
+sub ut_alphasn {
+  my($self,$field)=@_;
+  $self->getfield($field) =~ /^([\w ]*)$/ 
+    or return "Illegal (alphanumeric) $field: ". $self->getfield($field);
+  $self->setfield($field,$1);
+  '';
+}
+
+
 =item ut_alpha_lower COLUMN
 
 Check/untaint lowercase alphanumeric strings (no spaces).  May not be null.  If
@@ -2051,8 +2721,8 @@ sub ut_alpha_lower {
 Check/untaint phone numbers.  May be null.  If there is an error, returns
 the error, otherwise returns false.
 
-Takes an optional two-letter ISO country code; without it or with unsupported
-countries, ut_phonen simply calls ut_alphan.
+Takes an optional two-letter ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country code; without
+it or with unsupported countries, ut_phonen simply calls ut_alphan.
 
 =cut
 
@@ -2105,14 +2775,52 @@ sub ut_hexn {
   $self->setfield($field, uc($1));
   '';
 }
+
+=item ut_mac_addr COLUMN
+
+Check/untaint mac addresses.  May be null.
+
+=cut
+
+sub ut_mac_addr {
+  my($self, $field) = @_;
+
+  my $mac = $self->get($field);
+  $mac =~ s/\s+//g;
+  $mac =~ s/://g;
+  $self->set($field, $mac);
+
+  my $e = $self->ut_hex($field);
+  return $e if $e;
+
+  return "Illegal (mac address) $field: ". $self->getfield($field)
+    unless length($self->getfield($field)) == 12;
+
+  '';
+
+}
+
+=item ut_mac_addrn COLUMN
+
+Check/untaint mac addresses.  May be null.
+
+=cut
+
+sub ut_mac_addrn {
+  my($self, $field) = @_;
+  ($self->getfield($field) eq '') ? '' : $self->ut_mac_addr($field);
+}
+
 =item ut_ip COLUMN
 
-Check/untaint ip addresses.  IPv4 only for now.
+Check/untaint ip addresses.  IPv4 only for now, though ::1 is auto-translated
+to 127.0.0.1.
 
 =cut
 
 sub ut_ip {
   my( $self, $field ) = @_;
+  $self->setfield($field, '127.0.0.1') if $self->getfield($field) eq '::1';
   $self->getfield($field) =~ /^(\d+)\.(\d+)\.(\d+)\.(\d+)$/
     or return "Illegal (IP address) $field: ". $self->getfield($field);
   for ( $1, $2, $3, $4 ) { return "Illegal (IP address) $field" if $_ > 255; }
@@ -2122,7 +2830,8 @@ sub ut_ip {
 
 =item ut_ipn COLUMN
 
-Check/untaint ip addresses.  IPv4 only for now.  May be null.
+Check/untaint ip addresses.  IPv4 only for now, though ::1 is auto-translated
+to 127.0.0.1.  May be null.
 
 =cut
 
@@ -2136,6 +2845,35 @@ sub ut_ipn {
   }
 }
 
+=item ut_ip46 COLUMN
+
+Check/untaint IPv4 or IPv6 address.
+
+=cut
+
+sub ut_ip46 {
+  my( $self, $field ) = @_;
+  my $ip = NetAddr::IP->new($self->getfield($field))
+    or return "Illegal (IP address) $field: ".$self->getfield($field);
+  $self->setfield($field, lc($ip->addr));
+  return '';
+}
+
+=item ut_ip46n
+
+Check/untaint IPv6 or IPv6 address.  May be null.
+
+=cut
+
+sub ut_ip46n {
+  my( $self, $field ) = @_;
+  if ( $self->getfield($field) =~ /^$/ ) {
+    $self->setfield($field, '');
+    return '';
+  }
+  $self->ut_ip46($field);
+}
+
 =item ut_coord COLUMN [ LOWER [ UPPER ] ]
 
 Check/untaint coordinates.
@@ -2161,11 +2899,17 @@ for lower and upper bounds, respectively.
 =cut
 
 sub ut_coord {
-
   my ($self, $field) = (shift, shift);
 
-  my $lower = shift if scalar(@_);
-  my $upper = shift if scalar(@_);
+  my($lower, $upper);
+  if ( $field =~ /latitude/ ) {
+    $lower = $lat_lower;
+    $upper = 90;
+  } elsif ( $field =~ /longitude/ ) {
+    $lower = -180;
+    $upper = $lon_upper;
+  }
+
   my $coord = $self->getfield($field);
   my $neg = $coord =~ s/^(-)//;
 
@@ -2213,7 +2957,7 @@ sub ut_coordn {
 
   my ($self, $field) = (shift, shift);
 
-  if ($self->getfield($field) =~ /^$/) {
+  if ($self->getfield($field) =~ /^\s*$/) {
     return '';
   } else {
     return $self->ut_coord($field, @_);
@@ -2221,10 +2965,9 @@ sub ut_coordn {
 
 }
 
-
 =item ut_domain COLUMN
 
-Check/untaint host and domain names.
+Check/untaint host and domain names.  May not be null.
 
 =cut
 
@@ -2232,11 +2975,27 @@ sub ut_domain {
   my( $self, $field ) = @_;
   #$self->getfield($field) =~/^(\w+\.)*\w+$/
   $self->getfield($field) =~/^(([\w\-]+\.)*\w+)$/
-    or return "Illegal (domain) $field: ". $self->getfield($field);
+    or return "Illegal (hostname) $field: ". $self->getfield($field);
   $self->setfield($field,$1);
   '';
 }
 
+=item ut_domainn COLUMN
+
+Check/untaint host and domain names.  May be null.
+
+=cut
+
+sub ut_domainn {
+  my( $self, $field ) = @_;
+  if ( $self->getfield($field) =~ /^()$/ ) {
+    $self->setfield($field,'');
+    '';
+  } else {
+    $self->ut_domain($field);
+  }
+}
+
 =item ut_name COLUMN
 
 Check/untaint proper names; allows alphanumerics, spaces and the following
@@ -2248,12 +3007,31 @@ May not be null.
 
 sub ut_name {
   my( $self, $field ) = @_;
-  $self->getfield($field) =~ /^([\w \,\.\-\']+)$/
+  $self->getfield($field) =~ /^([\p{Word} \,\.\-\']+)$/
     or return gettext('illegal_name'). " $field: ". $self->getfield($field);
-  $self->setfield($field,$1);
+  my $name = $1;
+  $name =~ s/^\s+//; 
+  $name =~ s/\s+$//; 
+  $name =~ s/\s+/ /g;
+  $self->setfield($field, $name);
   '';
 }
 
+=item ut_namen COLUMN
+
+Check/untaint proper names; allows alphanumerics, spaces and the following
+punctuation: , . - '
+
+May not be null.
+
+=cut
+
+sub ut_namen {
+  my( $self, $field ) = @_;
+  return $self->setfield($field, '') if $self->getfield($field) =~ /^$/;
+  $self->ut_name($field);
+}
+
 =item ut_zip COLUMN
 
 Check/untaint zip codes.
@@ -2287,7 +3065,7 @@ sub ut_zip {
     {
       $self->setfield($field,'');
     } else {
-      $self->getfield($field) =~ /^\s*(\w[\w\-\s]{2,8}\w)\s*$/
+      $self->getfield($field) =~ /^\s*(\w[\w\-\s]{0,8}\w)\s*$/
         or return gettext('illegal_zip'). " $field: ". $self->getfield($field);
       $self->setfield($field,$1);
     }
@@ -2342,13 +3120,43 @@ sub ut_enum {
   my( $self, $field, $choices ) = @_;
   foreach my $choice ( @$choices ) {
     if ( $self->getfield($field) eq $choice ) {
-      $self->setfield($choice);
+      $self->setfield($field, $choice);
       return '';
     }
   }
   return "Illegal (enum) field $field: ". $self->getfield($field);
 }
 
+=item ut_enumn COLUMN CHOICES_ARRAYREF
+
+Like ut_enum, except the null value is also allowed.
+
+=cut
+
+sub ut_enumn {
+  my( $self, $field, $choices ) = @_;
+  $self->getfield($field)
+    ? $self->ut_enum($field, $choices)
+    : '';
+}
+
+=item ut_flag COLUMN
+
+Check/untaint a column if it contains either an empty string or 'Y'.  This
+is the standard form for boolean flags in Freeside.
+
+=cut
+
+sub ut_flag {
+  my( $self, $field ) = @_;
+  my $value = uc($self->getfield($field));
+  if ( $value eq '' or $value eq 'Y' ) {
+    $self->setfield($field, $value);
+    return '';
+  }
+  return "Illegal (flag) field $field: $value";
+}
+
 =item ut_foreign_key COLUMN FOREIGN_TABLE FOREIGN_COLUMN
 
 Check/untaint a foreign column key.  Call a regular ut_ method (like ut_number)
@@ -2358,7 +3166,7 @@ on the column first.
 
 sub ut_foreign_key {
   my( $self, $field, $table, $foreign ) = @_;
-  return '' if $no_check_foreign;
+  return $self->ut_number($field) if $no_check_foreign;
   qsearchs($table, { $foreign => $self->getfield($field) })
     or return "Can't find ". $self->table. ".$field ". $self->getfield($field).
               " in $table.$foreign";
@@ -2398,12 +3206,12 @@ sub ut_agentnum_acl {
 
   if ( $self->$field() ) {
 
-    return "Access denied"
+    return 'Access denied to agent '. $self->$field()
       unless $curuser->agentnum($self->$field());
 
   } else {
 
-    return "Access denied"
+    return 'Access denied to global'
       unless grep $curuser->access_right($_), @$null_acl;
 
   }
@@ -2412,40 +3220,25 @@ sub ut_agentnum_acl {
 
 }
 
-=item virtual_fields [ TABLE ]
+=item trim_whitespace FIELD[, FIELD ... ]
 
-Returns a list of virtual fields defined for the table.  This should not 
-be exported, and should only be called as an instance or class method.
+Strip leading and trailing spaces from the value in the named FIELD(s).
 
 =cut
 
-sub virtual_fields {
+sub trim_whitespace {
   my $self = shift;
-  my $table;
-  $table = $self->table or confess "virtual_fields called on non-table";
-
-  confess "Unknown table $table" unless dbdef->table($table);
-
-  return () unless dbdef->table('part_virtual_field');
-
-  unless ( $virtual_fields_cache{$table} ) {
-    my $query = 'SELECT name from part_virtual_field ' .
-                "WHERE dbtable = '$table'";
-    my $dbh = dbh;
-    my $result = $dbh->selectcol_arrayref($query);
-    confess "Error executing virtual fields query: $query: ". $dbh->errstr
-      if $dbh->err;
-    $virtual_fields_cache{$table} = $result;
+  foreach my $field (@_) {
+    my $value = $self->get($field);
+    $value =~ s/^\s+//;
+    $value =~ s/\s+$//;
+    $self->set($field, $value);
   }
-
-  @{$virtual_fields_cache{$table}};
-
 }
 
-
 =item fields [ TABLE ]
 
-This is a wrapper for real_fields and virtual_fields.  Code that called
+This is a wrapper for real_fields.  Code that called
 fields before should probably continue to call fields.
 
 =cut
@@ -2457,50 +3250,11 @@ sub fields {
     $table = $something->table;
   } else {
     $table = $something;
-    $something = "FS::$table";
+    #$something = "FS::$table";
   }
-  return (real_fields($table), $something->virtual_fields());
+  return (real_fields($table));
 }
 
-=item pvf FIELD_NAME
-
-Returns the FS::part_virtual_field object corresponding to a field in the 
-record (specified by FIELD_NAME).
-
-=cut
-
-sub pvf {
-  my ($self, $name) = (shift, shift);
-
-  if(grep /^$name$/, $self->virtual_fields) {
-    return qsearchs('part_virtual_field', { dbtable => $self->table,
-                                            name    => $name } );
-  }
-  ''
-}
-
-=item vfieldpart_hashref TABLE
-
-Returns a hashref of virtual field names and vfieldparts applicable to the given
-TABLE.
-
-=cut
-
-sub vfieldpart_hashref {
-  my $self = shift;
-  my $table = $self->table;
-
-  return {} unless dbdef->table('part_virtual_field');
-
-  my $dbh = dbh;
-  my $statement = "SELECT vfieldpart, name FROM part_virtual_field WHERE ".
-                  "dbtable = '$table'";
-  my $sth = $dbh->prepare($statement);
-  $sth->execute or croak "Execution of '$statement' failed: ".$dbh->errstr;
-  return { map { $_->{name}, $_->{vfieldpart} } 
-    @{$sth->fetchall_arrayref({})} };
-
-}
 
 =item encrypt($value)
 
@@ -2514,9 +3268,9 @@ You should generally not have to worry about calling this, as the system handles
 
 sub encrypt {
   my ($self, $value) = @_;
-  my $encrypted;
+  my $encrypted = $value;
 
-  if ($conf->exists('encryption')) {
+  if ($conf_encryption) {
     if ($self->is_encrypted($value)) {
       # Return the original value if it isn't plaintext.
       $encrypted = $value;
@@ -2544,13 +3298,8 @@ Checks to see if the string is encrypted and returns true or false (1/0) to indi
 
 sub is_encrypted {
   my ($self, $value) = @_;
-  # Possible Bug - Some work may be required here....
-
-  if ($value =~ /^M/ && length($value) > 80) {
-    return 1;
-  } else {
-    return 0;
-  }
+  # could be more precise about it, but this will do for now
+  $value =~ /^M/ && length($value) > 80;
 }
 
 =item decrypt($value)
@@ -2564,7 +3313,7 @@ You should generally not have to worry about calling this, as the system handles
 sub decrypt {
   my ($self,$value) = @_;
   my $decrypted = $value; # Will return the original value if it isn't encrypted or can't be decrypted.
-  if ($conf->exists('encryption') && $self->is_encrypted($value)) {
+  if ($conf_encryption && $self->is_encrypted($value)) {
     $self->loadRSA;
     if (ref($rsa_decrypt) =~ /::RSA/) {
       my $encrypted = unpack ("u*", $value);
@@ -2580,8 +3329,8 @@ sub loadRSA {
     #Initialize the Module
     $rsa_module = 'Crypt::OpenSSL::RSA'; # The Default
 
-    if ($conf->exists('encryptionmodule') && $conf->config_binary('encryptionmodule') ne '') {
-      $rsa_module = $conf->config('encryptionmodule');
+    if ($conf_encryptionmodule && $conf_encryptionmodule ne '') {
+      $rsa_module = $conf_encryptionmodule;
     }
 
     if (!$rsa_loaded) {
@@ -2589,15 +3338,13 @@ sub loadRSA {
 	$rsa_loaded++;
     }
     # Initialize Encryption
-    if ($conf->exists('encryptionpublickey') && $conf->config_binary('encryptionpublickey') ne '') {
-      my $public_key = join("\n",$conf->config('encryptionpublickey'));
-      $rsa_encrypt = $rsa_module->new_public_key($public_key);
+    if ($conf_encryptionpublickey && $conf_encryptionpublickey ne '') {
+      $rsa_encrypt = $rsa_module->new_public_key($conf_encryptionpublickey);
     }
     
     # Intitalize Decryption
-    if ($conf->exists('encryptionprivatekey') && $conf->config_binary('encryptionprivatekey') ne '') {
-      my $private_key = join("\n",$conf->config('encryptionprivatekey'));
-      $rsa_decrypt = $rsa_module->new_private_key($private_key);
+    if ($conf_encryptionprivatekey && $conf_encryptionprivatekey ne '') {
+      $rsa_decrypt = $rsa_module->new_private_key($conf_encryptionprivatekey);
     }
 }
 
@@ -2638,6 +3385,60 @@ sub h_date {
   $h ? $h->history_date : '';
 }
 
+=item scalar_sql SQL [ PLACEHOLDER, ... ]
+
+A class or object method.  Executes the sql statement represented by SQL and
+returns a scalar representing the result: the first column of the first row.
+
+Dies on bogus SQL.  Returns an empty string if no row is returned.
+
+Typically used for statments which return a single value such as "SELECT
+COUNT(*) FROM table WHERE something" OR "SELECT column FROM table WHERE key = ?"
+
+=cut
+
+sub scalar_sql {
+  my($self, $sql) = (shift, shift);
+  my $sth = dbh->prepare($sql) or die dbh->errstr;
+  $sth->execute(@_)
+    or die "Unexpected error executing statement $sql: ". $sth->errstr;
+  my $row = $sth->fetchrow_arrayref or return '';
+  my $scalar = $row->[0];
+  defined($scalar) ? $scalar : '';
+}
+
+=item count [ WHERE [, PLACEHOLDER ...] ]
+
+Convenience method for the common case of "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM table", 
+with optional WHERE.  Must be called as method on a class with an 
+associated table.
+
+=cut
+
+sub count {
+  my($self, $where) = (shift, shift);
+  my $table = $self->table or die 'count called on object of class '.ref($self);
+  my $sql = "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM $table";
+  $sql .= " WHERE $where" if $where;
+  $self->scalar_sql($sql, @_);
+}
+
+=item row_exists [ WHERE [, PLACEHOLDER ...] ]
+
+Convenience method for the common case of "SELECT 1 FROM table ... LIMIT 1"
+with optional (but almost always needed) WHERE.
+
+=cut
+
+sub row_exists {
+  my($self, $where) = (shift, shift);
+  my $table = $self->table or die 'row_exists called on object of class '.ref($self);
+  my $sql = "SELECT 1 FROM $table";
+  $sql .= " WHERE $where" if $where;
+  $sql .= " LIMIT 1";
+  $self->scalar_sql($sql, @_);
+}
+
 =back
 
 =head1 SUBROUTINES
@@ -2659,6 +3460,29 @@ sub real_fields {
   $table_obj->columns;
 }
 
+=item pvf FIELD_NAME
+
+Returns the FS::part_virtual_field object corresponding to a field in the 
+record (specified by FIELD_NAME).
+
+=cut
+
+sub pvf {
+  my ($self, $name) = (shift, shift);
+
+  if(grep /^$name$/, $self->virtual_fields) {
+    $name =~ s/^cf_//;
+    my $concat = [ "'cf_'", "name" ];
+    return qsearchs({   table   =>  'part_virtual_field',
+                        hashref =>  { dbtable => $self->table,
+                                      name    => $name 
+                                    },
+                        select  =>  'vfieldpart, dbtable, length, label, '.concat_sql($concat).' as name',
+                    });
+  }
+  ''
+}
+
 =item _quote VALUE, TABLE, COLUMN
 
 This is an internal function used to construct SQL statements.  It returns
@@ -2673,12 +3497,14 @@ sub _quote {
   my $column_type = $column_obj->type;
   my $nullable = $column_obj->null;
 
+  utf8::upgrade($value);
+
   warn "  $table.$column: $value ($column_type".
        ( $nullable ? ' NULL' : ' NOT NULL' ).
        ")\n" if $DEBUG > 2;
 
   if ( $value eq '' && $nullable ) {
-    'NULL'
+    'NULL';
   } elsif ( $value eq '' && $column_type =~ /^(int|numeric)/ ) {
     cluck "WARNING: Attempting to set non-null integer $table.$column null; ".
           "using 0 instead";
@@ -2686,6 +3512,15 @@ sub _quote {
   } elsif ( $value =~ /^\d+(\.\d+)?$/ && 
             ! $column_type =~ /(char|binary|text)$/i ) {
     $value;
+  } elsif (( $column_type =~ /^bytea$/i || $column_type =~ /(blob|varbinary)/i )
+           && driver_name eq 'Pg'
+          )
+  {
+    no strict 'subs';
+#    dbh->quote($value, { pg_type => PG_BYTEA() }); # doesn't work right
+    # Pg binary string quoting: convert each character to 3-digit octal prefixed with \\, 
+    # single-quote the whole mess, and put an "E" in front.
+    return ("E'" . join('', map { sprintf('\\\\%03o', ord($_)) } split(//, $value) ) . "'");
   } else {
     dbh->quote($value);
   }
@@ -2772,6 +3607,107 @@ sub str2time_sql_closing {
   return ' ) ';
 }
 
+=item regexp_sql [ DRIVER_NAME ]
+
+Returns the operator to do a regular expression comparison based on database
+type, such as '~' for Pg or 'REGEXP' for mysql.
+
+You can pass an optional driver name such as "Pg", "mysql" or
+$dbh->{Driver}->{Name} to return a function for that database instead of
+the current database.
+
+=cut
+
+sub regexp_sql {
+  my $driver = shift || driver_name;
+
+  return '~'      if $driver =~ /^Pg/i;
+  return 'REGEXP' if $driver =~ /^mysql/i;
+
+  die "don't know how to use regular expressions in ". driver_name." databases";
+
+}
+
+=item not_regexp_sql [ DRIVER_NAME ]
+
+Returns the operator to do a regular expression negation based on database
+type, such as '!~' for Pg or 'NOT REGEXP' for mysql.
+
+You can pass an optional driver name such as "Pg", "mysql" or
+$dbh->{Driver}->{Name} to return a function for that database instead of
+the current database.
+
+=cut
+
+sub not_regexp_sql {
+  my $driver = shift || driver_name;
+
+  return '!~'         if $driver =~ /^Pg/i;
+  return 'NOT REGEXP' if $driver =~ /^mysql/i;
+
+  die "don't know how to use regular expressions in ". driver_name." databases";
+
+}
+
+=item concat_sql [ DRIVER_NAME ] ITEMS_ARRAYREF
+
+Returns the items concatenated based on database type, using "CONCAT()" for
+mysql and " || " for Pg and other databases.
+
+You can pass an optional driver name such as "Pg", "mysql" or
+$dbh->{Driver}->{Name} to return a function for that database instead of
+the current database.
+
+=cut
+
+sub concat_sql {
+  my $driver = ref($_[0]) ? driver_name : shift;
+  my $items = shift;
+
+  if ( $driver =~ /^mysql/i ) {
+    'CONCAT('. join(',', @$items). ')';
+  } else {
+    join('||', @$items);
+  }
+
+}
+
+=item group_concat_sql COLUMN, DELIMITER
+
+Returns an SQL expression to concatenate an aggregate column, using 
+GROUP_CONCAT() for mysql and array_to_string() and array_agg() for Pg.
+
+=cut
+
+sub group_concat_sql {
+  my ($col, $delim) = @_;
+  $delim = dbh->quote($delim);
+  if ( driver_name() =~ /^mysql/i ) {
+    # DISTINCT(foo) is valid as $col
+    return "GROUP_CONCAT($col SEPARATOR $delim)";
+  } else {
+    return "array_to_string(array_agg($col), $delim)";
+  }
+}
+
+=item midnight_sql DATE
+
+Returns an SQL expression to convert DATE (a unix timestamp) to midnight 
+on that day in the system timezone, using the default driver name.
+
+=cut
+
+sub midnight_sql {
+  my $driver = driver_name;
+  my $expr = shift;
+  if ( $driver =~ /^mysql/i ) {
+    "UNIX_TIMESTAMP(DATE(FROM_UNIXTIME($expr)))";
+  }
+  else {
+    "EXTRACT( EPOCH FROM DATE(TO_TIMESTAMP($expr)) )";
+  }
+}
+
 =back
 
 =head1 BUGS