refactor giant cust_main.pm a little in preparation of adding API methods for maestro, RT#9967

6 files changed, 3005 insertions, 2901 deletions

diff --git a/FS/FS.pm b/FS/FS.pm
index 07b31b3b5..40914cef9 100644
--- a/FS/FS.pm
+++ b/FS/FS.pm
@@ -262,6 +262,10 @@ L<FS::prospect_main> - Prospect class
 
 L<FS::cust_main> - Customer class
 
+L<FS::cust_main::Billing> - Customer billing class
+
+L<FS::cust_main::Billing_Realtime> - Customer real-time billing class
+
 L<FS::cust_location> - Customer location class
 
 L<FS::cust_main_Mixin> - Mixin class for records that contain fields from cust_main
diff --git a/FS/FS/cust_main.pm b/FS/FS/cust_main.pm
index 007beec92..21f66b92e 100644
--- a/FS/FS/cust_main.pm
+++ b/FS/FS/cust_main.pm
@@ -2,11 +2,10 @@ package FS::cust_main;
 
 require 5.006;
 use strict;
-use base qw( FS::otaker_Mixin
-             FS::payinfo_Mixin
-             FS::cust_main_Mixin
+use base qw( FS::cust_main::Billing FS::cust_main::Billing_Realtime
+             FS::otaker_Mixin FS::payinfo_Mixin FS::cust_main_Mixin
              FS::Record
-            );
+           );
 use vars qw( @EXPORT_OK $DEBUG $me $conf
              @encrypted_fields
              $import $ignore_expired_card
@@ -14,7 +13,6 @@ use vars qw( @EXPORT_OK $DEBUG $me $conf
              @paytypes
            );
 use vars qw( $realtime_bop_decline_quiet ); #ugh
-use Safe;
 use Carp;
 use Exporter;
 use Scalar::Util qw( blessed );
@@ -40,10 +38,6 @@ use FS::payby;
 use FS::cust_pkg;
 use FS::cust_svc;
 use FS::cust_bill;
-use FS::cust_bill_pkg;
-use FS::cust_bill_pkg_display;
-use FS::cust_bill_pkg_tax_location;
-use FS::cust_bill_pkg_tax_rate_location;
 use FS::cust_pay;
 use FS::cust_pay_pending;
 use FS::cust_pay_void;
@@ -56,15 +50,10 @@ use FS::cust_location;
 use FS::cust_class;
 use FS::cust_main_exemption;
 use FS::cust_tax_adjustment;
-use FS::tax_rate;
-use FS::tax_rate_location;
 use FS::cust_tax_location;
-use FS::part_pkg_taxrate;
 use FS::agent;
 use FS::cust_main_invoice;
 use FS::cust_tag;
-use FS::cust_credit_bill;
-use FS::cust_bill_pay;
 use FS::prepay_credit;
 use FS::queue;
 use FS::part_pkg;
@@ -80,7 +69,7 @@ use FS::TicketSystem;
 
 @EXPORT_OK = qw( smart_search );
 
-$realtime_bop_decline_quiet = 0;
+$realtime_bop_decline_quiet = 0; #move to Billing_Realtime
 
 # 1 is mostly method/subroutine entry and options
 # 2 traces progress of some operations
@@ -2667,1271 +2656,10 @@ sub classname {
     : '';
 }
 
+=item BILLING METHODS
 
-=item bill_and_collect 
-
-Cancels and suspends any packages due, generates bills, applies payments and
-credits, and applies collection events to run cards, send bills and notices,
-etc.
-
-By default, warns on errors and continues with the next operation (but see the
-"fatal" flag below).
-
-Options are passed as name-value pairs.  Currently available options are:
-
-=over 4
-
-=item time
-
-Bills the customer as if it were that time.  Specified as a UNIX timestamp; see L<perlfunc/"time">).  Also see L<Time::Local> and L<Date::Parse> for conversion functions.  For example:
-
- use Date::Parse;
- ...
- $cust_main->bill( 'time' => str2time('April 20th, 2001') );
-
-=item invoice_time
-
-Used in conjunction with the I<time> option, this option specifies the date of for the generated invoices.  Other calculations, such as whether or not to generate the invoice in the first place, are not affected.
-
-=item check_freq
-
-"1d" for the traditional, daily events (the default), or "1m" for the new monthly events (part_event.check_freq)
-
-=item resetup
-
-If set true, re-charges setup fees.
-
-=item fatal
-
-If set any errors prevent subsequent operations from continusing.  If set
-specifically to "return", returns the error (or false, if there is no error).
-Any other true value causes errors to die.
-
-=item debug
-
-Debugging level.  Default is 0 (no debugging), or can be set to 1 (passed-in options), 2 (traces progress), 3 (more information), or 4 (include full search queries)
-
-=item job
-
-Optional FS::queue entry to receive status updates.
-
-=back
-
-Options are passed to the B<bill> and B<collect> methods verbatim, so all
-options of those methods are also available.
-
-=cut
-
-sub bill_and_collect {
-  my( $self, %options ) = @_;
-
-  my $error;
-
-  #$options{actual_time} not $options{time} because freeside-daily -d is for
-  #pre-printing invoices
-
-  $options{'actual_time'} ||= time;
-  my $job = $options{'job'};
-
-  $job->update_statustext('0,cleaning expired packages') if $job;
-  $error = $self->cancel_expired_pkgs( $options{actual_time} );
-  if ( $error ) {
-    $error = "Error expiring custnum ". $self->custnum. ": $error";
-    if    ( $options{fatal} && $options{fatal} eq 'return' ) { return $error; }
-    elsif ( $options{fatal}                                ) { die    $error; }
-    else                                                     { warn   $error; }
-  }
-
-  $error = $self->suspend_adjourned_pkgs( $options{actual_time} );
-  if ( $error ) {
-    $error = "Error adjourning custnum ". $self->custnum. ": $error";
-    if    ( $options{fatal} && $options{fatal} eq 'return' ) { return $error; }
-    elsif ( $options{fatal}                                ) { die    $error; }
-    else                                                     { warn   $error; }
-  }
-
-  $job->update_statustext('20,billing packages') if $job;
-  $error = $self->bill( %options );
-  if ( $error ) {
-    $error = "Error billing custnum ". $self->custnum. ": $error";
-    if    ( $options{fatal} && $options{fatal} eq 'return' ) { return $error; }
-    elsif ( $options{fatal}                                ) { die    $error; }
-    else                                                     { warn   $error; }
-  }
-
-  $job->update_statustext('50,applying payments and credits') if $job;
-  $error = $self->apply_payments_and_credits;
-  if ( $error ) {
-    $error = "Error applying custnum ". $self->custnum. ": $error";
-    if    ( $options{fatal} && $options{fatal} eq 'return' ) { return $error; }
-    elsif ( $options{fatal}                                ) { die    $error; }
-    else                                                     { warn   $error; }
-  }
-
-  $job->update_statustext('70,running collection events') if $job;
-  unless ( $conf->exists('cancelled_cust-noevents')
-           && ! $self->num_ncancelled_pkgs
-  ) {
-    $error = $self->collect( %options );
-    if ( $error ) {
-      $error = "Error collecting custnum ". $self->custnum. ": $error";
-      if    ($options{fatal} && $options{fatal} eq 'return') { return $error; }
-      elsif ($options{fatal}                               ) { die    $error; }
-      else                                                   { warn   $error; }
-    }
-  }
-  $job->update_statustext('100,finished') if $job;
-
-  '';
-
-}
-
-sub cancel_expired_pkgs {
-  my ( $self, $time, %options ) = @_;
-
-  my @cancel_pkgs = $self->ncancelled_pkgs( { 
-    'extra_sql' => " AND expire IS NOT NULL AND expire > 0 AND expire <= $time "
-  } );
-
-  my @errors = ();
-
-  foreach my $cust_pkg ( @cancel_pkgs ) {
-    my $cpr = $cust_pkg->last_cust_pkg_reason('expire');
-    my $error = $cust_pkg->cancel($cpr ? ( 'reason'        => $cpr->reasonnum,
-                                           'reason_otaker' => $cpr->otaker
-                                         )
-                                       : ()
-                                 );
-    push @errors, 'pkgnum '.$cust_pkg->pkgnum.": $error" if $error;
-  }
-
-  scalar(@errors) ? join(' / ', @errors) : '';
-
-}
-
-sub suspend_adjourned_pkgs {
-  my ( $self, $time, %options ) = @_;
-
-  my @susp_pkgs = $self->ncancelled_pkgs( {
-    'extra_sql' =>
-      " AND ( susp IS NULL OR susp = 0 )
-        AND (    ( bill    IS NOT NULL AND bill    != 0 AND bill    <  $time )
-              OR ( adjourn IS NOT NULL AND adjourn != 0 AND adjourn <= $time )
-            )
-      ",
-  } );
-
-  #only because there's no SQL test for is_prepaid :/
-  @susp_pkgs = 
-    grep {     (    $_->part_pkg->is_prepaid
-                 && $_->bill
-                 && $_->bill < $time
-               )
-            || (    $_->adjourn
-                 && $_->adjourn <= $time
-               )
-           
-         }
-         @susp_pkgs;
-
-  my @errors = ();
-
-  foreach my $cust_pkg ( @susp_pkgs ) {
-    my $cpr = $cust_pkg->last_cust_pkg_reason('adjourn')
-      if ($cust_pkg->adjourn && $cust_pkg->adjourn < $^T);
-    my $error = $cust_pkg->suspend($cpr ? ( 'reason' => $cpr->reasonnum,
-                                            'reason_otaker' => $cpr->otaker
-                                          )
-                                        : ()
-                                  );
-    push @errors, 'pkgnum '.$cust_pkg->pkgnum.": $error" if $error;
-  }
-
-  scalar(@errors) ? join(' / ', @errors) : '';
-
-}
-
-=item bill OPTIONS
-
-Generates invoices (see L<FS::cust_bill>) for this customer.  Usually used in
-conjunction with the collect method by calling B<bill_and_collect>.
-
-If there is an error, returns the error, otherwise returns false.
-
-Options are passed as name-value pairs.  Currently available options are:
-
-=over 4
-
-=item resetup
-
-If set true, re-charges setup fees.
-
-=item time
-
-Bills the customer as if it were that time.  Specified as a UNIX timestamp; see L<perlfunc/"time">).  Also see L<Time::Local> and L<Date::Parse> for conversion functions.  For example:
-
- use Date::Parse;
- ...
- $cust_main->bill( 'time' => str2time('April 20th, 2001') );
-
-=item pkg_list
-
-An array ref of specific packages (objects) to attempt billing, instead trying all of them.
-
- $cust_main->bill( pkg_list => [$pkg1, $pkg2] );
-
-=item not_pkgpart
-
-A hashref of pkgparts to exclude from this billing run (can also be specified as a comma-separated scalar).
-
-=item invoice_time
-
-Used in conjunction with the I<time> option, this option specifies the date of for the generated invoices.  Other calculations, such as whether or not to generate the invoice in the first place, are not affected.
-
-=item cancel
-
-This boolean value informs the us that the package is being cancelled.  This
-typically might mean not charging the normal recurring fee but only usage
-fees since the last billing. Setup charges may be charged.  Not all package
-plans support this feature (they tend to charge 0).
-
-=item invoice_terms
-
-Optional terms to be printed on this invoice.  Otherwise, customer-specific
-terms or the default terms are used.
-
-=back
-
-=cut
-
-sub bill {
-  my( $self, %options ) = @_;
-  return '' if $self->payby eq 'COMP';
-  warn "$me bill customer ". $self->custnum. "\n"
-    if $DEBUG;
-
-  my $time = $options{'time'} || time;
-  my $invoice_time = $options{'invoice_time'} || $time;
-
-  $options{'not_pkgpart'} ||= {};
-  $options{'not_pkgpart'} = { map { $_ => 1 }
-                                  split(/\s*,\s*/, $options{'not_pkgpart'})
-                            }
-    unless ref($options{'not_pkgpart'});
-
-  local $SIG{HUP} = 'IGNORE';
-  local $SIG{INT} = 'IGNORE';
-  local $SIG{QUIT} = 'IGNORE';
-  local $SIG{TERM} = 'IGNORE';
-  local $SIG{TSTP} = 'IGNORE';
-  local $SIG{PIPE} = 'IGNORE';
-
-  my $oldAutoCommit = $FS::UID::AutoCommit;
-  local $FS::UID::AutoCommit = 0;
-  my $dbh = dbh;
-
-  warn "$me acquiring lock on customer ". $self->custnum. "\n"
-    if $DEBUG;
-
-  $self->select_for_update; #mutex
-
-  warn "$me running pre-bill events for customer ". $self->custnum. "\n"
-    if $DEBUG;
-
-  my $error = $self->do_cust_event(
-    'debug'      => ( $options{'debug'} || 0 ),
-    'time'       => $invoice_time,
-    'check_freq' => $options{'check_freq'},
-    'stage'      => 'pre-bill',
-  );
-  if ( $error ) {
-    $dbh->rollback if $oldAutoCommit;
-    return $error;
-  }
-
-  warn "$me done running pre-bill events for customer ". $self->custnum. "\n"
-    if $DEBUG;
-
-  #keep auto-charge and non-auto-charge line items separate
-  my @passes = ( '', 'no_auto' );
-
-  my %cust_bill_pkg = map { $_ => [] } @passes;
-
-  ###
-  # find the packages which are due for billing, find out how much they are
-  # & generate invoice database.
-  ###
-
-  my %total_setup   = map { my $z = 0; $_ => \$z; } @passes;
-  my %total_recur   = map { my $z = 0; $_ => \$z; } @passes;
-
-  my %taxlisthash = map { $_ => {} } @passes;
-
-  my @precommit_hooks = ();
-
-  $options{'pkg_list'} ||= [ $self->ncancelled_pkgs ];  #param checks?
-  foreach my $cust_pkg ( @{ $options{'pkg_list'} } ) {
-
-    next if $options{'not_pkgpart'}->{$cust_pkg->pkgpart};
-
-    warn "  bill package ". $cust_pkg->pkgnum. "\n" if $DEBUG > 1;
-
-    #? to avoid use of uninitialized value errors... ?
-    $cust_pkg->setfield('bill', '')
-      unless defined($cust_pkg->bill);
- 
-    #my $part_pkg = $cust_pkg->part_pkg;
-
-    my $real_pkgpart = $cust_pkg->pkgpart;
-    my %hash = $cust_pkg->hash;
-
-    # we could implement this bit as FS::part_pkg::has_hidden, but we already
-    # suffer from performance issues
-    $options{has_hidden} = 0;
-    my @part_pkg = $cust_pkg->part_pkg->self_and_bill_linked;
-    $options{has_hidden} = 1 if ($part_pkg[1] && $part_pkg[1]->hidden);
- 
-    foreach my $part_pkg ( @part_pkg ) {
-
-      $cust_pkg->set($_, $hash{$_}) foreach qw ( setup last_bill bill );
-
-      my $pass = ($cust_pkg->no_auto || $part_pkg->no_auto) ? 'no_auto' : '';
-
-      my $error =
-        $self->_make_lines( 'part_pkg'            => $part_pkg,
-                            'cust_pkg'            => $cust_pkg,
-                            'precommit_hooks'     => \@precommit_hooks,
-                            'line_items'          => $cust_bill_pkg{$pass},
-                            'setup'               => $total_setup{$pass},
-                            'recur'               => $total_recur{$pass},
-                            'tax_matrix'          => $taxlisthash{$pass},
-                            'time'                => $time,
-                            'real_pkgpart'        => $real_pkgpart,
-                            'options'             => \%options,
-                          );
-      if ($error) {
-        $dbh->rollback if $oldAutoCommit;
-        return $error;
-      }
-
-    } #foreach my $part_pkg
-
-  } #foreach my $cust_pkg
-
-  #if the customer isn't on an automatic payby, everything can go on a single
-  #invoice anyway?
-  #if ( $cust_main->payby !~ /^(CARD|CHEK)$/ ) {
-    #merge everything into one list
-  #}
-
-  foreach my $pass (@passes) { # keys %cust_bill_pkg ) {
-
-    my @cust_bill_pkg = _omit_zero_value_bundles(@{ $cust_bill_pkg{$pass} });
-
-    next unless @cust_bill_pkg; #don't create an invoice w/o line items
-
-    if ( scalar( grep { $_->recur && $_->recur > 0 } @cust_bill_pkg) ||
-           !$conf->exists('postal_invoice-recurring_only')
-       )
-    {
-
-      my $postal_pkg = $self->charge_postal_fee();
-      if ( $postal_pkg && !ref( $postal_pkg ) ) {
-
-        $dbh->rollback if $oldAutoCommit;
-        return "can't charge postal invoice fee for customer ".
-          $self->custnum. ": $postal_pkg";
-
-      } elsif ( $postal_pkg ) {
-
-        my $real_pkgpart = $postal_pkg->pkgpart;
-        # we could implement this bit as FS::part_pkg::has_hidden, but we already
-        # suffer from performance issues
-        $options{has_hidden} = 0;
-        my @part_pkg = $postal_pkg->part_pkg->self_and_bill_linked;
-        $options{has_hidden} = 1 if ($part_pkg[1] && $part_pkg[1]->hidden);
-
-        foreach my $part_pkg ( @part_pkg ) {
-          my %postal_options = %options;
-          delete $postal_options{cancel};
-          my $error =
-            $self->_make_lines( 'part_pkg'            => $part_pkg,
-                                'cust_pkg'            => $postal_pkg,
-                                'precommit_hooks'     => \@precommit_hooks,
-                                'line_items'          => \@cust_bill_pkg,
-                                'setup'               => $total_setup{$pass},
-                                'recur'               => $total_recur{$pass},
-                                'tax_matrix'          => $taxlisthash{$pass},
-                                'time'                => $time,
-                                'real_pkgpart'        => $real_pkgpart,
-                                'options'             => \%postal_options,
-                              );
-          if ($error) {
-            $dbh->rollback if $oldAutoCommit;
-            return $error;
-          }
-        }
-
-        # it's silly to have a zero value postal_pkg, but....
-        @cust_bill_pkg = _omit_zero_value_bundles(@cust_bill_pkg);
-
-      }
-
-    }
-
-    my $listref_or_error =
-      $self->calculate_taxes( \@cust_bill_pkg, $taxlisthash{$pass}, $invoice_time);
-
-    unless ( ref( $listref_or_error ) ) {
-      $dbh->rollback if $oldAutoCommit;
-      return $listref_or_error;
-    }
-
-    foreach my $taxline ( @$listref_or_error ) {
-      ${ $total_setup{$pass} } =
-        sprintf('%.2f', ${ $total_setup{$pass} } + $taxline->setup );
-      push @cust_bill_pkg, $taxline;
-    }
-
-    #add tax adjustments
-    warn "adding tax adjustments...\n" if $DEBUG > 2;
-    foreach my $cust_tax_adjustment (
-      qsearch('cust_tax_adjustment', { 'custnum'    => $self->custnum,
-                                       'billpkgnum' => '',
-                                     }
-             )
-    ) {
-
-      my $tax = sprintf('%.2f', $cust_tax_adjustment->amount );
-
-      my $itemdesc = $cust_tax_adjustment->taxname;
-      $itemdesc = '' if $itemdesc eq 'Tax';
-
-      push @cust_bill_pkg, new FS::cust_bill_pkg {
-        'pkgnum'      => 0,
-        'setup'       => $tax,
-        'recur'       => 0,
-        'sdate'       => '',
-        'edate'       => '',
-        'itemdesc'    => $itemdesc,
-        'itemcomment' => $cust_tax_adjustment->comment,
-        'cust_tax_adjustment' => $cust_tax_adjustment,
-        #'cust_bill_pkg_tax_location' => \@cust_bill_pkg_tax_location,
-      };
-
-    }
-
-    my $charged = sprintf('%.2f', ${ $total_setup{$pass} } + ${ $total_recur{$pass} } );
-
-    my @cust_bill = $self->cust_bill;
-    my $balance = $self->balance;
-    my $previous_balance = scalar(@cust_bill)
-                             ? ( $cust_bill[$#cust_bill]->billing_balance || 0 )
-                             : 0;
-
-    $previous_balance += $cust_bill[$#cust_bill]->charged
-      if scalar(@cust_bill);
-    #my $balance_adjustments =
-    #  sprintf('%.2f', $balance - $prior_prior_balance - $prior_charged);
-
-    #create the new invoice
-    my $cust_bill = new FS::cust_bill ( {
-      'custnum'             => $self->custnum,
-      '_date'               => ( $invoice_time ),
-      'charged'             => $charged,
-      'billing_balance'     => $balance,
-      'previous_balance'    => $previous_balance,
-      'invoice_terms'       => $options{'invoice_terms'},
-    } );
-    $error = $cust_bill->insert;
-    if ( $error ) {
-      $dbh->rollback if $oldAutoCommit;
-      return "can't create invoice for customer #". $self->custnum. ": $error";
-    }
-
-    foreach my $cust_bill_pkg ( @cust_bill_pkg ) {
-      $cust_bill_pkg->invnum($cust_bill->invnum); 
-      my $error = $cust_bill_pkg->insert;
-      if ( $error ) {
-        $dbh->rollback if $oldAutoCommit;
-        return "can't create invoice line item: $error";
-      }
-    }
-
-  } #foreach my $pass ( keys %cust_bill_pkg )
-
-  foreach my $hook ( @precommit_hooks ) { 
-    eval {
-      &{$hook}; #($self) ?
-    };
-    if ( $@ ) {
-      $dbh->rollback if $oldAutoCommit;
-      return "$@ running precommit hook $hook\n";
-    }
-  }
-  
-  $dbh->commit or die $dbh->errstr if $oldAutoCommit;
-  ''; #no error
-}
-
-#discard bundled packages of 0 value
-sub _omit_zero_value_bundles {
-
-  my @cust_bill_pkg = ();
-  my @cust_bill_pkg_bundle = ();
-  my $sum = 0;
-
-  foreach my $cust_bill_pkg ( @_ ) {
-    if (scalar(@cust_bill_pkg_bundle) && !$cust_bill_pkg->pkgpart_override) {
-      push @cust_bill_pkg, @cust_bill_pkg_bundle if $sum > 0;
-      @cust_bill_pkg_bundle = ();
-      $sum = 0;
-    }
-    $sum += $cust_bill_pkg->setup + $cust_bill_pkg->recur;
-    push @cust_bill_pkg_bundle, $cust_bill_pkg;
-  }
-  push @cust_bill_pkg, @cust_bill_pkg_bundle if $sum > 0;
-
-  (@cust_bill_pkg);
-
-}
-
-=item calculate_taxes LINEITEMREF TAXHASHREF INVOICE_TIME
-
-This is a weird one.  Perhaps it should not even be exposed.
-
-Generates tax line items (see L<FS::cust_bill_pkg>) for this customer.
-Usually used internally by bill method B<bill>.
-
-If there is an error, returns the error, otherwise returns reference to a
-list of line items suitable for insertion.
-
-=over 4
-
-=item LINEITEMREF
-
-An array ref of the line items being billed.
-
-=item TAXHASHREF
-
-A strange beast.  The keys to this hash are internal identifiers consisting
-of the name of the tax object type, a space, and its unique identifier ( e.g.
- 'cust_main_county 23' ).  The values of the hash are listrefs.  The first
-item in the list is the tax object.  The remaining items are either line
-items or floating point values (currency amounts).
-
-The taxes are calculated on this entity.  Calculated exemption records are
-transferred to the LINEITEMREF items on the assumption that they are related.
-
-Read the source.
-
-=item INVOICE_TIME
-
-This specifies the date appearing on the associated invoice.  Some
-jurisdictions (i.e. Texas) have tax exemptions which are date sensitive.
-
-=back
-
-=cut
-sub calculate_taxes {
-  my ($self, $cust_bill_pkg, $taxlisthash, $invoice_time) = @_;
-
-  my @tax_line_items = ();
-
-  warn "having a look at the taxes we found...\n" if $DEBUG > 2;
-
-  # keys are tax names (as printed on invoices / itemdesc )
-  # values are listrefs of taxlisthash keys (internal identifiers)
-  my %taxname = ();
-
-  # keys are taxlisthash keys (internal identifiers)
-  # values are (cumulative) amounts
-  my %tax = ();
-
-  # keys are taxlisthash keys (internal identifiers)
-  # values are listrefs of cust_bill_pkg_tax_location hashrefs
-  my %tax_location = ();
-
-  # keys are taxlisthash keys (internal identifiers)
-  # values are listrefs of cust_bill_pkg_tax_rate_location hashrefs
-  my %tax_rate_location = ();
-
-  foreach my $tax ( keys %$taxlisthash ) {
-    my $tax_object = shift @{ $taxlisthash->{$tax} };
-    warn "found ". $tax_object->taxname. " as $tax\n" if $DEBUG > 2;
-    warn " ". join('/', @{ $taxlisthash->{$tax} } ). "\n" if $DEBUG > 2;
-    my $hashref_or_error =
-      $tax_object->taxline( $taxlisthash->{$tax},
-                            'custnum'      => $self->custnum,
-                            'invoice_time' => $invoice_time
-                          );
-    return $hashref_or_error unless ref($hashref_or_error);
-
-    unshift @{ $taxlisthash->{$tax} }, $tax_object;
-
-    my $name   = $hashref_or_error->{'name'};
-    my $amount = $hashref_or_error->{'amount'};
-
-    #warn "adding $amount as $name\n";
-    $taxname{ $name } ||= [];
-    push @{ $taxname{ $name } }, $tax;
-
-    $tax{ $tax } += $amount;
-
-    $tax_location{ $tax } ||= [];
-    if ( $tax_object->get('pkgnum') || $tax_object->get('locationnum') ) {
-      push @{ $tax_location{ $tax }  },
-        {
-          'taxnum'      => $tax_object->taxnum, 
-          'taxtype'     => ref($tax_object),
-          'pkgnum'      => $tax_object->get('pkgnum'),
-          'locationnum' => $tax_object->get('locationnum'),
-          'amount'      => sprintf('%.2f', $amount ),
-        };
-    }
-
-    $tax_rate_location{ $tax } ||= [];
-    if ( ref($tax_object) eq 'FS::tax_rate' ) {
-      my $taxratelocationnum =
-        $tax_object->tax_rate_location->taxratelocationnum;
-      push @{ $tax_rate_location{ $tax }  },
-        {
-          'taxnum'             => $tax_object->taxnum, 
-          'taxtype'            => ref($tax_object),
-          'amount'             => sprintf('%.2f', $amount ),
-          'locationtaxid'      => $tax_object->location,
-          'taxratelocationnum' => $taxratelocationnum,
-        };
-    }
-
-  }
-
-  #move the cust_tax_exempt_pkg records to the cust_bill_pkgs we will commit
-  my %packagemap = map { $_->pkgnum => $_ } @$cust_bill_pkg;
-  foreach my $tax ( keys %$taxlisthash ) {
-    foreach ( @{ $taxlisthash->{$tax} }[1 ... scalar(@{ $taxlisthash->{$tax} })] ) {
-      next unless ref($_) eq 'FS::cust_bill_pkg';
-
-      push @{ $packagemap{$_->pkgnum}->_cust_tax_exempt_pkg }, 
-        splice( @{ $_->_cust_tax_exempt_pkg } );
-    }
-  }
-
-  #consolidate and create tax line items
-  warn "consolidating and generating...\n" if $DEBUG > 2;
-  foreach my $taxname ( keys %taxname ) {
-    my $tax = 0;
-    my %seen = ();
-    my @cust_bill_pkg_tax_location = ();
-    my @cust_bill_pkg_tax_rate_location = ();
-    warn "adding $taxname\n" if $DEBUG > 1;
-    foreach my $taxitem ( @{ $taxname{$taxname} } ) {
-      next if $seen{$taxitem}++;
-      warn "adding $tax{$taxitem}\n" if $DEBUG > 1;
-      $tax += $tax{$taxitem};
-      push @cust_bill_pkg_tax_location,
-        map { new FS::cust_bill_pkg_tax_location $_ }
-            @{ $tax_location{ $taxitem } };
-      push @cust_bill_pkg_tax_rate_location,
-        map { new FS::cust_bill_pkg_tax_rate_location $_ }
-            @{ $tax_rate_location{ $taxitem } };
-    }
-    next unless $tax;
-
-    $tax = sprintf('%.2f', $tax );
-  
-    my $pkg_category = qsearchs( 'pkg_category', { 'categoryname' => $taxname,
-                                                   'disabled'     => '',
-                                                 },
-                               );
-
-    my @display = ();
-    if ( $pkg_category and
-         $conf->config('invoice_latexsummary') ||
-         $conf->config('invoice_htmlsummary')
-       )
-    {
-
-      my %hash = (  'section' => $pkg_category->categoryname );
-      push @display, new FS::cust_bill_pkg_display { type => 'S', %hash };
-
-    }
-
-    push @tax_line_items, new FS::cust_bill_pkg {
-      'pkgnum'   => 0,
-      'setup'    => $tax,
-      'recur'    => 0,
-      'sdate'    => '',
-      'edate'    => '',
-      'itemdesc' => $taxname,
-      'display'  => \@display,
-      'cust_bill_pkg_tax_location' => \@cust_bill_pkg_tax_location,
-      'cust_bill_pkg_tax_rate_location' => \@cust_bill_pkg_tax_rate_location,
-    };
-
-  }
-
-  \@tax_line_items;
-}
-
-sub _make_lines {
-  my ($self, %params) = @_;
-
-  my $part_pkg = $params{part_pkg} or die "no part_pkg specified";
-  my $cust_pkg = $params{cust_pkg} or die "no cust_pkg specified";
-  my $precommit_hooks = $params{precommit_hooks} or die "no package specified";
-  my $cust_bill_pkgs = $params{line_items} or die "no line buffer specified";
-  my $total_setup = $params{setup} or die "no setup accumulator specified";
-  my $total_recur = $params{recur} or die "no recur accumulator specified";
-  my $taxlisthash = $params{tax_matrix} or die "no tax accumulator specified";
-  my $time = $params{'time'} or die "no time specified";
-  my (%options) = %{$params{options}};
-
-  my $dbh = dbh;
-  my $real_pkgpart = $params{real_pkgpart};
-  my %hash = $cust_pkg->hash;
-  my $old_cust_pkg = new FS::cust_pkg \%hash;
-
-  my @details = ();
-  my @discounts = ();
-  my $lineitems = 0;
-
-  $cust_pkg->pkgpart($part_pkg->pkgpart);
-
-  ###
-  # bill setup
-  ###
-
-  my $setup = 0;
-  my $unitsetup = 0;
-  if ( $options{'resetup'}
-       || ( ! $cust_pkg->setup
-            && ( ! $cust_pkg->start_date
-                 || $cust_pkg->start_date <= $time
-               )
-            && ( ! $conf->exists('disable_setup_suspended_pkgs')
-                 || ( $conf->exists('disable_setup_suspended_pkgs') &&
-                      ! $cust_pkg->getfield('susp')
-                    )
-               )
-          )
-    )
-  {
-    
-    warn "    bill setup\n" if $DEBUG > 1;
-    $lineitems++;
-
-    $setup = eval { $cust_pkg->calc_setup( $time, \@details ) };
-    return "$@ running calc_setup for $cust_pkg\n"
-      if $@;
-
-    $unitsetup = $cust_pkg->part_pkg->unit_setup || $setup; #XXX uuh
-
-    $cust_pkg->setfield('setup', $time)
-      unless $cust_pkg->setup;
-          #do need it, but it won't get written to the db
-          #|| $cust_pkg->pkgpart != $real_pkgpart;
-
-    $cust_pkg->setfield('start_date', '')
-      if $cust_pkg->start_date;
-
-  }
-
-  ###
-  # bill recurring fee
-  ### 
-
-  #XXX unit stuff here too
-  my $recur = 0;
-  my $unitrecur = 0;
-  my $sdate;
-  if (     ! $cust_pkg->get('susp')
-       and ! $cust_pkg->get('start_date')
-       and ( $part_pkg->getfield('freq') ne '0'
-             && ( $cust_pkg->getfield('bill') || 0 ) <= $time
-           )
-        || ( $part_pkg->plan eq 'voip_cdr'
-              && $part_pkg->option('bill_every_call')
-           )
-        || ( $options{cancel} )
-  ) {
-
-    # XXX should this be a package event?  probably.  events are called
-    # at collection time at the moment, though...
-    $part_pkg->reset_usage($cust_pkg, 'debug'=>$DEBUG)
-      if $part_pkg->can('reset_usage');
-      #don't want to reset usage just cause we want a line item??
-      #&& $part_pkg->pkgpart == $real_pkgpart;
-
-    warn "    bill recur\n" if $DEBUG > 1;
-    $lineitems++;
-
-    # XXX shared with $recur_prog
-    $sdate = ( $options{cancel} ? $cust_pkg->last_bill : $cust_pkg->bill )
-             || $cust_pkg->setup
-             || $time;
-
-    #over two params!  lets at least switch to a hashref for the rest...
-    my $increment_next_bill = ( $part_pkg->freq ne '0'
-                                && ( $cust_pkg->getfield('bill') || 0 ) <= $time
-                                && !$options{cancel}
-                              );
-    my %param = ( 'precommit_hooks'     => $precommit_hooks,
-                  'increment_next_bill' => $increment_next_bill,
-                  'discounts'           => \@discounts,
-                  'real_pkgpart'        => $real_pkgpart,
-                );
-
-    my $method = $options{cancel} ? 'calc_cancel' : 'calc_recur';
-    $recur = eval { $cust_pkg->$method( \$sdate, \@details, \%param ) };
-    return "$@ running $method for $cust_pkg\n"
-      if ( $@ );
-
-    if ( $increment_next_bill ) {
-
-      my $next_bill = $part_pkg->add_freq($sdate);
-      return "unparsable frequency: ". $part_pkg->freq
-        if $next_bill == -1;
-  
-      #pro-rating magic - if $recur_prog fiddled $sdate, want to use that
-      # only for figuring next bill date, nothing else, so, reset $sdate again
-      # here
-      $sdate = $cust_pkg->bill || $cust_pkg->setup || $time;
-      #no need, its in $hash{last_bill}# my $last_bill = $cust_pkg->last_bill;
-      $cust_pkg->last_bill($sdate);
-
-      $cust_pkg->setfield('bill', $next_bill );
-
-    }
-
-  }
-
-  warn "\$setup is undefined" unless defined($setup);
-  warn "\$recur is undefined" unless defined($recur);
-  warn "\$cust_pkg->bill is undefined" unless defined($cust_pkg->bill);
-  
-  ###
-  # If there's line items, create em cust_bill_pkg records
-  # If $cust_pkg has been modified, update it (if we're a real pkgpart)
-  ###
-
-  if ( $lineitems || $options{has_hidden} ) {
-
-    if ( $cust_pkg->modified && $cust_pkg->pkgpart == $real_pkgpart ) {
-      # hmm.. and if just the options are modified in some weird price plan?
-  
-      warn "  package ". $cust_pkg->pkgnum. " modified; updating\n"
-        if $DEBUG >1;
-  
-      my $error = $cust_pkg->replace( $old_cust_pkg,
-                                      'options' => { $cust_pkg->options },
-                                    );
-      return "Error modifying pkgnum ". $cust_pkg->pkgnum. ": $error"
-        if $error; #just in case
-    }
-  
-    $setup = sprintf( "%.2f", $setup );
-    $recur = sprintf( "%.2f", $recur );
-    if ( $setup < 0 && ! $conf->exists('allow_negative_charges') ) {
-      return "negative setup $setup for pkgnum ". $cust_pkg->pkgnum;
-    }
-    if ( $recur < 0 && ! $conf->exists('allow_negative_charges') ) {
-      return "negative recur $recur for pkgnum ". $cust_pkg->pkgnum;
-    }
-
-    if ( $setup != 0 ||
-         $recur != 0 ||
-         !$part_pkg->hidden && $options{has_hidden} ) #include some $0 lines
-    {
-
-      warn "    charges (setup=$setup, recur=$recur); adding line items\n"
-        if $DEBUG > 1;
-
-      my @cust_pkg_detail = map { $_->detail } $cust_pkg->cust_pkg_detail('I');
-      if ( $DEBUG > 1 ) {
-        warn "      adding customer package invoice detail: $_\n"
-          foreach @cust_pkg_detail;
-      }
-      push @details, @cust_pkg_detail;
-
-      my $cust_bill_pkg = new FS::cust_bill_pkg {
-        'pkgnum'    => $cust_pkg->pkgnum,
-        'setup'     => $setup,
-        'unitsetup' => $unitsetup,
-        'recur'     => $recur,
-        'unitrecur' => $unitrecur,
-        'quantity'  => $cust_pkg->quantity,
-        'details'   => \@details,
-        'discounts' => \@discounts,
-        'hidden'    => $part_pkg->hidden,
-      };
-
-      if ( $part_pkg->option('recur_temporality', 1) eq 'preceding' ) {
-        $cust_bill_pkg->sdate( $hash{last_bill} );
-        $cust_bill_pkg->edate( $sdate - 86399   ); #60s*60m*24h-1
-        $cust_bill_pkg->edate( $time ) if $options{cancel};
-      } else { #if ( $part_pkg->option('recur_temporality', 1) eq 'upcoming' ) {
-        $cust_bill_pkg->sdate( $sdate );
-        $cust_bill_pkg->edate( $cust_pkg->bill );
-        #$cust_bill_pkg->edate( $time ) if $options{cancel};
-      }
-
-      $cust_bill_pkg->pkgpart_override($part_pkg->pkgpart)
-        unless $part_pkg->pkgpart == $real_pkgpart;
-
-      $$total_setup += $setup;
-      $$total_recur += $recur;
-
-      ###
-      # handle taxes
-      ###
-
-      my $error = 
-        $self->_handle_taxes($part_pkg, $taxlisthash, $cust_bill_pkg, $cust_pkg, $options{invoice_time}, $real_pkgpart, \%options);
-      return $error if $error;
-
-      push @$cust_bill_pkgs, $cust_bill_pkg;
-
-    } #if $setup != 0 || $recur != 0
-      
-  } #if $line_items
-
-  '';
-
-}
-
-sub _handle_taxes {
-  my $self = shift;
-  my $part_pkg = shift;
-  my $taxlisthash = shift;
-  my $cust_bill_pkg = shift;
-  my $cust_pkg = shift;
-  my $invoice_time = shift;
-  my $real_pkgpart = shift;
-  my $options = shift;
-
-  my %cust_bill_pkg = ();
-  my %taxes = ();
-    
-  my @classes;
-  #push @classes, $cust_bill_pkg->usage_classes if $cust_bill_pkg->type eq 'U';
-  push @classes, $cust_bill_pkg->usage_classes if $cust_bill_pkg->usage;
-  push @classes, 'setup' if ($cust_bill_pkg->setup && !$options->{cancel});
-  push @classes, 'recur' if ($cust_bill_pkg->recur && !$options->{cancel});
-
-  if ( $self->tax !~ /Y/i && $self->payby ne 'COMP' ) {
-
-    if ( $conf->exists('enable_taxproducts')
-         && ( scalar($part_pkg->part_pkg_taxoverride)
-              || $part_pkg->has_taxproduct
-            )
-       )
-    {
-
-      if ( $conf->exists('tax-pkg_address') && $cust_pkg->locationnum ) {
-        return "fatal: Can't (yet) use tax-pkg_address with taxproducts";
-      }
-
-      foreach my $class (@classes) {
-        my $err_or_ref = $self->_gather_taxes( $part_pkg, $class );
-        return $err_or_ref unless ref($err_or_ref);
-        $taxes{$class} = $err_or_ref;
-      }
-
-      unless (exists $taxes{''}) {
-        my $err_or_ref = $self->_gather_taxes( $part_pkg, '' );
-        return $err_or_ref unless ref($err_or_ref);
-        $taxes{''} = $err_or_ref;
-      }
-
-    } else {
-
-      my @loc_keys = qw( city county state country );
-      my %taxhash;
-      if ( $conf->exists('tax-pkg_address') && $cust_pkg->locationnum ) {
-        my $cust_location = $cust_pkg->cust_location;
-        %taxhash = map { $_ => $cust_location->$_()    } @loc_keys;
-      } else {
-        my $prefix = 
-          ( $conf->exists('tax-ship_address') && length($self->ship_last) )
-          ? 'ship_'
-          : '';
-        %taxhash = map { $_ => $self->get("$prefix$_") } @loc_keys;
-      }
-
-      $taxhash{'taxclass'} = $part_pkg->taxclass;
-
-      my @taxes = ();
-      my %taxhash_elim = %taxhash;
-      my @elim = qw( city county state );
-      do { 
-
-        #first try a match with taxclass
-        @taxes = qsearch( 'cust_main_county', \%taxhash_elim );
-
-        if ( !scalar(@taxes) && $taxhash_elim{'taxclass'} ) {
-          #then try a match without taxclass
-          my %no_taxclass = %taxhash_elim;
-          $no_taxclass{ 'taxclass' } = '';
-          @taxes = qsearch( 'cust_main_county', \%no_taxclass );
-        }
-
-        $taxhash_elim{ shift(@elim) } = '';
-
-      } while ( !scalar(@taxes) && scalar(@elim) );
-
-      @taxes = grep { ! $_->taxname or ! $self->tax_exemption($_->taxname) }
-                    @taxes
-        if $self->cust_main_exemption; #just to be safe
-
-      if ( $conf->exists('tax-pkg_address') && $cust_pkg->locationnum ) {
-        foreach (@taxes) {
-          $_->set('pkgnum',      $cust_pkg->pkgnum );
-          $_->set('locationnum', $cust_pkg->locationnum );
-        }
-      }
-
-      $taxes{''} = [ @taxes ];
-      $taxes{'setup'} = [ @taxes ];
-      $taxes{'recur'} = [ @taxes ];
-      $taxes{$_} = [ @taxes ] foreach (@classes);
-
-      # # maybe eliminate this entirely, along with all the 0% records
-      # unless ( @taxes ) {
-      #   return
-      #     "fatal: can't find tax rate for state/county/country/taxclass ".
-      #     join('/', map $taxhash{$_}, qw(state county country taxclass) );
-      # }
-
-    } #if $conf->exists('enable_taxproducts') ...
-
-  }
- 
-  my @display = ();
-  my $separate = $conf->exists('separate_usage');
-  my $temp_pkg = new FS::cust_pkg { pkgpart => $real_pkgpart };
-  my $usage_mandate = $temp_pkg->part_pkg->option('usage_mandate', 'Hush!');
-  my $section = $temp_pkg->part_pkg->categoryname;
-  if ( $separate || $section || $usage_mandate ) {
-
-    my %hash = ( 'section' => $section );
-
-    $section = $temp_pkg->part_pkg->option('usage_section', 'Hush!');
-    my $summary = $temp_pkg->part_pkg->option('summarize_usage', 'Hush!');
-    if ( $separate ) {
-      push @display, new FS::cust_bill_pkg_display { type => 'S', %hash };
-      push @display, new FS::cust_bill_pkg_display { type => 'R', %hash };
-    } else {
-      push @display, new FS::cust_bill_pkg_display
-                       { type => '',
-                         %hash,
-                         ( ( $usage_mandate ) ? ( 'summary' => 'Y' ) : () ),
-                       };
-    }
-
-    if ($separate && $section && $summary) {
-      push @display, new FS::cust_bill_pkg_display { type    => 'U',
-                                                     summary => 'Y',
-                                                     %hash,
-                                                   };
-    }
-    if ($usage_mandate || $section && $summary) {
-      $hash{post_total} = 'Y';
-    }
-
-    if ($separate || $usage_mandate) {
-      $hash{section} = $section if ($separate || $usage_mandate);
-      push @display, new FS::cust_bill_pkg_display { type => 'U', %hash };
-    }
-
-  }
-  $cust_bill_pkg->set('display', \@display);
-
-  my %tax_cust_bill_pkg = $cust_bill_pkg->disintegrate;
-  foreach my $key (keys %tax_cust_bill_pkg) {
-    my @taxes = @{ $taxes{$key} || [] };
-    my $tax_cust_bill_pkg = $tax_cust_bill_pkg{$key};
-
-    my %localtaxlisthash = ();
-    foreach my $tax ( @taxes ) {
-
-      my $taxname = ref( $tax ). ' '. $tax->taxnum;
-#      $taxname .= ' pkgnum'. $cust_pkg->pkgnum.
-#                  ' locationnum'. $cust_pkg->locationnum
-#        if $conf->exists('tax-pkg_address') && $cust_pkg->locationnum;
-
-      $taxlisthash->{ $taxname } ||= [ $tax ];
-      push @{ $taxlisthash->{ $taxname  } }, $tax_cust_bill_pkg;
-
-      $localtaxlisthash{ $taxname } ||= [ $tax ];
-      push @{ $localtaxlisthash{ $taxname  } }, $tax_cust_bill_pkg;
-
-    }
-
-    warn "finding taxed taxes...\n" if $DEBUG > 2;
-    foreach my $tax ( keys %localtaxlisthash ) {
-      my $tax_object = shift @{ $localtaxlisthash{$tax} };
-      warn "found possible taxed tax ". $tax_object->taxname. " we call $tax\n"
-        if $DEBUG > 2;
-      next unless $tax_object->can('tax_on_tax');
-
-      foreach my $tot ( $tax_object->tax_on_tax( $self ) ) {
-        my $totname = ref( $tot ). ' '. $tot->taxnum;
-
-        warn "checking $totname which we call ". $tot->taxname. " as applicable\n"
-          if $DEBUG > 2;
-        next unless exists( $localtaxlisthash{ $totname } ); # only increase
-                                                             # existing taxes
-        warn "adding $totname to taxed taxes\n" if $DEBUG > 2;
-        my $hashref_or_error = 
-          $tax_object->taxline( $localtaxlisthash{$tax},
-                                'custnum'      => $self->custnum,
-                                'invoice_time' => $invoice_time,
-                              );
-        return $hashref_or_error
-          unless ref($hashref_or_error);
-        
-        $taxlisthash->{ $totname } ||= [ $tot ];
-        push @{ $taxlisthash->{ $totname  } }, $hashref_or_error->{amount};
-
-      }
-    }
-
-  }
-
-  '';
-}
-
-sub _gather_taxes {
-  my $self = shift;
-  my $part_pkg = shift;
-  my $class = shift;
-
-  my @taxes = ();
-  my $geocode = $self->geocode('cch');
-
-  my @taxclassnums = map { $_->taxclassnum }
-                     $part_pkg->part_pkg_taxoverride($class);
-
-  unless (@taxclassnums) {
-    @taxclassnums = map { $_->taxclassnum }
-                    grep { $_->taxable eq 'Y' }
-                    $part_pkg->part_pkg_taxrate('cch', $geocode, $class);
-  }
-  warn "Found taxclassnum values of ". join(',', @taxclassnums)
-    if $DEBUG;
-
-  my $extra_sql =
-    "AND (".
-    join(' OR ', map { "taxclassnum = $_" } @taxclassnums ). ")";
-
-  @taxes = qsearch({ 'table' => 'tax_rate',
-                     'hashref' => { 'geocode' => $geocode, },
-                     'extra_sql' => $extra_sql,
-                  })
-    if scalar(@taxclassnums);
-
-  warn "Found taxes ".
-       join(',', map{ ref($_). " ". $_->get($_->primary_key) } @taxes). "\n" 
-   if $DEBUG;
-
-  [ @taxes ];
-
-}
-
-=item collect [ HASHREF | OPTION => VALUE ... ]
-
-(Attempt to) collect money for this customer's outstanding invoices (see
-L<FS::cust_bill>).  Usually used after the bill method.
-
-Actions are now triggered by billing events; see L<FS::part_event> and the
-billing events web interface.  Old-style invoice events (see
-L<FS::part_bill_event>) have been deprecated.
-
-If there is an error, returns the error, otherwise returns false.
-
-Options are passed as name-value pairs.
-
-Currently available options are:
-
-=over 4
-
-=item invoice_time
-
-Use this time when deciding when to print invoices and late notices on those invoices.  The default is now.  It is specified as a UNIX timestamp; see L<perlfunc/"time">).  Also see L<Time::Local> and L<Date::Parse> for conversion functions.
-
-=item retry
-
-Retry card/echeck/LEC transactions even when not scheduled by invoice events.
-
-=item check_freq
-
-"1d" for the traditional, daily events (the default), or "1m" for the new monthly events (part_event.check_freq)
-
-=item quiet
-
-set true to surpress email card/ACH decline notices.
-
-=item debug
-
-Debugging level.  Default is 0 (no debugging), or can be set to 1 (passed-in options), 2 (traces progress), 3 (more information), or 4 (include full search queries)
-
-=back
-
-# =item payby
-#
-# allows for one time override of normal customer billing method
-
-=cut
-
-sub collect {
-  my( $self, %options ) = @_;
-  my $invoice_time = $options{'invoice_time'} || time;
-
-  #put below somehow?
-  local $SIG{HUP} = 'IGNORE';
-  local $SIG{INT} = 'IGNORE';
-  local $SIG{QUIT} = 'IGNORE';
-  local $SIG{TERM} = 'IGNORE';
-  local $SIG{TSTP} = 'IGNORE';
-  local $SIG{PIPE} = 'IGNORE';
-
-  my $oldAutoCommit = $FS::UID::AutoCommit;
-  local $FS::UID::AutoCommit = 0;
-  my $dbh = dbh;
-
-  $self->select_for_update; #mutex
-
-  if ( $DEBUG ) {
-    my $balance = $self->balance;
-    warn "$me collect customer ". $self->custnum. ": balance $balance\n"
-  }
-
-  if ( exists($options{'retry_card'}) ) {
-    carp 'retry_card option passed to collect is deprecated; use retry';
-    $options{'retry'} ||= $options{'retry_card'};
-  }
-  if ( exists($options{'retry'}) && $options{'retry'} ) {
-    my $error = $self->retry_realtime;
-    if ( $error ) {
-      $dbh->rollback if $oldAutoCommit;
-      return $error;
-    }
-  }
-
-  $dbh->commit or die $dbh->errstr if $oldAutoCommit;
-
-  #never want to roll back an event just because it returned an error
-  local $FS::UID::AutoCommit = 1; #$oldAutoCommit;
-
-  $self->do_cust_event(
-    'debug'      => ( $options{'debug'} || 0 ),
-    'time'       => $invoice_time,
-    'check_freq' => $options{'check_freq'},
-    'stage'      => 'collect',
-  );
-
-}
+Documentation on billing methods has been moved to
+L<FS::cust_main::Billing>.
 
 =item do_cust_event [ HASHREF | OPTION => VALUE ... ]
 
@@ -4380,1065 +3108,10 @@ sub retry_realtime {
 
 =cut
 
-=item realtime_collect [ OPTION => VALUE ... ]
-
-Runs a realtime credit card, ACH (electronic check) or phone bill transaction
-via a Business::OnlinePayment or Business::OnlineThirdPartyPayment realtime
-gateway.  See L<http://420.am/business-onlinepayment> and 
-L<http://420.am/business-onlinethirdpartypayment> for supported gateways.
-
-On failure returns an error message.
-
-Returns false or a hashref upon success.  The hashref contains keys popup_url reference, and collectitems.  The first is a URL to which a browser should be redirected for completion of collection.  The second is a reference id for the transaction suitable for the end user.  The collectitems is a reference to a list of name value pairs suitable for assigning to a html form and posted to popup_url.
-
-Available options are: I<method>, I<amount>, I<description>, I<invnum>, I<quiet>, I<paynum_ref>, I<payunique>, I<session_id>, I<pkgnum>
-
-I<method> is one of: I<CC>, I<ECHECK> and I<LEC>.  If none is specified
-then it is deduced from the customer record.
-
-If no I<amount> is specified, then the customer balance is used.
-
-The additional options I<payname>, I<address1>, I<address2>, I<city>, I<state>,
-I<zip>, I<payinfo> and I<paydate> are also available.  Any of these options,
-if set, will override the value from the customer record.
-
-I<description> is a free-text field passed to the gateway.  It defaults to
-the value defined by the business-onlinepayment-description configuration
-option, or "Internet services" if that is unset.
-
-If an I<invnum> is specified, this payment (if successful) is applied to the
-specified invoice.  If you don't specify an I<invnum> you might want to
-call the B<apply_payments> method or set the I<apply> option.
-
-I<apply> can be set to true to apply a resulting payment.
-
-I<quiet> can be set true to surpress email decline notices.
-
-I<paynum_ref> can be set to a scalar reference.  It will be filled in with the
-resulting paynum, if any.
-
-I<payunique> is a unique identifier for this payment.
-
-I<session_id> is a session identifier associated with this payment.
-
-I<depend_jobnum> allows payment capture to unlock export jobs
-
-=cut
-
-sub realtime_collect {
-  my( $self, %options ) = @_;
-
-  if ( $DEBUG ) {
-    warn "$me realtime_collect:\n";
-    warn "  $_ => $options{$_}\n" foreach keys %options;
-  }
-
-  $options{amount} = $self->balance unless exists( $options{amount} );
-  $options{method} = FS::payby->payby2bop($self->payby)
-    unless exists( $options{method} );
-
-  return $self->realtime_bop({%options});
-
-}
-
-=item realtime_bop { [ ARG => VALUE ... ] }
-
-Runs a realtime credit card, ACH (electronic check) or phone bill transaction
-via a Business::OnlinePayment realtime gateway.  See
-L<http://420.am/business-onlinepayment> for supported gateways.
-
-Required arguments in the hashref are I<method>, and I<amount>
-
-Available methods are: I<CC>, I<ECHECK> and I<LEC>
-
-Available optional arguments are: I<description>, I<invnum>, I<apply>, I<quiet>, I<paynum_ref>, I<payunique>, I<session_id>
+=item REALTIME BILLING METHODS
 
-The additional options I<payname>, I<address1>, I<address2>, I<city>, I<state>,
-I<zip>, I<payinfo> and I<paydate> are also available.  Any of these options,
-if set, will override the value from the customer record.
-
-I<description> is a free-text field passed to the gateway.  It defaults to
-the value defined by the business-onlinepayment-description configuration
-option, or "Internet services" if that is unset.
-
-If an I<invnum> is specified, this payment (if successful) is applied to the
-specified invoice.  If you don't specify an I<invnum> you might want to
-call the B<apply_payments> method or set the I<apply> option.
-
-I<apply> can be set to true to apply a resulting payment.
-
-I<quiet> can be set true to surpress email decline notices.
-
-I<paynum_ref> can be set to a scalar reference.  It will be filled in with the
-resulting paynum, if any.
-
-I<payunique> is a unique identifier for this payment.
-
-I<session_id> is a session identifier associated with this payment.
-
-I<depend_jobnum> allows payment capture to unlock export jobs
-
-(moved from cust_bill) (probably should get realtime_{card,ach,lec} here too)
-
-=cut
-
-# some helper routines
-sub _bop_recurring_billing {
-  my( $self, %opt ) = @_;
-
-  my $method = scalar($conf->config('credit_card-recurring_billing_flag'));
-
-  if ( defined($method) && $method eq 'transaction_is_recur' ) {
-
-    return 1 if $opt{'trans_is_recur'};
-
-  } else {
-
-    my %hash = ( 'custnum' => $self->custnum,
-                 'payby'   => 'CARD',
-               );
-
-    return 1 
-      if qsearch('cust_pay', { %hash, 'payinfo' => $opt{'payinfo'} } )
-      || qsearch('cust_pay', { %hash, 'paymask' => $self->mask_payinfo('CARD',
-                                                               $opt{'payinfo'} )
-                             } );
-
-  }
-
-  return 0;
-
-}
-
-sub _payment_gateway {
-  my ($self, $options) = @_;
-
-  $options->{payment_gateway} = $self->agent->payment_gateway( %$options )
-    unless exists($options->{payment_gateway});
-
-  $options->{payment_gateway};
-}
-
-sub _bop_auth {
-  my ($self, $options) = @_;
-
-  (
-    'login'    => $options->{payment_gateway}->gateway_username,
-    'password' => $options->{payment_gateway}->gateway_password,
-  );
-}
-
-sub _bop_options {
-  my ($self, $options) = @_;
-
-  $options->{payment_gateway}->gatewaynum
-    ? $options->{payment_gateway}->options
-    : @{ $options->{payment_gateway}->get('options') };
-
-}
-
-sub _bop_defaults {
-  my ($self, $options) = @_;
-
-  unless ( $options->{'description'} ) {
-    if ( $conf->exists('business-onlinepayment-description') ) {
-      my $dtempl = $conf->config('business-onlinepayment-description');
-
-      my $agent = $self->agent->agent;
-      #$pkgs... not here
-      $options->{'description'} = eval qq("$dtempl");
-    } else {
-      $options->{'description'} = 'Internet services';
-    }
-  }
-
-  $options->{payinfo} = $self->payinfo unless exists( $options->{payinfo} );
-  $options->{invnum} ||= '';
-  $options->{payname} = $self->payname unless exists( $options->{payname} );
-}
-
-sub _bop_content {
-  my ($self, $options) = @_;
-  my %content = ();
-
-  my $payip = exists($options->{'payip'}) ? $options->{'payip'} : $self->payip;
-  $content{customer_ip} = $payip if length($payip);
-
-  $content{invoice_number} = $options->{'invnum'}
-    if exists($options->{'invnum'}) && length($options->{'invnum'});
-
-  $content{email_customer} = 
-    (    $conf->exists('business-onlinepayment-email_customer')
-      || $conf->exists('business-onlinepayment-email-override') );
-      
-  my ($payname, $payfirst, $paylast);
-  if ( $options->{payname} && $options->{method} ne 'ECHECK' ) {
-    ($payname = $options->{payname}) =~
-      /^\s*([\w \,\.\-\']*)?\s+([\w\,\.\-\']+)\s*$/
-      or return "Illegal payname $payname";
-    ($payfirst, $paylast) = ($1, $2);
-  } else {
-    $payfirst = $self->getfield('first');
-    $paylast = $self->getfield('last');
-    $payname = "$payfirst $paylast";
-  }
-
-  $content{last_name} = $paylast;
-  $content{first_name} = $payfirst;
-
-  $content{name} = $payname;
-
-  $content{address} = exists($options->{'address1'})
-                        ? $options->{'address1'}
-                        : $self->address1;
-  my $address2 = exists($options->{'address2'})
-                   ? $options->{'address2'}
-                   : $self->address2;
-  $content{address} .= ", ". $address2 if length($address2);
-
-  $content{city} = exists($options->{city})
-                     ? $options->{city}
-                     : $self->city;
-  $content{state} = exists($options->{state})
-                      ? $options->{state}
-                      : $self->state;
-  $content{zip} = exists($options->{zip})
-                    ? $options->{'zip'}
-                    : $self->zip;
-  $content{country} = exists($options->{country})
-                        ? $options->{country}
-                        : $self->country;
-
-  $content{referer} = 'http://cleanwhisker.420.am/'; #XXX fix referer :/
-  $content{phone} = $self->daytime || $self->night;
-
-  \%content;
-}
-
-my %bop_method2payby = (
-  'CC'     => 'CARD',
-  'ECHECK' => 'CHEK',
-  'LEC'    => 'LECB',
-);
-
-sub realtime_bop {
-  my $self = shift;
-
-  my %options = ();
-  if (ref($_[0]) eq 'HASH') {
-    %options = %{$_[0]};
-  } else {
-    my ( $method, $amount ) = ( shift, shift );
-    %options = @_;
-    $options{method} = $method;
-    $options{amount} = $amount;
-  }
-  
-  if ( $DEBUG ) {
-    warn "$me realtime_bop (new): $options{method} $options{amount}\n";
-    warn "  $_ => $options{$_}\n" foreach keys %options;
-  }
-
-  return $self->fake_bop(%options) if $options{'fake'};
-
-  $self->_bop_defaults(\%options);
-
-  ###
-  # set trans_is_recur based on invnum if there is one
-  ###
-
-  my $trans_is_recur = 0;
-  if ( $options{'invnum'} ) {
-
-    my $cust_bill = qsearchs('cust_bill', { 'invnum' => $options{'invnum'} } );
-    die "invnum ". $options{'invnum'}. " not found" unless $cust_bill;
-
-    my @part_pkg =
-      map  { $_->part_pkg }
-      grep { $_ }
-      map  { $_->cust_pkg }
-      $cust_bill->cust_bill_pkg;
-
-    $trans_is_recur = 1
-      if grep { $_->freq ne '0' } @part_pkg;
-
-  }
-
-  ###
-  # select a gateway
-  ###
-
-  my $payment_gateway =  $self->_payment_gateway( \%options );
-  my $namespace = $payment_gateway->gateway_namespace;
-
-  eval "use $namespace";  
-  die $@ if $@;
-
-  ###
-  # check for banned credit card/ACH
-  ###
-
-  my $ban = qsearchs('banned_pay', {
-    'payby'   => $bop_method2payby{$options{method}},
-    'payinfo' => md5_base64($options{payinfo}),
-  } );
-  return "Banned credit card" if $ban;
-
-  ###
-  # massage data
-  ###
-
-  my $bop_content = $self->_bop_content(\%options);
-  return $bop_content unless ref($bop_content);
-
-  my @invoicing_list = $self->invoicing_list_emailonly;
-  if ( $conf->exists('emailinvoiceautoalways')
-       || $conf->exists('emailinvoiceauto') && ! @invoicing_list
-       || ( $conf->exists('emailinvoiceonly') && ! @invoicing_list ) ) {
-    push @invoicing_list, $self->all_emails;
-  }
-
-  my $email = ($conf->exists('business-onlinepayment-email-override'))
-              ? $conf->config('business-onlinepayment-email-override')
-              : $invoicing_list[0];
-
-  my $paydate = '';
-  my %content = ();
-  if ( $namespace eq 'Business::OnlinePayment' && $options{method} eq 'CC' ) {
-
-    $content{card_number} = $options{payinfo};
-    $paydate = exists($options{'paydate'})
-                    ? $options{'paydate'}
-                    : $self->paydate;
-    $paydate =~ /^\d{2}(\d{2})[\/\-](\d+)[\/\-]\d+$/;
-    $content{expiration} = "$2/$1";
-
-    my $paycvv = exists($options{'paycvv'})
-                   ? $options{'paycvv'}
-                   : $self->paycvv;
-    $content{cvv2} = $paycvv
-      if length($paycvv);
-
-    my $paystart_month = exists($options{'paystart_month'})
-                           ? $options{'paystart_month'}
-                           : $self->paystart_month;
-
-    my $paystart_year  = exists($options{'paystart_year'})
-                           ? $options{'paystart_year'}
-                           : $self->paystart_year;
-
-    $content{card_start} = "$paystart_month/$paystart_year"
-      if $paystart_month && $paystart_year;
-
-    my $payissue       = exists($options{'payissue'})
-                           ? $options{'payissue'}
-                           : $self->payissue;
-    $content{issue_number} = $payissue if $payissue;
-
-    if ( $self->_bop_recurring_billing( 'payinfo'        => $options{'payinfo'},
-                                        'trans_is_recur' => $trans_is_recur,
-                                      )
-       )
-    {
-      $content{recurring_billing} = 'YES';
-      $content{acct_code} = 'rebill'
-        if $conf->exists('credit_card-recurring_billing_acct_code');
-    }
-
-  } elsif ( $namespace eq 'Business::OnlinePayment' && $options{method} eq 'ECHECK' ){
-    ( $content{account_number}, $content{routing_code} ) =
-      split('@', $options{payinfo});
-    $content{bank_name} = $options{payname};
-    $content{bank_state} = exists($options{'paystate'})
-                             ? $options{'paystate'}
-                             : $self->getfield('paystate');
-    $content{account_type} = exists($options{'paytype'})
-                               ? uc($options{'paytype'}) || 'CHECKING'
-                               : uc($self->getfield('paytype')) || 'CHECKING';
-    $content{account_name} = $self->getfield('first'). ' '.
-                             $self->getfield('last');
-
-    $content{customer_org} = $self->company ? 'B' : 'I';
-    $content{state_id}       = exists($options{'stateid'})
-                                 ? $options{'stateid'}
-                                 : $self->getfield('stateid');
-    $content{state_id_state} = exists($options{'stateid_state'})
-                                 ? $options{'stateid_state'}
-                                 : $self->getfield('stateid_state');
-    $content{customer_ssn} = exists($options{'ss'})
-                               ? $options{'ss'}
-                               : $self->ss;
-  } elsif ( $namespace eq 'Business::OnlinePayment' && $options{method} eq 'LEC' ) {
-    $content{phone} = $options{payinfo};
-  } elsif ( $namespace eq 'Business::OnlineThirdPartyPayment' ) {
-    #move along
-  } else {
-    #die an evil death
-  }
-
-  ###
-  # run transaction(s)
-  ###
-
-  my $balance = exists( $options{'balance'} )
-                  ? $options{'balance'}
-                  : $self->balance;
-
-  $self->select_for_update; #mutex ... just until we get our pending record in
-
-  #the checks here are intended to catch concurrent payments
-  #double-form-submission prevention is taken care of in cust_pay_pending::check
-
-  #check the balance
-  return "The customer's balance has changed; $options{method} transaction aborted."
-    if $self->balance < $balance;
-    #&& $self->balance < $options{amount}; #might as well anyway?
-
-  #also check and make sure there aren't *other* pending payments for this cust
-
-  my @pending = qsearch('cust_pay_pending', {
-    'custnum' => $self->custnum,
-    'status'  => { op=>'!=', value=>'done' } 
-  });
-  return "A payment is already being processed for this customer (".
-         join(', ', map 'paypendingnum '. $_->paypendingnum, @pending ).
-         "); $options{method} transaction aborted."
-    if scalar(@pending);
-
-  #okay, good to go, if we're a duplicate, cust_pay_pending will kick us out
-
-  my $cust_pay_pending = new FS::cust_pay_pending {
-    'custnum'           => $self->custnum,
-    #'invnum'            => $options{'invnum'},
-    'paid'              => $options{amount},
-    '_date'             => '',
-    'payby'             => $bop_method2payby{$options{method}},
-    'payinfo'           => $options{payinfo},
-    'paydate'           => $paydate,
-    'recurring_billing' => $content{recurring_billing},
-    'pkgnum'            => $options{'pkgnum'},
-    'status'            => 'new',
-    'gatewaynum'        => $payment_gateway->gatewaynum || '',
-    'session_id'        => $options{session_id} || '',
-    'jobnum'            => $options{depend_jobnum} || '',
-  };
-  $cust_pay_pending->payunique( $options{payunique} )
-    if defined($options{payunique}) && length($options{payunique});
-  my $cpp_new_err = $cust_pay_pending->insert; #mutex lost when this is inserted
-  return $cpp_new_err if $cpp_new_err;
-
-  my( $action1, $action2 ) =
-    split( /\s*\,\s*/, $payment_gateway->gateway_action );
-
-  my $transaction = new $namespace( $payment_gateway->gateway_module,
-                                    $self->_bop_options(\%options),
-                                  );
-
-  $transaction->content(
-    'type'           => $options{method},
-    $self->_bop_auth(\%options),          
-    'action'         => $action1,
-    'description'    => $options{'description'},
-    'amount'         => $options{amount},
-    #'invoice_number' => $options{'invnum'},
-    'customer_id'    => $self->custnum,
-    %$bop_content,
-    'reference'      => $cust_pay_pending->paypendingnum, #for now
-    'email'          => $email,
-    %content, #after
-  );
-
-  $cust_pay_pending->status('pending');
-  my $cpp_pending_err = $cust_pay_pending->replace;
-  return $cpp_pending_err if $cpp_pending_err;
-
-  #config?
-  my $BOP_TESTING = 0;
-  my $BOP_TESTING_SUCCESS = 1;
-
-  unless ( $BOP_TESTING ) {
-    $transaction->test_transaction(1)
-      if $conf->exists('business-onlinepayment-test_transaction');
-    $transaction->submit();
-  } else {
-    if ( $BOP_TESTING_SUCCESS ) {
-      $transaction->is_success(1);
-      $transaction->authorization('fake auth');
-    } else {
-      $transaction->is_success(0);
-      $transaction->error_message('fake failure');
-    }
-  }
-
-  if ( $transaction->is_success() && $namespace eq 'Business::OnlineThirdPartyPayment' ) {
-
-    return { reference => $cust_pay_pending->paypendingnum,
-             map { $_ => $transaction->$_ } qw ( popup_url collectitems ) };
-
-  } elsif ( $transaction->is_success() && $action2 ) {
-
-    $cust_pay_pending->status('authorized');
-    my $cpp_authorized_err = $cust_pay_pending->replace;
-    return $cpp_authorized_err if $cpp_authorized_err;
-
-    my $auth = $transaction->authorization;
-    my $ordernum = $transaction->can('order_number')
-                   ? $transaction->order_number
-                   : '';
-
-    my $capture =
-      new Business::OnlinePayment( $payment_gateway->gateway_module,
-                                   $self->_bop_options(\%options),
-                                 );
-
-    my %capture = (
-      %content,
-      type           => $options{method},
-      action         => $action2,
-      $self->_bop_auth(\%options),          
-      order_number   => $ordernum,
-      amount         => $options{amount},
-      authorization  => $auth,
-      description    => $options{'description'},
-    );
-
-    foreach my $field (qw( authorization_source_code returned_ACI
-                           transaction_identifier validation_code           
-                           transaction_sequence_num local_transaction_date    
-                           local_transaction_time AVS_result_code          )) {
-      $capture{$field} = $transaction->$field() if $transaction->can($field);
-    }
-
-    $capture->content( %capture );
-
-    $capture->test_transaction(1)
-      if $conf->exists('business-onlinepayment-test_transaction');
-    $capture->submit();
-
-    unless ( $capture->is_success ) {
-      my $e = "Authorization successful but capture failed, custnum #".
-              $self->custnum. ': '.  $capture->result_code.
-              ": ". $capture->error_message;
-      warn $e;
-      return $e;
-    }
-
-  }
-
-  ###
-  # remove paycvv after initial transaction
-  ###
-
-  #false laziness w/misc/process/payment.cgi - check both to make sure working
-  # correctly
-  if ( length($self->paycvv)
-       && ! grep { $_ eq cardtype($options{payinfo}) } $conf->config('cvv-save')
-  ) {
-    my $error = $self->remove_cvv;
-    if ( $error ) {
-      warn "WARNING: error removing cvv: $error\n";
-    }
-  }
-
-  ###
-  # Tokenize
-  ###
-
-
-  if ( $transaction->can('card_token') && $transaction->card_token ) {
-
-    $self->card_token($transaction->card_token);
-
-    if ( $options{'payinfo'} eq $self->payinfo ) {
-      $self->payinfo($transaction->card_token);
-      my $error = $self->replace;
-      if ( $error ) {
-        warn "WARNING: error storing token: $error, but proceeding anyway\n";
-      }
-    }
-
-  }
-
-  ###
-  # result handling
-  ###
-
-  $self->_realtime_bop_result( $cust_pay_pending, $transaction, %options );
-
-}
-
-=item fake_bop
-
-=cut
-
-sub fake_bop {
-  my $self = shift;
-
-  my %options = ();
-  if (ref($_[0]) eq 'HASH') {
-    %options = %{$_[0]};
-  } else {
-    my ( $method, $amount ) = ( shift, shift );
-    %options = @_;
-    $options{method} = $method;
-    $options{amount} = $amount;
-  }
-  
-  if ( $options{'fake_failure'} ) {
-     return "Error: No error; test failure requested with fake_failure";
-  }
-
-  #my $paybatch = '';
-  #if ( $payment_gateway->gatewaynum ) { # agent override
-  #  $paybatch = $payment_gateway->gatewaynum. '-';
-  #}
-  #
-  #$paybatch .= "$processor:". $transaction->authorization;
-  #
-  #$paybatch .= ':'. $transaction->order_number
-  #  if $transaction->can('order_number')
-  #  && length($transaction->order_number);
-
-  my $paybatch = 'FakeProcessor:54:32';
-
-  my $cust_pay = new FS::cust_pay ( {
-     'custnum'  => $self->custnum,
-     'invnum'   => $options{'invnum'},
-     'paid'     => $options{amount},
-     '_date'    => '',
-     'payby'    => $bop_method2payby{$options{method}},
-     #'payinfo'  => $payinfo,
-     'payinfo'  => '4111111111111111',
-     'paybatch' => $paybatch,
-     #'paydate'  => $paydate,
-     'paydate'  => '2012-05-01',
-  } );
-  $cust_pay->payunique( $options{payunique} ) if length($options{payunique});
-
-  my $error = $cust_pay->insert($options{'manual'} ? ( 'manual' => 1 ) : () );
-
-  if ( $error ) {
-    $cust_pay->invnum(''); #try again with no specific invnum
-    my $error2 = $cust_pay->insert( $options{'manual'} ?
-                                    ( 'manual' => 1 ) : ()
-                                  );
-    if ( $error2 ) {
-      # gah, even with transactions.
-      my $e = 'WARNING: Card/ACH debited but database not updated - '.
-              "error inserting (fake!) payment: $error2".
-              " (previously tried insert with invnum #$options{'invnum'}" .
-              ": $error )";
-      warn $e;
-      return $e;
-    }
-  }
-
-  if ( $options{'paynum_ref'} ) {
-    ${ $options{'paynum_ref'} } = $cust_pay->paynum;
-  }
-
-  return ''; #no error
-
-}
-
-
-# item _realtime_bop_result CUST_PAY_PENDING, BOP_OBJECT [ OPTION => VALUE ... ]
-# 
-# Wraps up processing of a realtime credit card, ACH (electronic check) or
-# phone bill transaction.
-
-sub _realtime_bop_result {
-  my( $self, $cust_pay_pending, $transaction, %options ) = @_;
-  if ( $DEBUG ) {
-    warn "$me _realtime_bop_result: pending transaction ".
-      $cust_pay_pending->paypendingnum. "\n";
-    warn "  $_ => $options{$_}\n" foreach keys %options;
-  }
-
-  my $payment_gateway = $options{payment_gateway}
-    or return "no payment gateway in arguments to _realtime_bop_result";
-
-  $cust_pay_pending->status($transaction->is_success() ? 'captured' : 'declined');
-  my $cpp_captured_err = $cust_pay_pending->replace;
-  return $cpp_captured_err if $cpp_captured_err;
-
-  if ( $transaction->is_success() ) {
-
-    my $paybatch = '';
-    if ( $payment_gateway->gatewaynum ) { # agent override
-      $paybatch = $payment_gateway->gatewaynum. '-';
-    }
-
-    $paybatch .= $payment_gateway->gateway_module. ":".
-      $transaction->authorization;
-
-    $paybatch .= ':'. $transaction->order_number
-      if $transaction->can('order_number')
-      && length($transaction->order_number);
-
-    my $cust_pay = new FS::cust_pay ( {
-       'custnum'  => $self->custnum,
-       'invnum'   => $options{'invnum'},
-       'paid'     => $cust_pay_pending->paid,
-       '_date'    => '',
-       'payby'    => $cust_pay_pending->payby,
-       'payinfo'  => $options{'payinfo'},
-       'paybatch' => $paybatch,
-       'paydate'  => $cust_pay_pending->paydate,
-       'pkgnum'   => $cust_pay_pending->pkgnum,
-    } );
-    #doesn't hurt to know, even though the dup check is in cust_pay_pending now
-    $cust_pay->payunique( $options{payunique} )
-      if defined($options{payunique}) && length($options{payunique});
-
-    my $oldAutoCommit = $FS::UID::AutoCommit;
-    local $FS::UID::AutoCommit = 0;
-    my $dbh = dbh;
-
-    #start a transaction, insert the cust_pay and set cust_pay_pending.status to done in a single transction
-
-    my $error = $cust_pay->insert($options{'manual'} ? ( 'manual' => 1 ) : () );
-
-    if ( $error ) {
-      $cust_pay->invnum(''); #try again with no specific invnum
-      my $error2 = $cust_pay->insert( $options{'manual'} ?
-                                      ( 'manual' => 1 ) : ()
-                                    );
-      if ( $error2 ) {
-        # gah.  but at least we have a record of the state we had to abort in
-        # from cust_pay_pending now.
-        my $e = "WARNING: $options{method} captured but payment not recorded -".
-                " error inserting payment (". $payment_gateway->gateway_module.
-                "): $error2".
-                " (previously tried insert with invnum #$options{'invnum'}" .
-                ": $error ) - pending payment saved as paypendingnum ".
-                $cust_pay_pending->paypendingnum. "\n";
-        warn $e;
-        return $e;
-      }
-    }
-
-    my $jobnum = $cust_pay_pending->jobnum;
-    if ( $jobnum ) {
-       my $placeholder = qsearchs( 'queue', { 'jobnum' => $jobnum } );
-      
-       unless ( $placeholder ) {
-         $dbh->rollback or die $dbh->errstr if $oldAutoCommit;
-         my $e = "WARNING: $options{method} captured but job $jobnum not ".
-             "found for paypendingnum ". $cust_pay_pending->paypendingnum. "\n";
-         warn $e;
-         return $e;
-       }
-
-       $error = $placeholder->delete;
-
-       if ( $error ) {
-         $dbh->rollback or die $dbh->errstr if $oldAutoCommit;
-         my $e = "WARNING: $options{method} captured but could not delete ".
-              "job $jobnum for paypendingnum ".
-              $cust_pay_pending->paypendingnum. ": $error\n";
-         warn $e;
-         return $e;
-       }
-
-    }
-    
-    if ( $options{'paynum_ref'} ) {
-      ${ $options{'paynum_ref'} } = $cust_pay->paynum;
-    }
-
-    $cust_pay_pending->status('done');
-    $cust_pay_pending->statustext('captured');
-    $cust_pay_pending->paynum($cust_pay->paynum);
-    my $cpp_done_err = $cust_pay_pending->replace;
-
-    if ( $cpp_done_err ) {
-
-      $dbh->rollback or die $dbh->errstr if $oldAutoCommit;
-      my $e = "WARNING: $options{method} captured but payment not recorded - ".
-              "error updating status for paypendingnum ".
-              $cust_pay_pending->paypendingnum. ": $cpp_done_err \n";
-      warn $e;
-      return $e;
-
-    } else {
-
-      $dbh->commit or die $dbh->errstr if $oldAutoCommit;
-
-      if ( $options{'apply'} ) {
-        my $apply_error = $self->apply_payments_and_credits;
-        if ( $apply_error ) {
-          warn "WARNING: error applying payment: $apply_error\n";
-          #but we still should return no error cause the payment otherwise went
-          #through...
-        }
-      }
-
-      return ''; #no error
-
-    }
-
-  } else {
-
-    my $perror = $payment_gateway->gateway_module. " error: ".
-      $transaction->error_message;
-
-    my $jobnum = $cust_pay_pending->jobnum;
-    if ( $jobnum ) {
-       my $placeholder = qsearchs( 'queue', { 'jobnum' => $jobnum } );
-      
-       if ( $placeholder ) {
-         my $error = $placeholder->depended_delete;
-         $error ||= $placeholder->delete;
-         warn "error removing provisioning jobs after declined paypendingnum ".
-           $cust_pay_pending->paypendingnum. "\n";
-       } else {
-         my $e = "error finding job $jobnum for declined paypendingnum ".
-              $cust_pay_pending->paypendingnum. "\n";
-         warn $e;
-       }
-
-    }
-    
-    unless ( $transaction->error_message ) {
-
-      my $t_response;
-      if ( $transaction->can('response_page') ) {
-        $t_response = {
-                        'page'    => ( $transaction->can('response_page')
-                                         ? $transaction->response_page
-                                         : ''
-                                     ),
-                        'code'    => ( $transaction->can('response_code')
-                                         ? $transaction->response_code
-                                         : ''
-                                     ),
-                        'headers' => ( $transaction->can('response_headers')
-                                         ? $transaction->response_headers
-                                         : ''
-                                     ),
-                      };
-      } else {
-        $t_response .=
-          "No additional debugging information available for ".
-            $payment_gateway->gateway_module;
-      }
-
-      $perror .= "No error_message returned from ".
-                   $payment_gateway->gateway_module. " -- ".
-                 ( ref($t_response) ? Dumper($t_response) : $t_response );
-
-    }
-
-    if ( !$options{'quiet'} && !$realtime_bop_decline_quiet
-         && $conf->exists('emaildecline')
-         && grep { $_ ne 'POST' } $self->invoicing_list
-         && ! grep { $transaction->error_message =~ /$_/ }
-                   $conf->config('emaildecline-exclude')
-    ) {
-
-      # Send a decline alert to the customer.
-      my $msgnum = $conf->config('decline_msgnum', $self->agentnum);
-      my $error = '';
-      if ( $msgnum ) {
-        # include the raw error message in the transaction state
-        $cust_pay_pending->setfield('error', $transaction->error_message);
-        my $msg_template = qsearchs('msg_template', { msgnum => $msgnum });
-        $error = $msg_template->send( 'cust_main' => $self,
-                                      'object'    => $cust_pay_pending );
-      }
-      else { #!$msgnum
-
-        my @templ = $conf->config('declinetemplate');
-        my $template = new Text::Template (
-          TYPE   => 'ARRAY',
-          SOURCE => [ map "$_\n", @templ ],
-        ) or return "($perror) can't create template: $Text::Template::ERROR";
-        $template->compile()
-          or return "($perror) can't compile template: $Text::Template::ERROR";
-
-        my $templ_hash = {
-          'company_name'    =>
-            scalar( $conf->config('company_name', $self->agentnum ) ),
-          'company_address' =>
-            join("\n", $conf->config('company_address', $self->agentnum ) ),
-          'error'           => $transaction->error_message,
-        };
-
-        my $error = send_email(
-          'from'    => $conf->config('invoice_from', $self->agentnum ),
-          'to'      => [ grep { $_ ne 'POST' } $self->invoicing_list ],
-          'subject' => 'Your payment could not be processed',
-          'body'    => [ $template->fill_in(HASH => $templ_hash) ],
-        );
-      }
-
-      $perror .= " (also received error sending decline notification: $error)"
-        if $error;
-
-    }
-
-    $cust_pay_pending->status('done');
-    $cust_pay_pending->statustext("declined: $perror");
-    my $cpp_done_err = $cust_pay_pending->replace;
-    if ( $cpp_done_err ) {
-      my $e = "WARNING: $options{method} declined but pending payment not ".
-              "resolved - error updating status for paypendingnum ".
-              $cust_pay_pending->paypendingnum. ": $cpp_done_err \n";
-      warn $e;
-      $perror = "$e ($perror)";
-    }
-
-    return $perror;
-  }
-
-}
-
-=item realtime_botpp_capture CUST_PAY_PENDING [ OPTION => VALUE ... ]
-
-Verifies successful third party processing of a realtime credit card,
-ACH (electronic check) or phone bill transaction via a
-Business::OnlineThirdPartyPayment realtime gateway.  See
-L<http://420.am/business-onlinethirdpartypayment> for supported gateways.
-
-Available options are: I<description>, I<invnum>, I<quiet>, I<paynum_ref>, I<payunique>
-
-The additional options I<payname>, I<city>, I<state>,
-I<zip>, I<payinfo> and I<paydate> are also available.  Any of these options,
-if set, will override the value from the customer record.
-
-I<description> is a free-text field passed to the gateway.  It defaults to
-"Internet services".
-
-If an I<invnum> is specified, this payment (if successful) is applied to the
-specified invoice.  If you don't specify an I<invnum> you might want to
-call the B<apply_payments> method.
-
-I<quiet> can be set true to surpress email decline notices.
-
-I<paynum_ref> can be set to a scalar reference.  It will be filled in with the
-resulting paynum, if any.
-
-I<payunique> is a unique identifier for this payment.
-
-Returns a hashref containing elements bill_error (which will be undefined
-upon success) and session_id of any associated session.
-
-=cut
-
-sub realtime_botpp_capture {
-  my( $self, $cust_pay_pending, %options ) = @_;
-  if ( $DEBUG ) {
-    warn "$me realtime_botpp_capture: pending transaction $cust_pay_pending\n";
-    warn "  $_ => $options{$_}\n" foreach keys %options;
-  }
-
-  eval "use Business::OnlineThirdPartyPayment";  
-  die $@ if $@;
-
-  ###
-  # select the gateway
-  ###
-
-  my $method = FS::payby->payby2bop($cust_pay_pending->payby);
-
-  my $payment_gateway = $cust_pay_pending->gatewaynum
-    ? qsearchs( 'payment_gateway',
-                { gatewaynum => $cust_pay_pending->gatewaynum }
-              )
-    : $self->agent->payment_gateway( 'method' => $method,
-                                     # 'invnum'  => $cust_pay_pending->invnum,
-                                     # 'payinfo' => $cust_pay_pending->payinfo,
-                                   );
-
-  $options{payment_gateway} = $payment_gateway; # for the helper subs
-
-  ###
-  # massage data
-  ###
-
-  my @invoicing_list = $self->invoicing_list_emailonly;
-  if ( $conf->exists('emailinvoiceautoalways')
-       || $conf->exists('emailinvoiceauto') && ! @invoicing_list
-       || ( $conf->exists('emailinvoiceonly') && ! @invoicing_list ) ) {
-    push @invoicing_list, $self->all_emails;
-  }
-
-  my $email = ($conf->exists('business-onlinepayment-email-override'))
-              ? $conf->config('business-onlinepayment-email-override')
-              : $invoicing_list[0];
-
-  my %content = ();
-
-  $content{email_customer} = 
-    (    $conf->exists('business-onlinepayment-email_customer')
-      || $conf->exists('business-onlinepayment-email-override') );
-      
-  ###
-  # run transaction(s)
-  ###
-
-  my $transaction =
-    new Business::OnlineThirdPartyPayment( $payment_gateway->gateway_module,
-                                           $self->_bop_options(\%options),
-                                         );
-
-  $transaction->reference({ %options }); 
-
-  $transaction->content(
-    'type'           => $method,
-    $self->_bop_auth(\%options),
-    'action'         => 'Post Authorization',
-    'description'    => $options{'description'},
-    'amount'         => $cust_pay_pending->paid,
-    #'invoice_number' => $options{'invnum'},
-    'customer_id'    => $self->custnum,
-    'referer'        => 'http://cleanwhisker.420.am/',
-    'reference'      => $cust_pay_pending->paypendingnum,
-    'email'          => $email,
-    'phone'          => $self->daytime || $self->night,
-    %content, #after
-    # plus whatever is required for bogus capture avoidance
-  );
-
-  $transaction->submit();
-
-  my $error =
-    $self->_realtime_bop_result( $cust_pay_pending, $transaction, %options );
-
-  {
-    bill_error => $error,
-    session_id => $cust_pay_pending->session_id,
-  }
-
-}
-
-=item default_payment_gateway DEPRECATED -- use agent->payment_gateway
-
-=cut
-
-sub default_payment_gateway {
-  my( $self, $method ) = @_;
-
-  die "Real-time processing not enabled\n"
-    unless $conf->exists('business-onlinepayment');
-
-  #warn "default_payment_gateway deprecated -- use agent->payment_gateway\n";
-
-  #load up config
-  my $bop_config = 'business-onlinepayment';
-  $bop_config .= '-ach'
-    if $method =~ /^(ECHECK|CHEK)$/ && $conf->exists($bop_config. '-ach');
-  my ( $processor, $login, $password, $action, @bop_options ) =
-    $conf->config($bop_config);
-  $action ||= 'normal authorization';
-  pop @bop_options if scalar(@bop_options) % 2 && $bop_options[-1] =~ /^\s*$/;
-  die "No real-time processor is enabled - ".
-      "did you set the business-onlinepayment configuration value?\n"
-    unless $processor;
-
-  ( $processor, $login, $password, $action, @bop_options )
-}
+Documentation on realtime billing methods has been moved to
+L<FS::cust_main::Billing_Realtime>.
 
 =item remove_cvv
 
@@ -5458,332 +3131,6 @@ sub remove_cvv {
   '';
 }
 
-=item realtime_refund_bop METHOD [ OPTION => VALUE ... ]
-
-Refunds a realtime credit card, ACH (electronic check) or phone bill transaction
-via a Business::OnlinePayment realtime gateway.  See
-L<http://420.am/business-onlinepayment> for supported gateways.
-
-Available methods are: I<CC>, I<ECHECK> and I<LEC>
-
-Available options are: I<amount>, I<reason>, I<paynum>, I<paydate>
-
-Most gateways require a reference to an original payment transaction to refund,
-so you probably need to specify a I<paynum>.
-
-I<amount> defaults to the original amount of the payment if not specified.
-
-I<reason> specifies a reason for the refund.
-
-I<paydate> specifies the expiration date for a credit card overriding the
-value from the customer record or the payment record. Specified as yyyy-mm-dd
-
-Implementation note: If I<amount> is unspecified or equal to the amount of the
-orignal payment, first an attempt is made to "void" the transaction via
-the gateway (to cancel a not-yet settled transaction) and then if that fails,
-the normal attempt is made to "refund" ("credit") the transaction via the
-gateway is attempted.
-
-#The additional options I<payname>, I<address1>, I<address2>, I<city>, I<state>,
-#I<zip>, I<payinfo> and I<paydate> are also available.  Any of these options,
-#if set, will override the value from the customer record.
-
-#If an I<invnum> is specified, this payment (if successful) is applied to the
-#specified invoice.  If you don't specify an I<invnum> you might want to
-#call the B<apply_payments> method.
-
-=cut
-
-#some false laziness w/realtime_bop, not enough to make it worth merging
-#but some useful small subs should be pulled out
-sub realtime_refund_bop {
-  my $self = shift;
-
-  my %options = ();
-  if (ref($_[0]) eq 'HASH') {
-    %options = %{$_[0]};
-  } else {
-    my $method = shift;
-    %options = @_;
-    $options{method} = $method;
-  }
-
-  if ( $DEBUG ) {
-    warn "$me realtime_refund_bop (new): $options{method} refund\n";
-    warn "  $_ => $options{$_}\n" foreach keys %options;
-  }
-
-  ###
-  # look up the original payment and optionally a gateway for that payment
-  ###
-
-  my $cust_pay = '';
-  my $amount = $options{'amount'};
-
-  my( $processor, $login, $password, @bop_options, $namespace ) ;
-  my( $auth, $order_number ) = ( '', '', '' );
-
-  if ( $options{'paynum'} ) {
-
-    warn "  paynum: $options{paynum}\n" if $DEBUG > 1;
-    $cust_pay = qsearchs('cust_pay', { paynum=>$options{'paynum'} } )
-      or return "Unknown paynum $options{'paynum'}";
-    $amount ||= $cust_pay->paid;
-
-    $cust_pay->paybatch =~ /^((\d+)\-)?(\w+):\s*([\w\-\/ ]*)(:([\w\-]+))?$/
-      or return "Can't parse paybatch for paynum $options{'paynum'}: ".
-                $cust_pay->paybatch;
-    my $gatewaynum = '';
-    ( $gatewaynum, $processor, $auth, $order_number ) = ( $2, $3, $4, $6 );
-
-    if ( $gatewaynum ) { #gateway for the payment to be refunded
-
-      my $payment_gateway =
-        qsearchs('payment_gateway', { 'gatewaynum' => $gatewaynum } );
-      die "payment gateway $gatewaynum not found"
-        unless $payment_gateway;
-
-      $processor   = $payment_gateway->gateway_module;
-      $login       = $payment_gateway->gateway_username;
-      $password    = $payment_gateway->gateway_password;
-      $namespace   = $payment_gateway->gateway_namespace;
-      @bop_options = $payment_gateway->options;
-
-    } else { #try the default gateway
-
-      my $conf_processor;
-      my $payment_gateway =
-        $self->agent->payment_gateway('method' => $options{method});
-
-      ( $conf_processor, $login, $password, $namespace ) =
-        map { my $method = "gateway_$_"; $payment_gateway->$method }
-          qw( module username password namespace );
-
-      @bop_options = $payment_gateway->gatewaynum
-                       ? $payment_gateway->options
-                       : @{ $payment_gateway->get('options') };
-
-      return "processor of payment $options{'paynum'} $processor does not".
-             " match default processor $conf_processor"
-        unless $processor eq $conf_processor;
-
-    }
-
-
-  } else { # didn't specify a paynum, so look for agent gateway overrides
-           # like a normal transaction 
- 
-    my $payment_gateway =
-      $self->agent->payment_gateway( 'method'  => $options{method},
-                                     #'payinfo' => $payinfo,
-                                   );
-    my( $processor, $login, $password, $namespace ) =
-      map { my $method = "gateway_$_"; $payment_gateway->$method }
-        qw( module username password namespace );
-
-    my @bop_options = $payment_gateway->gatewaynum
-                        ? $payment_gateway->options
-                        : @{ $payment_gateway->get('options') };
-
-  }
-  return "neither amount nor paynum specified" unless $amount;
-
-  eval "use $namespace";  
-  die $@ if $@;
-
-  my %content = (
-    'type'           => $options{method},
-    'login'          => $login,
-    'password'       => $password,
-    'order_number'   => $order_number,
-    'amount'         => $amount,
-    'referer'        => 'http://cleanwhisker.420.am/', #XXX fix referer :/
-  );
-  $content{authorization} = $auth
-    if length($auth); #echeck/ACH transactions have an order # but no auth
-                      #(at least with authorize.net)
-
-  my $disable_void_after;
-  if ($conf->exists('disable_void_after')
-      && $conf->config('disable_void_after') =~ /^(\d+)$/) {
-    $disable_void_after = $1;
-  }
-
-  #first try void if applicable
-  if ( $cust_pay && $cust_pay->paid == $amount
-    && (
-      ( not defined($disable_void_after) )
-      || ( time < ($cust_pay->_date + $disable_void_after ) )
-    )
-  ) {
-    warn "  attempting void\n" if $DEBUG > 1;
-    my $void = new Business::OnlinePayment( $processor, @bop_options );
-    if ( $void->can('info') ) {
-      if ( $cust_pay->payby eq 'CARD'
-           && $void->info('CC_void_requires_card') )
-      {
-        $content{'card_number'} = $cust_pay->payinfo;
-      } elsif ( $cust_pay->payby eq 'CHEK'
-                && $void->info('ECHECK_void_requires_account') )
-      {
-        ( $content{'account_number'}, $content{'routing_code'} ) =
-          split('@', $cust_pay->payinfo);
-        $content{'name'} = $self->get('first'). ' '. $self->get('last');
-      }
-    }
-    $void->content( 'action' => 'void', %content );
-    $void->test_transaction(1)
-      if $conf->exists('business-onlinepayment-test_transaction');
-    $void->submit();
-    if ( $void->is_success ) {
-      my $error = $cust_pay->void($options{'reason'});
-      if ( $error ) {
-        # gah, even with transactions.
-        my $e = 'WARNING: Card/ACH voided but database not updated - '.
-                "error voiding payment: $error";
-        warn $e;
-        return $e;
-      }
-      warn "  void successful\n" if $DEBUG > 1;
-      return '';
-    }
-  }
-
-  warn "  void unsuccessful, trying refund\n"
-    if $DEBUG > 1;
-
-  #massage data
-  my $address = $self->address1;
-  $address .= ", ". $self->address2 if $self->address2;
-
-  my($payname, $payfirst, $paylast);
-  if ( $self->payname && $options{method} ne 'ECHECK' ) {
-    $payname = $self->payname;
-    $payname =~ /^\s*([\w \,\.\-\']*)?\s+([\w\,\.\-\']+)\s*$/
-      or return "Illegal payname $payname";
-    ($payfirst, $paylast) = ($1, $2);
-  } else {
-    $payfirst = $self->getfield('first');
-    $paylast = $self->getfield('last');
-    $payname =  "$payfirst $paylast";
-  }
-
-  my @invoicing_list = $self->invoicing_list_emailonly;
-  if ( $conf->exists('emailinvoiceautoalways')
-       || $conf->exists('emailinvoiceauto') && ! @invoicing_list
-       || ( $conf->exists('emailinvoiceonly') && ! @invoicing_list ) ) {
-    push @invoicing_list, $self->all_emails;
-  }
-
-  my $email = ($conf->exists('business-onlinepayment-email-override'))
-              ? $conf->config('business-onlinepayment-email-override')
-              : $invoicing_list[0];
-
-  my $payip = exists($options{'payip'})
-                ? $options{'payip'}
-                : $self->payip;
-  $content{customer_ip} = $payip
-    if length($payip);
-
-  my $payinfo = '';
-  if ( $options{method} eq 'CC' ) {
-
-    if ( $cust_pay ) {
-      $content{card_number} = $payinfo = $cust_pay->payinfo;
-      (exists($options{'paydate'}) ? $options{'paydate'} : $cust_pay->paydate)
-        =~ /^\d{2}(\d{2})[\/\-](\d+)[\/\-]\d+$/ &&
-        ($content{expiration} = "$2/$1");  # where available
-    } else {
-      $content{card_number} = $payinfo = $self->payinfo;
-      (exists($options{'paydate'}) ? $options{'paydate'} : $self->paydate)
-        =~ /^\d{2}(\d{2})[\/\-](\d+)[\/\-]\d+$/;
-      $content{expiration} = "$2/$1";
-    }
-
-  } elsif ( $options{method} eq 'ECHECK' ) {
-
-    if ( $cust_pay ) {
-      $payinfo = $cust_pay->payinfo;
-    } else {
-      $payinfo = $self->payinfo;
-    } 
-    ( $content{account_number}, $content{routing_code} )= split('@', $payinfo );
-    $content{bank_name} = $self->payname;
-    $content{account_type} = 'CHECKING';
-    $content{account_name} = $payname;
-    $content{customer_org} = $self->company ? 'B' : 'I';
-    $content{customer_ssn} = $self->ss;
-  } elsif ( $options{method} eq 'LEC' ) {
-    $content{phone} = $payinfo = $self->payinfo;
-  }
-
-  #then try refund
-  my $refund = new Business::OnlinePayment( $processor, @bop_options );
-  my %sub_content = $refund->content(
-    'action'         => 'credit',
-    'customer_id'    => $self->custnum,
-    'last_name'      => $paylast,
-    'first_name'     => $payfirst,
-    'name'           => $payname,
-    'address'        => $address,
-    'city'           => $self->city,
-    'state'          => $self->state,
-    'zip'            => $self->zip,
-    'country'        => $self->country,
-    'email'          => $email,
-    'phone'          => $self->daytime || $self->night,
-    %content, #after
-  );
-  warn join('', map { "  $_ => $sub_content{$_}\n" } keys %sub_content )
-    if $DEBUG > 1;
-  $refund->test_transaction(1)
-    if $conf->exists('business-onlinepayment-test_transaction');
-  $refund->submit();
-
-  return "$processor error: ". $refund->error_message
-    unless $refund->is_success();
-
-  my $paybatch = "$processor:". $refund->authorization;
-  $paybatch .= ':'. $refund->order_number
-    if $refund->can('order_number') && $refund->order_number;
-
-  while ( $cust_pay && $cust_pay->unapplied < $amount ) {
-    my @cust_bill_pay = $cust_pay->cust_bill_pay;
-    last unless @cust_bill_pay;
-    my $cust_bill_pay = pop @cust_bill_pay;
-    my $error = $cust_bill_pay->delete;
-    last if $error;
-  }
-
-  my $cust_refund = new FS::cust_refund ( {
-    'custnum'  => $self->custnum,
-    'paynum'   => $options{'paynum'},
-    'refund'   => $amount,
-    '_date'    => '',
-    'payby'    => $bop_method2payby{$options{method}},
-    'payinfo'  => $payinfo,
-    'paybatch' => $paybatch,
-    'reason'   => $options{'reason'} || 'card or ACH refund',
-  } );
-  my $error = $cust_refund->insert;
-  if ( $error ) {
-    $cust_refund->paynum(''); #try again with no specific paynum
-    my $error2 = $cust_refund->insert;
-    if ( $error2 ) {
-      # gah, even with transactions.
-      my $e = 'WARNING: Card/ACH refunded but database not updated - '.
-              "error inserting refund ($processor): $error2".
-              " (previously tried insert with paynum #$options{'paynum'}" .
-              ": $error )";
-      warn $e;
-      return $e;
-    }
-  }
-
-  ''; #no error
-
-}
-
 =item batch_card OPTION => VALUE...
 
 Adds a payment for this invoice to the pending credit card batch (see
@@ -5914,244 +3261,6 @@ sub batch_card {
   '';
 }
 
-=item apply_payments_and_credits [ OPTION => VALUE ... ]
-
-Applies unapplied payments and credits.
-
-In most cases, this new method should be used in place of sequential
-apply_payments and apply_credits methods.
-
-A hash of optional arguments may be passed.  Currently "manual" is supported.
-If true, a payment receipt is sent instead of a statement when
-'payment_receipt_email' configuration option is set.
-
-If there is an error, returns the error, otherwise returns false.
-
-=cut
-
-sub apply_payments_and_credits {
-  my( $self, %options ) = @_;
-
-  local $SIG{HUP} = 'IGNORE';
-  local $SIG{INT} = 'IGNORE';
-  local $SIG{QUIT} = 'IGNORE';
-  local $SIG{TERM} = 'IGNORE';
-  local $SIG{TSTP} = 'IGNORE';
-  local $SIG{PIPE} = 'IGNORE';
-
-  my $oldAutoCommit = $FS::UID::AutoCommit;
-  local $FS::UID::AutoCommit = 0;
-  my $dbh = dbh;
-
-  $self->select_for_update; #mutex
-
-  foreach my $cust_bill ( $self->open_cust_bill ) {
-    my $error = $cust_bill->apply_payments_and_credits(%options);
-    if ( $error ) {
-      $dbh->rollback if $oldAutoCommit;
-      return "Error applying: $error";
-    }
-  }
-
-  $dbh->commit or die $dbh->errstr if $oldAutoCommit;
-  ''; #no error
-
-}
-
-=item apply_credits OPTION => VALUE ...
-
-Applies (see L<FS::cust_credit_bill>) unapplied credits (see L<FS::cust_credit>)
-to outstanding invoice balances in chronological order (or reverse
-chronological order if the I<order> option is set to B<newest>) and returns the
-value of any remaining unapplied credits available for refund (see
-L<FS::cust_refund>).
-
-Dies if there is an error.
-
-=cut
-
-sub apply_credits {
-  my $self = shift;
-  my %opt = @_;
-
-  local $SIG{HUP} = 'IGNORE';
-  local $SIG{INT} = 'IGNORE';
-  local $SIG{QUIT} = 'IGNORE';
-  local $SIG{TERM} = 'IGNORE';
-  local $SIG{TSTP} = 'IGNORE';
-  local $SIG{PIPE} = 'IGNORE';
-
-  my $oldAutoCommit = $FS::UID::AutoCommit;
-  local $FS::UID::AutoCommit = 0;
-  my $dbh = dbh;
-
-  $self->select_for_update; #mutex
-
-  unless ( $self->total_unapplied_credits ) {
-    $dbh->commit or die $dbh->errstr if $oldAutoCommit;
-    return 0;
-  }
-
-  my @credits = sort { $b->_date <=> $a->_date} (grep { $_->credited > 0 }
-      qsearch('cust_credit', { 'custnum' => $self->custnum } ) );
-
-  my @invoices = $self->open_cust_bill;
-  @invoices = sort { $b->_date <=> $a->_date } @invoices
-    if defined($opt{'order'}) && $opt{'order'} eq 'newest';
-
-  if ( $conf->exists('pkg-balances') ) {
-    # limit @credits to those w/ a pkgnum grepped from $self
-    my %pkgnums = ();
-    foreach my $i (@invoices) {
-      foreach my $li ( $i->cust_bill_pkg ) {
-        $pkgnums{$li->pkgnum} = 1;
-      }
-    }
-    @credits = grep { ! $_->pkgnum || $pkgnums{$_->pkgnum} } @credits;
-  }
-
-  my $credit;
-
-  foreach my $cust_bill ( @invoices ) {
-
-    if ( !defined($credit) || $credit->credited == 0) {
-      $credit = pop @credits or last;
-    }
-
-    my $owed;
-    if ( $conf->exists('pkg-balances') && $credit->pkgnum ) {
-      $owed = $cust_bill->owed_pkgnum($credit->pkgnum);
-    } else {
-      $owed = $cust_bill->owed;
-    }
-    unless ( $owed > 0 ) {
-      push @credits, $credit;
-      next;
-    }
-
-    my $amount = min( $credit->credited, $owed );
-    
-    my $cust_credit_bill = new FS::cust_credit_bill ( {
-      'crednum' => $credit->crednum,
-      'invnum'  => $cust_bill->invnum,
-      'amount'  => $amount,
-    } );
-    $cust_credit_bill->pkgnum( $credit->pkgnum )
-      if $conf->exists('pkg-balances') && $credit->pkgnum;
-    my $error = $cust_credit_bill->insert;
-    if ( $error ) {
-      $dbh->rollback or die $dbh->errstr if $oldAutoCommit;
-      die $error;
-    }
-    
-    redo if ($cust_bill->owed > 0) && ! $conf->exists('pkg-balances');
-
-  }
-
-  my $total_unapplied_credits = $self->total_unapplied_credits;
-
-  $dbh->commit or die $dbh->errstr if $oldAutoCommit;
-
-  return $total_unapplied_credits;
-}
-
-=item apply_payments  [ OPTION => VALUE ... ]
-
-Applies (see L<FS::cust_bill_pay>) unapplied payments (see L<FS::cust_pay>)
-to outstanding invoice balances in chronological order.
-
- #and returns the value of any remaining unapplied payments.
-
-A hash of optional arguments may be passed.  Currently "manual" is supported.
-If true, a payment receipt is sent instead of a statement when
-'payment_receipt_email' configuration option is set.
-
-Dies if there is an error.
-
-=cut
-
-sub apply_payments {
-  my( $self, %options ) = @_;
-
-  local $SIG{HUP} = 'IGNORE';
-  local $SIG{INT} = 'IGNORE';
-  local $SIG{QUIT} = 'IGNORE';
-  local $SIG{TERM} = 'IGNORE';
-  local $SIG{TSTP} = 'IGNORE';
-  local $SIG{PIPE} = 'IGNORE';
-
-  my $oldAutoCommit = $FS::UID::AutoCommit;
-  local $FS::UID::AutoCommit = 0;
-  my $dbh = dbh;
-
-  $self->select_for_update; #mutex
-
-  #return 0 unless
-
-  my @payments = sort { $b->_date <=> $a->_date }
-                 grep { $_->unapplied > 0 }
-                 $self->cust_pay;
-
-  my @invoices = sort { $a->_date <=> $b->_date}
-                 grep { $_->owed > 0 }
-                 $self->cust_bill;
-
-  if ( $conf->exists('pkg-balances') ) {
-    # limit @payments to those w/ a pkgnum grepped from $self
-    my %pkgnums = ();
-    foreach my $i (@invoices) {
-      foreach my $li ( $i->cust_bill_pkg ) {
-        $pkgnums{$li->pkgnum} = 1;
-      }
-    }
-    @payments = grep { ! $_->pkgnum || $pkgnums{$_->pkgnum} } @payments;
-  }
-
-  my $payment;
-
-  foreach my $cust_bill ( @invoices ) {
-
-    if ( !defined($payment) || $payment->unapplied == 0 ) {
-      $payment = pop @payments or last;
-    }
-
-    my $owed;
-    if ( $conf->exists('pkg-balances') && $payment->pkgnum ) {
-      $owed = $cust_bill->owed_pkgnum($payment->pkgnum);
-    } else {
-      $owed = $cust_bill->owed;
-    }
-    unless ( $owed > 0 ) {
-      push @payments, $payment;
-      next;
-    }
-
-    my $amount = min( $payment->unapplied, $owed );
-
-    my $cust_bill_pay = new FS::cust_bill_pay ( {
-      'paynum' => $payment->paynum,
-      'invnum' => $cust_bill->invnum,
-      'amount' => $amount,
-    } );
-    $cust_bill_pay->pkgnum( $payment->pkgnum )
-      if $conf->exists('pkg-balances') && $payment->pkgnum;
-    my $error = $cust_bill_pay->insert(%options);
-    if ( $error ) {
-      $dbh->rollback or die $dbh->errstr if $oldAutoCommit;
-      die $error;
-    }
-
-    redo if ( $cust_bill->owed > 0) && ! $conf->exists('pkg-balances');
-
-  }
-
-  my $total_unapplied_payments = $self->total_unapplied_payments;
-
-  $dbh->commit or die $dbh->errstr if $oldAutoCommit;
-
-  return $total_unapplied_payments;
-}
-
 =item total_owed
 
 Returns the total owed for this customer on all invoices
diff --git a/FS/FS/cust_main/Billing.pm b/FS/FS/cust_main/Billing.pm
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a262cf6c9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/FS/FS/cust_main/Billing.pm
@@ -0,0 +1,1549 @@
+package FS::cust_main::Billing;
+
+use strict;
+use vars qw( $conf $DEBUG $me );
+use Carp;
+use FS::UID qw( dbh );
+use FS::Record qw( qsearch qsearchs );
+use FS::cust_bill;
+use FS::cust_bill_pkg;
+use FS::cust_bill_pkg_display;
+use FS::cust_bill_pay;
+use FS::cust_credit_bill;
+use FS::cust_pkg;
+use FS::cust_tax_adjustment;
+use FS::tax_rate;
+use FS::tax_rate_location;
+use FS::cust_bill_pkg_tax_location;
+use FS::cust_bill_pkg_tax_rate_location;
+
+# 1 is mostly method/subroutine entry and options
+# 2 traces progress of some operations
+# 3 is even more information including possibly sensitive data
+$DEBUG = 0;
+$me = '[FS::cust_main::Billing]';
+
+install_callback FS::UID sub { 
+  $conf = new FS::Conf;
+  #yes, need it for stuff below (prolly should be cached)
+};
+
+=head1 NAME
+
+FS::cust_main::Billing - Billing mixin for cust_main
+
+=head1 SYNOPSIS
+
+=head1 DESCRIPTIONS
+
+These methods are available on FS::cust_main objects.
+
+=head1 METHODS
+
+=over 4
+
+=item bill_and_collect 
+
+Cancels and suspends any packages due, generates bills, applies payments and
+credits, and applies collection events to run cards, send bills and notices,
+etc.
+
+By default, warns on errors and continues with the next operation (but see the
+"fatal" flag below).
+
+Options are passed as name-value pairs.  Currently available options are:
+
+=over 4
+
+=item time
+
+Bills the customer as if it were that time.  Specified as a UNIX timestamp; see L<perlfunc/"time">).  Also see L<Time::Local> and L<Date::Parse> for conversion functions.  For example:
+
+ use Date::Parse;
+ ...
+ $cust_main->bill( 'time' => str2time('April 20th, 2001') );
+
+=item invoice_time
+
+Used in conjunction with the I<time> option, this option specifies the date of for the generated invoices.  Other calculations, such as whether or not to generate the invoice in the first place, are not affected.
+
+=item check_freq
+
+"1d" for the traditional, daily events (the default), or "1m" for the new monthly events (part_event.check_freq)
+
+=item resetup
+
+If set true, re-charges setup fees.
+
+=item fatal
+
+If set any errors prevent subsequent operations from continusing.  If set
+specifically to "return", returns the error (or false, if there is no error).
+Any other true value causes errors to die.
+
+=item debug
+
+Debugging level.  Default is 0 (no debugging), or can be set to 1 (passed-in options), 2 (traces progress), 3 (more information), or 4 (include full search queries)
+
+=item job
+
+Optional FS::queue entry to receive status updates.
+
+=back
+
+Options are passed to the B<bill> and B<collect> methods verbatim, so all
+options of those methods are also available.
+
+=cut
+
+sub bill_and_collect {
+  my( $self, %options ) = @_;
+
+  my $error;
+
+  #$options{actual_time} not $options{time} because freeside-daily -d is for
+  #pre-printing invoices
+
+  $options{'actual_time'} ||= time;
+  my $job = $options{'job'};
+
+  $job->update_statustext('0,cleaning expired packages') if $job;
+  $error = $self->cancel_expired_pkgs( $options{actual_time} );
+  if ( $error ) {
+    $error = "Error expiring custnum ". $self->custnum. ": $error";
+    if    ( $options{fatal} && $options{fatal} eq 'return' ) { return $error; }
+    elsif ( $options{fatal}                                ) { die    $error; }
+    else                                                     { warn   $error; }
+  }
+
+  $error = $self->suspend_adjourned_pkgs( $options{actual_time} );
+  if ( $error ) {
+    $error = "Error adjourning custnum ". $self->custnum. ": $error";
+    if    ( $options{fatal} && $options{fatal} eq 'return' ) { return $error; }
+    elsif ( $options{fatal}                                ) { die    $error; }
+    else                                                     { warn   $error; }
+  }
+
+  $job->update_statustext('20,billing packages') if $job;
+  $error = $self->bill( %options );
+  if ( $error ) {
+    $error = "Error billing custnum ". $self->custnum. ": $error";
+    if    ( $options{fatal} && $options{fatal} eq 'return' ) { return $error; }
+    elsif ( $options{fatal}                                ) { die    $error; }
+    else                                                     { warn   $error; }
+  }
+
+  $job->update_statustext('50,applying payments and credits') if $job;
+  $error = $self->apply_payments_and_credits;
+  if ( $error ) {
+    $error = "Error applying custnum ". $self->custnum. ": $error";
+    if    ( $options{fatal} && $options{fatal} eq 'return' ) { return $error; }
+    elsif ( $options{fatal}                                ) { die    $error; }
+    else                                                     { warn   $error; }
+  }
+
+  $job->update_statustext('70,running collection events') if $job;
+  unless ( $conf->exists('cancelled_cust-noevents')
+           && ! $self->num_ncancelled_pkgs
+  ) {
+    $error = $self->collect( %options );
+    if ( $error ) {
+      $error = "Error collecting custnum ". $self->custnum. ": $error";
+      if    ($options{fatal} && $options{fatal} eq 'return') { return $error; }
+      elsif ($options{fatal}                               ) { die    $error; }
+      else                                                   { warn   $error; }
+    }
+  }
+  $job->update_statustext('100,finished') if $job;
+
+  '';
+
+}
+
+sub cancel_expired_pkgs {
+  my ( $self, $time, %options ) = @_;
+
+  my @cancel_pkgs = $self->ncancelled_pkgs( { 
+    'extra_sql' => " AND expire IS NOT NULL AND expire > 0 AND expire <= $time "
+  } );
+
+  my @errors = ();
+
+  foreach my $cust_pkg ( @cancel_pkgs ) {
+    my $cpr = $cust_pkg->last_cust_pkg_reason('expire');
+    my $error = $cust_pkg->cancel($cpr ? ( 'reason'        => $cpr->reasonnum,
+                                           'reason_otaker' => $cpr->otaker
+                                         )
+                                       : ()
+                                 );
+    push @errors, 'pkgnum '.$cust_pkg->pkgnum.": $error" if $error;
+  }
+
+  scalar(@errors) ? join(' / ', @errors) : '';
+
+}
+
+sub suspend_adjourned_pkgs {
+  my ( $self, $time, %options ) = @_;
+
+  my @susp_pkgs = $self->ncancelled_pkgs( {
+    'extra_sql' =>
+      " AND ( susp IS NULL OR susp = 0 )
+        AND (    ( bill    IS NOT NULL AND bill    != 0 AND bill    <  $time )
+              OR ( adjourn IS NOT NULL AND adjourn != 0 AND adjourn <= $time )
+            )
+      ",
+  } );
+
+  #only because there's no SQL test for is_prepaid :/
+  @susp_pkgs = 
+    grep {     (    $_->part_pkg->is_prepaid
+                 && $_->bill
+                 && $_->bill < $time
+               )
+            || (    $_->adjourn
+                 && $_->adjourn <= $time
+               )
+           
+         }
+         @susp_pkgs;
+
+  my @errors = ();
+
+  foreach my $cust_pkg ( @susp_pkgs ) {
+    my $cpr = $cust_pkg->last_cust_pkg_reason('adjourn')
+      if ($cust_pkg->adjourn && $cust_pkg->adjourn < $^T);
+    my $error = $cust_pkg->suspend($cpr ? ( 'reason' => $cpr->reasonnum,
+                                            'reason_otaker' => $cpr->otaker
+                                          )
+                                        : ()
+                                  );
+    push @errors, 'pkgnum '.$cust_pkg->pkgnum.": $error" if $error;
+  }
+
+  scalar(@errors) ? join(' / ', @errors) : '';
+
+}
+
+=item bill OPTIONS
+
+Generates invoices (see L<FS::cust_bill>) for this customer.  Usually used in
+conjunction with the collect method by calling B<bill_and_collect>.
+
+If there is an error, returns the error, otherwise returns false.
+
+Options are passed as name-value pairs.  Currently available options are:
+
+=over 4
+
+=item resetup
+
+If set true, re-charges setup fees.
+
+=item time
+
+Bills the customer as if it were that time.  Specified as a UNIX timestamp; see L<perlfunc/"time">).  Also see L<Time::Local> and L<Date::Parse> for conversion functions.  For example:
+
+ use Date::Parse;
+ ...
+ $cust_main->bill( 'time' => str2time('April 20th, 2001') );
+
+=item pkg_list
+
+An array ref of specific packages (objects) to attempt billing, instead trying all of them.
+
+ $cust_main->bill( pkg_list => [$pkg1, $pkg2] );
+
+=item not_pkgpart
+
+A hashref of pkgparts to exclude from this billing run (can also be specified as a comma-separated scalar).
+
+=item invoice_time
+
+Used in conjunction with the I<time> option, this option specifies the date of for the generated invoices.  Other calculations, such as whether or not to generate the invoice in the first place, are not affected.
+
+=item cancel
+
+This boolean value informs the us that the package is being cancelled.  This
+typically might mean not charging the normal recurring fee but only usage
+fees since the last billing. Setup charges may be charged.  Not all package
+plans support this feature (they tend to charge 0).
+
+=item invoice_terms
+
+Optional terms to be printed on this invoice.  Otherwise, customer-specific
+terms or the default terms are used.
+
+=back
+
+=cut
+
+sub bill {
+  my( $self, %options ) = @_;
+  return '' if $self->payby eq 'COMP';
+  warn "$me bill customer ". $self->custnum. "\n"
+    if $DEBUG;
+
+  my $time = $options{'time'} || time;
+  my $invoice_time = $options{'invoice_time'} || $time;
+
+  $options{'not_pkgpart'} ||= {};
+  $options{'not_pkgpart'} = { map { $_ => 1 }
+                                  split(/\s*,\s*/, $options{'not_pkgpart'})
+                            }
+    unless ref($options{'not_pkgpart'});
+
+  local $SIG{HUP} = 'IGNORE';
+  local $SIG{INT} = 'IGNORE';
+  local $SIG{QUIT} = 'IGNORE';
+  local $SIG{TERM} = 'IGNORE';
+  local $SIG{TSTP} = 'IGNORE';
+  local $SIG{PIPE} = 'IGNORE';
+
+  my $oldAutoCommit = $FS::UID::AutoCommit;
+  local $FS::UID::AutoCommit = 0;
+  my $dbh = dbh;
+
+  warn "$me acquiring lock on customer ". $self->custnum. "\n"
+    if $DEBUG;
+
+  $self->select_for_update; #mutex
+
+  warn "$me running pre-bill events for customer ". $self->custnum. "\n"
+    if $DEBUG;
+
+  my $error = $self->do_cust_event(
+    'debug'      => ( $options{'debug'} || 0 ),
+    'time'       => $invoice_time,
+    'check_freq' => $options{'check_freq'},
+    'stage'      => 'pre-bill',
+  );
+  if ( $error ) {
+    $dbh->rollback if $oldAutoCommit;
+    return $error;
+  }
+
+  warn "$me done running pre-bill events for customer ". $self->custnum. "\n"
+    if $DEBUG;
+
+  #keep auto-charge and non-auto-charge line items separate
+  my @passes = ( '', 'no_auto' );
+
+  my %cust_bill_pkg = map { $_ => [] } @passes;
+
+  ###
+  # find the packages which are due for billing, find out how much they are
+  # & generate invoice database.
+  ###
+
+  my %total_setup   = map { my $z = 0; $_ => \$z; } @passes;
+  my %total_recur   = map { my $z = 0; $_ => \$z; } @passes;
+
+  my %taxlisthash = map { $_ => {} } @passes;
+
+  my @precommit_hooks = ();
+
+  $options{'pkg_list'} ||= [ $self->ncancelled_pkgs ];  #param checks?
+  foreach my $cust_pkg ( @{ $options{'pkg_list'} } ) {
+
+    next if $options{'not_pkgpart'}->{$cust_pkg->pkgpart};
+
+    warn "  bill package ". $cust_pkg->pkgnum. "\n" if $DEBUG > 1;
+
+    #? to avoid use of uninitialized value errors... ?
+    $cust_pkg->setfield('bill', '')
+      unless defined($cust_pkg->bill);
+ 
+    #my $part_pkg = $cust_pkg->part_pkg;
+
+    my $real_pkgpart = $cust_pkg->pkgpart;
+    my %hash = $cust_pkg->hash;
+
+    # we could implement this bit as FS::part_pkg::has_hidden, but we already
+    # suffer from performance issues
+    $options{has_hidden} = 0;
+    my @part_pkg = $cust_pkg->part_pkg->self_and_bill_linked;
+    $options{has_hidden} = 1 if ($part_pkg[1] && $part_pkg[1]->hidden);
+ 
+    foreach my $part_pkg ( @part_pkg ) {
+
+      $cust_pkg->set($_, $hash{$_}) foreach qw ( setup last_bill bill );
+
+      my $pass = ($cust_pkg->no_auto || $part_pkg->no_auto) ? 'no_auto' : '';
+
+      my $error =
+        $self->_make_lines( 'part_pkg'            => $part_pkg,
+                            'cust_pkg'            => $cust_pkg,
+                            'precommit_hooks'     => \@precommit_hooks,
+                            'line_items'          => $cust_bill_pkg{$pass},
+                            'setup'               => $total_setup{$pass},
+                            'recur'               => $total_recur{$pass},
+                            'tax_matrix'          => $taxlisthash{$pass},
+                            'time'                => $time,
+                            'real_pkgpart'        => $real_pkgpart,
+                            'options'             => \%options,
+                          );
+      if ($error) {
+        $dbh->rollback if $oldAutoCommit;
+        return $error;
+      }
+
+    } #foreach my $part_pkg
+
+  } #foreach my $cust_pkg
+
+  #if the customer isn't on an automatic payby, everything can go on a single
+  #invoice anyway?
+  #if ( $cust_main->payby !~ /^(CARD|CHEK)$/ ) {
+    #merge everything into one list
+  #}
+
+  foreach my $pass (@passes) { # keys %cust_bill_pkg ) {
+
+    my @cust_bill_pkg = _omit_zero_value_bundles(@{ $cust_bill_pkg{$pass} });
+
+    next unless @cust_bill_pkg; #don't create an invoice w/o line items
+
+    if ( scalar( grep { $_->recur && $_->recur > 0 } @cust_bill_pkg) ||
+           !$conf->exists('postal_invoice-recurring_only')
+       )
+    {
+
+      my $postal_pkg = $self->charge_postal_fee();
+      if ( $postal_pkg && !ref( $postal_pkg ) ) {
+
+        $dbh->rollback if $oldAutoCommit;
+        return "can't charge postal invoice fee for customer ".
+          $self->custnum. ": $postal_pkg";
+
+      } elsif ( $postal_pkg ) {
+
+        my $real_pkgpart = $postal_pkg->pkgpart;
+        # we could implement this bit as FS::part_pkg::has_hidden, but we already
+        # suffer from performance issues
+        $options{has_hidden} = 0;
+        my @part_pkg = $postal_pkg->part_pkg->self_and_bill_linked;
+        $options{has_hidden} = 1 if ($part_pkg[1] && $part_pkg[1]->hidden);
+
+        foreach my $part_pkg ( @part_pkg ) {
+          my %postal_options = %options;
+          delete $postal_options{cancel};
+          my $error =
+            $self->_make_lines( 'part_pkg'            => $part_pkg,
+                                'cust_pkg'            => $postal_pkg,
+                                'precommit_hooks'     => \@precommit_hooks,
+                                'line_items'          => \@cust_bill_pkg,
+                                'setup'               => $total_setup{$pass},
+                                'recur'               => $total_recur{$pass},
+                                'tax_matrix'          => $taxlisthash{$pass},
+                                'time'                => $time,
+                                'real_pkgpart'        => $real_pkgpart,
+                                'options'             => \%postal_options,
+                              );
+          if ($error) {
+            $dbh->rollback if $oldAutoCommit;
+            return $error;
+          }
+        }
+
+        # it's silly to have a zero value postal_pkg, but....
+        @cust_bill_pkg = _omit_zero_value_bundles(@cust_bill_pkg);
+
+      }
+
+    }
+
+    my $listref_or_error =
+      $self->calculate_taxes( \@cust_bill_pkg, $taxlisthash{$pass}, $invoice_time);
+
+    unless ( ref( $listref_or_error ) ) {
+      $dbh->rollback if $oldAutoCommit;
+      return $listref_or_error;
+    }
+
+    foreach my $taxline ( @$listref_or_error ) {
+      ${ $total_setup{$pass} } =
+        sprintf('%.2f', ${ $total_setup{$pass} } + $taxline->setup );
+      push @cust_bill_pkg, $taxline;
+    }
+
+    #add tax adjustments
+    warn "adding tax adjustments...\n" if $DEBUG > 2;
+    foreach my $cust_tax_adjustment (
+      qsearch('cust_tax_adjustment', { 'custnum'    => $self->custnum,
+                                       'billpkgnum' => '',
+                                     }
+             )
+    ) {
+
+      my $tax = sprintf('%.2f', $cust_tax_adjustment->amount );
+
+      my $itemdesc = $cust_tax_adjustment->taxname;
+      $itemdesc = '' if $itemdesc eq 'Tax';
+
+      push @cust_bill_pkg, new FS::cust_bill_pkg {
+        'pkgnum'      => 0,
+        'setup'       => $tax,
+        'recur'       => 0,
+        'sdate'       => '',
+        'edate'       => '',
+        'itemdesc'    => $itemdesc,
+        'itemcomment' => $cust_tax_adjustment->comment,
+        'cust_tax_adjustment' => $cust_tax_adjustment,
+        #'cust_bill_pkg_tax_location' => \@cust_bill_pkg_tax_location,
+      };
+
+    }
+
+    my $charged = sprintf('%.2f', ${ $total_setup{$pass} } + ${ $total_recur{$pass} } );
+
+    my @cust_bill = $self->cust_bill;
+    my $balance = $self->balance;
+    my $previous_balance = scalar(@cust_bill)
+                             ? ( $cust_bill[$#cust_bill]->billing_balance || 0 )
+                             : 0;
+
+    $previous_balance += $cust_bill[$#cust_bill]->charged
+      if scalar(@cust_bill);
+    #my $balance_adjustments =
+    #  sprintf('%.2f', $balance - $prior_prior_balance - $prior_charged);
+
+    #create the new invoice
+    my $cust_bill = new FS::cust_bill ( {
+      'custnum'             => $self->custnum,
+      '_date'               => ( $invoice_time ),
+      'charged'             => $charged,
+      'billing_balance'     => $balance,
+      'previous_balance'    => $previous_balance,
+      'invoice_terms'       => $options{'invoice_terms'},
+    } );
+    $error = $cust_bill->insert;
+    if ( $error ) {
+      $dbh->rollback if $oldAutoCommit;
+      return "can't create invoice for customer #". $self->custnum. ": $error";
+    }
+
+    foreach my $cust_bill_pkg ( @cust_bill_pkg ) {
+      $cust_bill_pkg->invnum($cust_bill->invnum); 
+      my $error = $cust_bill_pkg->insert;
+      if ( $error ) {
+        $dbh->rollback if $oldAutoCommit;
+        return "can't create invoice line item: $error";
+      }
+    }
+
+  } #foreach my $pass ( keys %cust_bill_pkg )
+
+  foreach my $hook ( @precommit_hooks ) { 
+    eval {
+      &{$hook}; #($self) ?
+    };
+    if ( $@ ) {
+      $dbh->rollback if $oldAutoCommit;
+      return "$@ running precommit hook $hook\n";
+    }
+  }
+  
+  $dbh->commit or die $dbh->errstr if $oldAutoCommit;
+  ''; #no error
+}
+
+#discard bundled packages of 0 value
+sub _omit_zero_value_bundles {
+
+  my @cust_bill_pkg = ();
+  my @cust_bill_pkg_bundle = ();
+  my $sum = 0;
+
+  foreach my $cust_bill_pkg ( @_ ) {
+    if (scalar(@cust_bill_pkg_bundle) && !$cust_bill_pkg->pkgpart_override) {
+      push @cust_bill_pkg, @cust_bill_pkg_bundle if $sum > 0;
+      @cust_bill_pkg_bundle = ();
+      $sum = 0;
+    }
+    $sum += $cust_bill_pkg->setup + $cust_bill_pkg->recur;
+    push @cust_bill_pkg_bundle, $cust_bill_pkg;
+  }
+  push @cust_bill_pkg, @cust_bill_pkg_bundle if $sum > 0;
+
+  (@cust_bill_pkg);
+
+}
+
+=item calculate_taxes LINEITEMREF TAXHASHREF INVOICE_TIME
+
+This is a weird one.  Perhaps it should not even be exposed.
+
+Generates tax line items (see L<FS::cust_bill_pkg>) for this customer.
+Usually used internally by bill method B<bill>.
+
+If there is an error, returns the error, otherwise returns reference to a
+list of line items suitable for insertion.
+
+=over 4
+
+=item LINEITEMREF
+
+An array ref of the line items being billed.
+
+=item TAXHASHREF
+
+A strange beast.  The keys to this hash are internal identifiers consisting
+of the name of the tax object type, a space, and its unique identifier ( e.g.
+ 'cust_main_county 23' ).  The values of the hash are listrefs.  The first
+item in the list is the tax object.  The remaining items are either line
+items or floating point values (currency amounts).
+
+The taxes are calculated on this entity.  Calculated exemption records are
+transferred to the LINEITEMREF items on the assumption that they are related.
+
+Read the source.
+
+=item INVOICE_TIME
+
+This specifies the date appearing on the associated invoice.  Some
+jurisdictions (i.e. Texas) have tax exemptions which are date sensitive.
+
+=back
+
+=cut
+sub calculate_taxes {
+  my ($self, $cust_bill_pkg, $taxlisthash, $invoice_time) = @_;
+
+  my @tax_line_items = ();
+
+  warn "having a look at the taxes we found...\n" if $DEBUG > 2;
+
+  # keys are tax names (as printed on invoices / itemdesc )
+  # values are listrefs of taxlisthash keys (internal identifiers)
+  my %taxname = ();
+
+  # keys are taxlisthash keys (internal identifiers)
+  # values are (cumulative) amounts
+  my %tax = ();
+
+  # keys are taxlisthash keys (internal identifiers)
+  # values are listrefs of cust_bill_pkg_tax_location hashrefs
+  my %tax_location = ();
+
+  # keys are taxlisthash keys (internal identifiers)
+  # values are listrefs of cust_bill_pkg_tax_rate_location hashrefs
+  my %tax_rate_location = ();
+
+  foreach my $tax ( keys %$taxlisthash ) {
+    my $tax_object = shift @{ $taxlisthash->{$tax} };
+    warn "found ". $tax_object->taxname. " as $tax\n" if $DEBUG > 2;
+    warn " ". join('/', @{ $taxlisthash->{$tax} } ). "\n" if $DEBUG > 2;
+    my $hashref_or_error =
+      $tax_object->taxline( $taxlisthash->{$tax},
+                            'custnum'      => $self->custnum,
+                            'invoice_time' => $invoice_time
+                          );
+    return $hashref_or_error unless ref($hashref_or_error);
+
+    unshift @{ $taxlisthash->{$tax} }, $tax_object;
+
+    my $name   = $hashref_or_error->{'name'};
+    my $amount = $hashref_or_error->{'amount'};
+
+    #warn "adding $amount as $name\n";
+    $taxname{ $name } ||= [];
+    push @{ $taxname{ $name } }, $tax;
+
+    $tax{ $tax } += $amount;
+
+    $tax_location{ $tax } ||= [];
+    if ( $tax_object->get('pkgnum') || $tax_object->get('locationnum') ) {
+      push @{ $tax_location{ $tax }  },
+        {
+          'taxnum'      => $tax_object->taxnum, 
+          'taxtype'     => ref($tax_object),
+          'pkgnum'      => $tax_object->get('pkgnum'),
+          'locationnum' => $tax_object->get('locationnum'),
+          'amount'      => sprintf('%.2f', $amount ),
+        };
+    }
+
+    $tax_rate_location{ $tax } ||= [];
+    if ( ref($tax_object) eq 'FS::tax_rate' ) {
+      my $taxratelocationnum =
+        $tax_object->tax_rate_location->taxratelocationnum;
+      push @{ $tax_rate_location{ $tax }  },
+        {
+          'taxnum'             => $tax_object->taxnum, 
+          'taxtype'            => ref($tax_object),
+          'amount'             => sprintf('%.2f', $amount ),
+          'locationtaxid'      => $tax_object->location,
+          'taxratelocationnum' => $taxratelocationnum,
+        };
+    }
+
+  }
+
+  #move the cust_tax_exempt_pkg records to the cust_bill_pkgs we will commit
+  my %packagemap = map { $_->pkgnum => $_ } @$cust_bill_pkg;
+  foreach my $tax ( keys %$taxlisthash ) {
+    foreach ( @{ $taxlisthash->{$tax} }[1 ... scalar(@{ $taxlisthash->{$tax} })] ) {
+      next unless ref($_) eq 'FS::cust_bill_pkg';
+
+      push @{ $packagemap{$_->pkgnum}->_cust_tax_exempt_pkg }, 
+        splice( @{ $_->_cust_tax_exempt_pkg } );
+    }
+  }
+
+  #consolidate and create tax line items
+  warn "consolidating and generating...\n" if $DEBUG > 2;
+  foreach my $taxname ( keys %taxname ) {
+    my $tax = 0;
+    my %seen = ();
+    my @cust_bill_pkg_tax_location = ();
+    my @cust_bill_pkg_tax_rate_location = ();
+    warn "adding $taxname\n" if $DEBUG > 1;
+    foreach my $taxitem ( @{ $taxname{$taxname} } ) {
+      next if $seen{$taxitem}++;
+      warn "adding $tax{$taxitem}\n" if $DEBUG > 1;
+      $tax += $tax{$taxitem};
+      push @cust_bill_pkg_tax_location,
+        map { new FS::cust_bill_pkg_tax_location $_ }
+            @{ $tax_location{ $taxitem } };
+      push @cust_bill_pkg_tax_rate_location,
+        map { new FS::cust_bill_pkg_tax_rate_location $_ }
+            @{ $tax_rate_location{ $taxitem } };
+    }
+    next unless $tax;
+
+    $tax = sprintf('%.2f', $tax );
+  
+    my $pkg_category = qsearchs( 'pkg_category', { 'categoryname' => $taxname,
+                                                   'disabled'     => '',
+                                                 },
+                               );
+
+    my @display = ();
+    if ( $pkg_category and
+         $conf->config('invoice_latexsummary') ||
+         $conf->config('invoice_htmlsummary')
+       )
+    {
+
+      my %hash = (  'section' => $pkg_category->categoryname );
+      push @display, new FS::cust_bill_pkg_display { type => 'S', %hash };
+
+    }
+
+    push @tax_line_items, new FS::cust_bill_pkg {
+      'pkgnum'   => 0,
+      'setup'    => $tax,
+      'recur'    => 0,
+      'sdate'    => '',
+      'edate'    => '',
+      'itemdesc' => $taxname,
+      'display'  => \@display,
+      'cust_bill_pkg_tax_location' => \@cust_bill_pkg_tax_location,
+      'cust_bill_pkg_tax_rate_location' => \@cust_bill_pkg_tax_rate_location,
+    };
+
+  }
+
+  \@tax_line_items;
+}
+
+sub _make_lines {
+  my ($self, %params) = @_;
+
+  my $part_pkg = $params{part_pkg} or die "no part_pkg specified";
+  my $cust_pkg = $params{cust_pkg} or die "no cust_pkg specified";
+  my $precommit_hooks = $params{precommit_hooks} or die "no package specified";
+  my $cust_bill_pkgs = $params{line_items} or die "no line buffer specified";
+  my $total_setup = $params{setup} or die "no setup accumulator specified";
+  my $total_recur = $params{recur} or die "no recur accumulator specified";
+  my $taxlisthash = $params{tax_matrix} or die "no tax accumulator specified";
+  my $time = $params{'time'} or die "no time specified";
+  my (%options) = %{$params{options}};
+
+  my $dbh = dbh;
+  my $real_pkgpart = $params{real_pkgpart};
+  my %hash = $cust_pkg->hash;
+  my $old_cust_pkg = new FS::cust_pkg \%hash;
+
+  my @details = ();
+  my @discounts = ();
+  my $lineitems = 0;
+
+  $cust_pkg->pkgpart($part_pkg->pkgpart);
+
+  ###
+  # bill setup
+  ###
+
+  my $setup = 0;
+  my $unitsetup = 0;
+  if ( $options{'resetup'}
+       || ( ! $cust_pkg->setup
+            && ( ! $cust_pkg->start_date
+                 || $cust_pkg->start_date <= $time
+               )
+            && ( ! $conf->exists('disable_setup_suspended_pkgs')
+                 || ( $conf->exists('disable_setup_suspended_pkgs') &&
+                      ! $cust_pkg->getfield('susp')
+                    )
+               )
+          )
+    )
+  {
+    
+    warn "    bill setup\n" if $DEBUG > 1;
+    $lineitems++;
+
+    $setup = eval { $cust_pkg->calc_setup( $time, \@details ) };
+    return "$@ running calc_setup for $cust_pkg\n"
+      if $@;
+
+    $unitsetup = $cust_pkg->part_pkg->unit_setup || $setup; #XXX uuh
+
+    $cust_pkg->setfield('setup', $time)
+      unless $cust_pkg->setup;
+          #do need it, but it won't get written to the db
+          #|| $cust_pkg->pkgpart != $real_pkgpart;
+
+    $cust_pkg->setfield('start_date', '')
+      if $cust_pkg->start_date;
+
+  }
+
+  ###
+  # bill recurring fee
+  ### 
+
+  #XXX unit stuff here too
+  my $recur = 0;
+  my $unitrecur = 0;
+  my $sdate;
+  if (     ! $cust_pkg->get('susp')
+       and ! $cust_pkg->get('start_date')
+       and ( $part_pkg->getfield('freq') ne '0'
+             && ( $cust_pkg->getfield('bill') || 0 ) <= $time
+           )
+        || ( $part_pkg->plan eq 'voip_cdr'
+              && $part_pkg->option('bill_every_call')
+           )
+        || ( $options{cancel} )
+  ) {
+
+    # XXX should this be a package event?  probably.  events are called
+    # at collection time at the moment, though...
+    $part_pkg->reset_usage($cust_pkg, 'debug'=>$DEBUG)
+      if $part_pkg->can('reset_usage');
+      #don't want to reset usage just cause we want a line item??
+      #&& $part_pkg->pkgpart == $real_pkgpart;
+
+    warn "    bill recur\n" if $DEBUG > 1;
+    $lineitems++;
+
+    # XXX shared with $recur_prog
+    $sdate = ( $options{cancel} ? $cust_pkg->last_bill : $cust_pkg->bill )
+             || $cust_pkg->setup
+             || $time;
+
+    #over two params!  lets at least switch to a hashref for the rest...
+    my $increment_next_bill = ( $part_pkg->freq ne '0'
+                                && ( $cust_pkg->getfield('bill') || 0 ) <= $time
+                                && !$options{cancel}
+                              );
+    my %param = ( 'precommit_hooks'     => $precommit_hooks,
+                  'increment_next_bill' => $increment_next_bill,
+                  'discounts'           => \@discounts,
+                  'real_pkgpart'        => $real_pkgpart,
+                );
+
+    my $method = $options{cancel} ? 'calc_cancel' : 'calc_recur';
+    $recur = eval { $cust_pkg->$method( \$sdate, \@details, \%param ) };
+    return "$@ running $method for $cust_pkg\n"
+      if ( $@ );
+
+    if ( $increment_next_bill ) {
+
+      my $next_bill = $part_pkg->add_freq($sdate);
+      return "unparsable frequency: ". $part_pkg->freq
+        if $next_bill == -1;
+  
+      #pro-rating magic - if $recur_prog fiddled $sdate, want to use that
+      # only for figuring next bill date, nothing else, so, reset $sdate again
+      # here
+      $sdate = $cust_pkg->bill || $cust_pkg->setup || $time;
+      #no need, its in $hash{last_bill}# my $last_bill = $cust_pkg->last_bill;
+      $cust_pkg->last_bill($sdate);
+
+      $cust_pkg->setfield('bill', $next_bill );
+
+    }
+
+  }
+
+  warn "\$setup is undefined" unless defined($setup);
+  warn "\$recur is undefined" unless defined($recur);
+  warn "\$cust_pkg->bill is undefined" unless defined($cust_pkg->bill);
+  
+  ###
+  # If there's line items, create em cust_bill_pkg records
+  # If $cust_pkg has been modified, update it (if we're a real pkgpart)
+  ###
+
+  if ( $lineitems || $options{has_hidden} ) {
+
+    if ( $cust_pkg->modified && $cust_pkg->pkgpart == $real_pkgpart ) {
+      # hmm.. and if just the options are modified in some weird price plan?
+  
+      warn "  package ". $cust_pkg->pkgnum. " modified; updating\n"
+        if $DEBUG >1;
+  
+      my $error = $cust_pkg->replace( $old_cust_pkg,
+                                      'options' => { $cust_pkg->options },
+                                    );
+      return "Error modifying pkgnum ". $cust_pkg->pkgnum. ": $error"
+        if $error; #just in case
+    }
+  
+    $setup = sprintf( "%.2f", $setup );
+    $recur = sprintf( "%.2f", $recur );
+    if ( $setup < 0 && ! $conf->exists('allow_negative_charges') ) {
+      return "negative setup $setup for pkgnum ". $cust_pkg->pkgnum;
+    }
+    if ( $recur < 0 && ! $conf->exists('allow_negative_charges') ) {
+      return "negative recur $recur for pkgnum ". $cust_pkg->pkgnum;
+    }
+
+    if ( $setup != 0 ||
+         $recur != 0 ||
+         !$part_pkg->hidden && $options{has_hidden} ) #include some $0 lines
+    {
+
+      warn "    charges (setup=$setup, recur=$recur); adding line items\n"
+        if $DEBUG > 1;
+
+      my @cust_pkg_detail = map { $_->detail } $cust_pkg->cust_pkg_detail('I');
+      if ( $DEBUG > 1 ) {
+        warn "      adding customer package invoice detail: $_\n"
+          foreach @cust_pkg_detail;
+      }
+      push @details, @cust_pkg_detail;
+
+      my $cust_bill_pkg = new FS::cust_bill_pkg {
+        'pkgnum'    => $cust_pkg->pkgnum,
+        'setup'     => $setup,
+        'unitsetup' => $unitsetup,
+        'recur'     => $recur,
+        'unitrecur' => $unitrecur,
+        'quantity'  => $cust_pkg->quantity,
+        'details'   => \@details,
+        'discounts' => \@discounts,
+        'hidden'    => $part_pkg->hidden,
+      };
+
+      if ( $part_pkg->option('recur_temporality', 1) eq 'preceding' ) {
+        $cust_bill_pkg->sdate( $hash{last_bill} );
+        $cust_bill_pkg->edate( $sdate - 86399   ); #60s*60m*24h-1
+        $cust_bill_pkg->edate( $time ) if $options{cancel};
+      } else { #if ( $part_pkg->option('recur_temporality', 1) eq 'upcoming' ) {
+        $cust_bill_pkg->sdate( $sdate );
+        $cust_bill_pkg->edate( $cust_pkg->bill );
+        #$cust_bill_pkg->edate( $time ) if $options{cancel};
+      }
+
+      $cust_bill_pkg->pkgpart_override($part_pkg->pkgpart)
+        unless $part_pkg->pkgpart == $real_pkgpart;
+
+      $$total_setup += $setup;
+      $$total_recur += $recur;
+
+      ###
+      # handle taxes
+      ###
+
+      my $error = 
+        $self->_handle_taxes($part_pkg, $taxlisthash, $cust_bill_pkg, $cust_pkg, $options{invoice_time}, $real_pkgpart, \%options);
+      return $error if $error;
+
+      push @$cust_bill_pkgs, $cust_bill_pkg;
+
+    } #if $setup != 0 || $recur != 0
+      
+  } #if $line_items
+
+  '';
+
+}
+
+sub _handle_taxes {
+  my $self = shift;
+  my $part_pkg = shift;
+  my $taxlisthash = shift;
+  my $cust_bill_pkg = shift;
+  my $cust_pkg = shift;
+  my $invoice_time = shift;
+  my $real_pkgpart = shift;
+  my $options = shift;
+
+  my %cust_bill_pkg = ();
+  my %taxes = ();
+    
+  my @classes;
+  #push @classes, $cust_bill_pkg->usage_classes if $cust_bill_pkg->type eq 'U';
+  push @classes, $cust_bill_pkg->usage_classes if $cust_bill_pkg->usage;
+  push @classes, 'setup' if ($cust_bill_pkg->setup && !$options->{cancel});
+  push @classes, 'recur' if ($cust_bill_pkg->recur && !$options->{cancel});
+
+  if ( $self->tax !~ /Y/i && $self->payby ne 'COMP' ) {
+
+    if ( $conf->exists('enable_taxproducts')
+         && ( scalar($part_pkg->part_pkg_taxoverride)
+              || $part_pkg->has_taxproduct
+            )
+       )
+    {
+
+      if ( $conf->exists('tax-pkg_address') && $cust_pkg->locationnum ) {
+        return "fatal: Can't (yet) use tax-pkg_address with taxproducts";
+      }
+
+      foreach my $class (@classes) {
+        my $err_or_ref = $self->_gather_taxes( $part_pkg, $class );
+        return $err_or_ref unless ref($err_or_ref);
+        $taxes{$class} = $err_or_ref;
+      }
+
+      unless (exists $taxes{''}) {
+        my $err_or_ref = $self->_gather_taxes( $part_pkg, '' );
+        return $err_or_ref unless ref($err_or_ref);
+        $taxes{''} = $err_or_ref;
+      }
+
+    } else {
+
+      my @loc_keys = qw( city county state country );
+      my %taxhash;
+      if ( $conf->exists('tax-pkg_address') && $cust_pkg->locationnum ) {
+        my $cust_location = $cust_pkg->cust_location;
+        %taxhash = map { $_ => $cust_location->$_()    } @loc_keys;
+      } else {
+        my $prefix = 
+          ( $conf->exists('tax-ship_address') && length($self->ship_last) )
+          ? 'ship_'
+          : '';
+        %taxhash = map { $_ => $self->get("$prefix$_") } @loc_keys;
+      }
+
+      $taxhash{'taxclass'} = $part_pkg->taxclass;
+
+      my @taxes = ();
+      my %taxhash_elim = %taxhash;
+      my @elim = qw( city county state );
+      do { 
+
+        #first try a match with taxclass
+        @taxes = qsearch( 'cust_main_county', \%taxhash_elim );
+
+        if ( !scalar(@taxes) && $taxhash_elim{'taxclass'} ) {
+          #then try a match without taxclass
+          my %no_taxclass = %taxhash_elim;
+          $no_taxclass{ 'taxclass' } = '';
+          @taxes = qsearch( 'cust_main_county', \%no_taxclass );
+        }
+
+        $taxhash_elim{ shift(@elim) } = '';
+
+      } while ( !scalar(@taxes) && scalar(@elim) );
+
+      @taxes = grep { ! $_->taxname or ! $self->tax_exemption($_->taxname) }
+                    @taxes
+        if $self->cust_main_exemption; #just to be safe
+
+      if ( $conf->exists('tax-pkg_address') && $cust_pkg->locationnum ) {
+        foreach (@taxes) {
+          $_->set('pkgnum',      $cust_pkg->pkgnum );
+          $_->set('locationnum', $cust_pkg->locationnum );
+        }
+      }
+
+      $taxes{''} = [ @taxes ];
+      $taxes{'setup'} = [ @taxes ];
+      $taxes{'recur'} = [ @taxes ];
+      $taxes{$_} = [ @taxes ] foreach (@classes);
+
+      # # maybe eliminate this entirely, along with all the 0% records
+      # unless ( @taxes ) {
+      #   return
+      #     "fatal: can't find tax rate for state/county/country/taxclass ".
+      #     join('/', map $taxhash{$_}, qw(state county country taxclass) );
+      # }
+
+    } #if $conf->exists('enable_taxproducts') ...
+
+  }
+ 
+  my @display = ();
+  my $separate = $conf->exists('separate_usage');
+  my $temp_pkg = new FS::cust_pkg { pkgpart => $real_pkgpart };
+  my $usage_mandate = $temp_pkg->part_pkg->option('usage_mandate', 'Hush!');
+  my $section = $temp_pkg->part_pkg->categoryname;
+  if ( $separate || $section || $usage_mandate ) {
+
+    my %hash = ( 'section' => $section );
+
+    $section = $temp_pkg->part_pkg->option('usage_section', 'Hush!');
+    my $summary = $temp_pkg->part_pkg->option('summarize_usage', 'Hush!');
+    if ( $separate ) {
+      push @display, new FS::cust_bill_pkg_display { type => 'S', %hash };
+      push @display, new FS::cust_bill_pkg_display { type => 'R', %hash };
+    } else {
+      push @display, new FS::cust_bill_pkg_display
+                       { type => '',
+                         %hash,
+                         ( ( $usage_mandate ) ? ( 'summary' => 'Y' ) : () ),
+                       };
+    }
+
+    if ($separate && $section && $summary) {
+      push @display, new FS::cust_bill_pkg_display { type    => 'U',
+                                                     summary => 'Y',
+                                                     %hash,
+                                                   };
+    }
+    if ($usage_mandate || $section && $summary) {
+      $hash{post_total} = 'Y';
+    }
+
+    if ($separate || $usage_mandate) {
+      $hash{section} = $section if ($separate || $usage_mandate);
+      push @display, new FS::cust_bill_pkg_display { type => 'U', %hash };
+    }
+
+  }
+  $cust_bill_pkg->set('display', \@display);
+
+  my %tax_cust_bill_pkg = $cust_bill_pkg->disintegrate;
+  foreach my $key (keys %tax_cust_bill_pkg) {
+    my @taxes = @{ $taxes{$key} || [] };
+    my $tax_cust_bill_pkg = $tax_cust_bill_pkg{$key};
+
+    my %localtaxlisthash = ();
+    foreach my $tax ( @taxes ) {
+
+      my $taxname = ref( $tax ). ' '. $tax->taxnum;
+#      $taxname .= ' pkgnum'. $cust_pkg->pkgnum.
+#                  ' locationnum'. $cust_pkg->locationnum
+#        if $conf->exists('tax-pkg_address') && $cust_pkg->locationnum;
+
+      $taxlisthash->{ $taxname } ||= [ $tax ];
+      push @{ $taxlisthash->{ $taxname  } }, $tax_cust_bill_pkg;
+
+      $localtaxlisthash{ $taxname } ||= [ $tax ];
+      push @{ $localtaxlisthash{ $taxname  } }, $tax_cust_bill_pkg;
+
+    }
+
+    warn "finding taxed taxes...\n" if $DEBUG > 2;
+    foreach my $tax ( keys %localtaxlisthash ) {
+      my $tax_object = shift @{ $localtaxlisthash{$tax} };
+      warn "found possible taxed tax ". $tax_object->taxname. " we call $tax\n"
+        if $DEBUG > 2;
+      next unless $tax_object->can('tax_on_tax');
+
+      foreach my $tot ( $tax_object->tax_on_tax( $self ) ) {
+        my $totname = ref( $tot ). ' '. $tot->taxnum;
+
+        warn "checking $totname which we call ". $tot->taxname. " as applicable\n"
+          if $DEBUG > 2;
+        next unless exists( $localtaxlisthash{ $totname } ); # only increase
+                                                             # existing taxes
+        warn "adding $totname to taxed taxes\n" if $DEBUG > 2;
+        my $hashref_or_error = 
+          $tax_object->taxline( $localtaxlisthash{$tax},
+                                'custnum'      => $self->custnum,
+                                'invoice_time' => $invoice_time,
+                              );
+        return $hashref_or_error
+          unless ref($hashref_or_error);
+        
+        $taxlisthash->{ $totname } ||= [ $tot ];
+        push @{ $taxlisthash->{ $totname  } }, $hashref_or_error->{amount};
+
+      }
+    }
+
+  }
+
+  '';
+}
+
+sub _gather_taxes {
+  my $self = shift;
+  my $part_pkg = shift;
+  my $class = shift;
+
+  my @taxes = ();
+  my $geocode = $self->geocode('cch');
+
+  my @taxclassnums = map { $_->taxclassnum }
+                     $part_pkg->part_pkg_taxoverride($class);
+
+  unless (@taxclassnums) {
+    @taxclassnums = map { $_->taxclassnum }
+                    grep { $_->taxable eq 'Y' }
+                    $part_pkg->part_pkg_taxrate('cch', $geocode, $class);
+  }
+  warn "Found taxclassnum values of ". join(',', @taxclassnums)
+    if $DEBUG;
+
+  my $extra_sql =
+    "AND (".
+    join(' OR ', map { "taxclassnum = $_" } @taxclassnums ). ")";
+
+  @taxes = qsearch({ 'table' => 'tax_rate',
+                     'hashref' => { 'geocode' => $geocode, },
+                     'extra_sql' => $extra_sql,
+                  })
+    if scalar(@taxclassnums);
+
+  warn "Found taxes ".
+       join(',', map{ ref($_). " ". $_->get($_->primary_key) } @taxes). "\n" 
+   if $DEBUG;
+
+  [ @taxes ];
+
+}
+
+=item collect [ HASHREF | OPTION => VALUE ... ]
+
+(Attempt to) collect money for this customer's outstanding invoices (see
+L<FS::cust_bill>).  Usually used after the bill method.
+
+Actions are now triggered by billing events; see L<FS::part_event> and the
+billing events web interface.  Old-style invoice events (see
+L<FS::part_bill_event>) have been deprecated.
+
+If there is an error, returns the error, otherwise returns false.
+
+Options are passed as name-value pairs.
+
+Currently available options are:
+
+=over 4
+
+=item invoice_time
+
+Use this time when deciding when to print invoices and late notices on those invoices.  The default is now.  It is specified as a UNIX timestamp; see L<perlfunc/"time">).  Also see L<Time::Local> and L<Date::Parse> for conversion functions.
+
+=item retry
+
+Retry card/echeck/LEC transactions even when not scheduled by invoice events.
+
+=item check_freq
+
+"1d" for the traditional, daily events (the default), or "1m" for the new monthly events (part_event.check_freq)
+
+=item quiet
+
+set true to surpress email card/ACH decline notices.
+
+=item debug
+
+Debugging level.  Default is 0 (no debugging), or can be set to 1 (passed-in options), 2 (traces progress), 3 (more information), or 4 (include full search queries)
+
+=back
+
+# =item payby
+#
+# allows for one time override of normal customer billing method
+
+=cut
+
+sub collect {
+  my( $self, %options ) = @_;
+  my $invoice_time = $options{'invoice_time'} || time;
+
+  #put below somehow?
+  local $SIG{HUP} = 'IGNORE';
+  local $SIG{INT} = 'IGNORE';
+  local $SIG{QUIT} = 'IGNORE';
+  local $SIG{TERM} = 'IGNORE';
+  local $SIG{TSTP} = 'IGNORE';
+  local $SIG{PIPE} = 'IGNORE';
+
+  my $oldAutoCommit = $FS::UID::AutoCommit;
+  local $FS::UID::AutoCommit = 0;
+  my $dbh = dbh;
+
+  $self->select_for_update; #mutex
+
+  if ( $DEBUG ) {
+    my $balance = $self->balance;
+    warn "$me collect customer ". $self->custnum. ": balance $balance\n"
+  }
+
+  if ( exists($options{'retry_card'}) ) {
+    carp 'retry_card option passed to collect is deprecated; use retry';
+    $options{'retry'} ||= $options{'retry_card'};
+  }
+  if ( exists($options{'retry'}) && $options{'retry'} ) {
+    my $error = $self->retry_realtime;
+    if ( $error ) {
+      $dbh->rollback if $oldAutoCommit;
+      return $error;
+    }
+  }
+
+  $dbh->commit or die $dbh->errstr if $oldAutoCommit;
+
+  #never want to roll back an event just because it returned an error
+  local $FS::UID::AutoCommit = 1; #$oldAutoCommit;
+
+  $self->do_cust_event(
+    'debug'      => ( $options{'debug'} || 0 ),
+    'time'       => $invoice_time,
+    'check_freq' => $options{'check_freq'},
+    'stage'      => 'collect',
+  );
+
+}
+
+
+=item apply_payments_and_credits [ OPTION => VALUE ... ]
+
+Applies unapplied payments and credits.
+
+In most cases, this new method should be used in place of sequential
+apply_payments and apply_credits methods.
+
+A hash of optional arguments may be passed.  Currently "manual" is supported.
+If true, a payment receipt is sent instead of a statement when
+'payment_receipt_email' configuration option is set.
+
+If there is an error, returns the error, otherwise returns false.
+
+=cut
+
+sub apply_payments_and_credits {
+  my( $self, %options ) = @_;
+
+  local $SIG{HUP} = 'IGNORE';
+  local $SIG{INT} = 'IGNORE';
+  local $SIG{QUIT} = 'IGNORE';
+  local $SIG{TERM} = 'IGNORE';
+  local $SIG{TSTP} = 'IGNORE';
+  local $SIG{PIPE} = 'IGNORE';
+
+  my $oldAutoCommit = $FS::UID::AutoCommit;
+  local $FS::UID::AutoCommit = 0;
+  my $dbh = dbh;
+
+  $self->select_for_update; #mutex
+
+  foreach my $cust_bill ( $self->open_cust_bill ) {
+    my $error = $cust_bill->apply_payments_and_credits(%options);
+    if ( $error ) {
+      $dbh->rollback if $oldAutoCommit;
+      return "Error applying: $error";
+    }
+  }
+
+  $dbh->commit or die $dbh->errstr if $oldAutoCommit;
+  ''; #no error
+
+}
+
+=item apply_credits OPTION => VALUE ...
+
+Applies (see L<FS::cust_credit_bill>) unapplied credits (see L<FS::cust_credit>)
+to outstanding invoice balances in chronological order (or reverse
+chronological order if the I<order> option is set to B<newest>) and returns the
+value of any remaining unapplied credits available for refund (see
+L<FS::cust_refund>).
+
+Dies if there is an error.
+
+=cut
+
+sub apply_credits {
+  my $self = shift;
+  my %opt = @_;
+
+  local $SIG{HUP} = 'IGNORE';
+  local $SIG{INT} = 'IGNORE';
+  local $SIG{QUIT} = 'IGNORE';
+  local $SIG{TERM} = 'IGNORE';
+  local $SIG{TSTP} = 'IGNORE';
+  local $SIG{PIPE} = 'IGNORE';
+
+  my $oldAutoCommit = $FS::UID::AutoCommit;
+  local $FS::UID::AutoCommit = 0;
+  my $dbh = dbh;
+
+  $self->select_for_update; #mutex
+
+  unless ( $self->total_unapplied_credits ) {
+    $dbh->commit or die $dbh->errstr if $oldAutoCommit;
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  my @credits = sort { $b->_date <=> $a->_date} (grep { $_->credited > 0 }
+      qsearch('cust_credit', { 'custnum' => $self->custnum } ) );
+
+  my @invoices = $self->open_cust_bill;
+  @invoices = sort { $b->_date <=> $a->_date } @invoices
+    if defined($opt{'order'}) && $opt{'order'} eq 'newest';
+
+  if ( $conf->exists('pkg-balances') ) {
+    # limit @credits to those w/ a pkgnum grepped from $self
+    my %pkgnums = ();
+    foreach my $i (@invoices) {
+      foreach my $li ( $i->cust_bill_pkg ) {
+        $pkgnums{$li->pkgnum} = 1;
+      }
+    }
+    @credits = grep { ! $_->pkgnum || $pkgnums{$_->pkgnum} } @credits;
+  }
+
+  my $credit;
+
+  foreach my $cust_bill ( @invoices ) {
+
+    if ( !defined($credit) || $credit->credited == 0) {
+      $credit = pop @credits or last;
+    }
+
+    my $owed;
+    if ( $conf->exists('pkg-balances') && $credit->pkgnum ) {
+      $owed = $cust_bill->owed_pkgnum($credit->pkgnum);
+    } else {
+      $owed = $cust_bill->owed;
+    }
+    unless ( $owed > 0 ) {
+      push @credits, $credit;
+      next;
+    }
+
+    my $amount = min( $credit->credited, $owed );
+    
+    my $cust_credit_bill = new FS::cust_credit_bill ( {
+      'crednum' => $credit->crednum,
+      'invnum'  => $cust_bill->invnum,
+      'amount'  => $amount,
+    } );
+    $cust_credit_bill->pkgnum( $credit->pkgnum )
+      if $conf->exists('pkg-balances') && $credit->pkgnum;
+    my $error = $cust_credit_bill->insert;
+    if ( $error ) {
+      $dbh->rollback or die $dbh->errstr if $oldAutoCommit;
+      die $error;
+    }
+    
+    redo if ($cust_bill->owed > 0) && ! $conf->exists('pkg-balances');
+
+  }
+
+  my $total_unapplied_credits = $self->total_unapplied_credits;
+
+  $dbh->commit or die $dbh->errstr if $oldAutoCommit;
+
+  return $total_unapplied_credits;
+}
+
+=item apply_payments  [ OPTION => VALUE ... ]
+
+Applies (see L<FS::cust_bill_pay>) unapplied payments (see L<FS::cust_pay>)
+to outstanding invoice balances in chronological order.
+
+ #and returns the value of any remaining unapplied payments.
+
+A hash of optional arguments may be passed.  Currently "manual" is supported.
+If true, a payment receipt is sent instead of a statement when
+'payment_receipt_email' configuration option is set.
+
+Dies if there is an error.
+
+=cut
+
+sub apply_payments {
+  my( $self, %options ) = @_;
+
+  local $SIG{HUP} = 'IGNORE';
+  local $SIG{INT} = 'IGNORE';
+  local $SIG{QUIT} = 'IGNORE';
+  local $SIG{TERM} = 'IGNORE';
+  local $SIG{TSTP} = 'IGNORE';
+  local $SIG{PIPE} = 'IGNORE';
+
+  my $oldAutoCommit = $FS::UID::AutoCommit;
+  local $FS::UID::AutoCommit = 0;
+  my $dbh = dbh;
+
+  $self->select_for_update; #mutex
+
+  #return 0 unless
+
+  my @payments = sort { $b->_date <=> $a->_date }
+                 grep { $_->unapplied > 0 }
+                 $self->cust_pay;
+
+  my @invoices = sort { $a->_date <=> $b->_date}
+                 grep { $_->owed > 0 }
+                 $self->cust_bill;
+
+  if ( $conf->exists('pkg-balances') ) {
+    # limit @payments to those w/ a pkgnum grepped from $self
+    my %pkgnums = ();
+    foreach my $i (@invoices) {
+      foreach my $li ( $i->cust_bill_pkg ) {
+        $pkgnums{$li->pkgnum} = 1;
+      }
+    }
+    @payments = grep { ! $_->pkgnum || $pkgnums{$_->pkgnum} } @payments;
+  }
+
+  my $payment;
+
+  foreach my $cust_bill ( @invoices ) {
+
+    if ( !defined($payment) || $payment->unapplied == 0 ) {
+      $payment = pop @payments or last;
+    }
+
+    my $owed;
+    if ( $conf->exists('pkg-balances') && $payment->pkgnum ) {
+      $owed = $cust_bill->owed_pkgnum($payment->pkgnum);
+    } else {
+      $owed = $cust_bill->owed;
+    }
+    unless ( $owed > 0 ) {
+      push @payments, $payment;
+      next;
+    }
+
+    my $amount = min( $payment->unapplied, $owed );
+
+    my $cust_bill_pay = new FS::cust_bill_pay ( {
+      'paynum' => $payment->paynum,
+      'invnum' => $cust_bill->invnum,
+      'amount' => $amount,
+    } );
+    $cust_bill_pay->pkgnum( $payment->pkgnum )
+      if $conf->exists('pkg-balances') && $payment->pkgnum;
+    my $error = $cust_bill_pay->insert(%options);
+    if ( $error ) {
+      $dbh->rollback or die $dbh->errstr if $oldAutoCommit;
+      die $error;
+    }
+
+    redo if ( $cust_bill->owed > 0) && ! $conf->exists('pkg-balances');
+
+  }
+
+  my $total_unapplied_payments = $self->total_unapplied_payments;
+
+  $dbh->commit or die $dbh->errstr if $oldAutoCommit;
+
+  return $total_unapplied_payments;
+}
+
+1;
diff --git a/FS/FS/cust_main/Billing_Realtime.pm b/FS/FS/cust_main/Billing_Realtime.pm
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e0e24b134
--- /dev/null
+++ b/FS/FS/cust_main/Billing_Realtime.pm
@@ -0,0 +1,1439 @@
+package FS::cust_main::Billing_Realtime;
+
+use strict;
+use vars qw( $conf $DEBUG $me );
+use FS::UID qw( dbh );
+use FS::Record qw( qsearch qsearchs );
+use FS::payby;
+use FS::cust_pay;
+use FS::cust_pay_pending;
+use FS::cust_refund;
+
+#$realtime_bop_decline_quiet = 0;
+
+# 1 is mostly method/subroutine entry and options
+# 2 traces progress of some operations
+# 3 is even more information including possibly sensitive data
+$DEBUG = 0;
+$me = '[FS::cust_main::Billing_Realtime]';
+
+install_callback FS::UID sub { 
+  $conf = new FS::Conf;
+  #yes, need it for stuff below (prolly should be cached)
+};
+
+=head1 NAME
+
+FS::cust_main::Billing_Realtime - Realtime billing mixin for cust_main
+
+=head1 SYNOPSIS
+
+=head1 DESCRIPTIONS
+
+These methods are available on FS::cust_main objects.
+
+=head1 METHODS
+
+=over 4
+
+=item realtime_collect [ OPTION => VALUE ... ]
+
+Runs a realtime credit card, ACH (electronic check) or phone bill transaction
+via a Business::OnlinePayment or Business::OnlineThirdPartyPayment realtime
+gateway.  See L<http://420.am/business-onlinepayment> and 
+L<http://420.am/business-onlinethirdpartypayment> for supported gateways.
+
+On failure returns an error message.
+
+Returns false or a hashref upon success.  The hashref contains keys popup_url reference, and collectitems.  The first is a URL to which a browser should be redirected for completion of collection.  The second is a reference id for the transaction suitable for the end user.  The collectitems is a reference to a list of name value pairs suitable for assigning to a html form and posted to popup_url.
+
+Available options are: I<method>, I<amount>, I<description>, I<invnum>, I<quiet>, I<paynum_ref>, I<payunique>, I<session_id>, I<pkgnum>
+
+I<method> is one of: I<CC>, I<ECHECK> and I<LEC>.  If none is specified
+then it is deduced from the customer record.
+
+If no I<amount> is specified, then the customer balance is used.
+
+The additional options I<payname>, I<address1>, I<address2>, I<city>, I<state>,
+I<zip>, I<payinfo> and I<paydate> are also available.  Any of these options,
+if set, will override the value from the customer record.
+
+I<description> is a free-text field passed to the gateway.  It defaults to
+the value defined by the business-onlinepayment-description configuration
+option, or "Internet services" if that is unset.
+
+If an I<invnum> is specified, this payment (if successful) is applied to the
+specified invoice.  If you don't specify an I<invnum> you might want to
+call the B<apply_payments> method or set the I<apply> option.
+
+I<apply> can be set to true to apply a resulting payment.
+
+I<quiet> can be set true to surpress email decline notices.
+
+I<paynum_ref> can be set to a scalar reference.  It will be filled in with the
+resulting paynum, if any.
+
+I<payunique> is a unique identifier for this payment.
+
+I<session_id> is a session identifier associated with this payment.
+
+I<depend_jobnum> allows payment capture to unlock export jobs
+
+=cut
+
+sub realtime_collect {
+  my( $self, %options ) = @_;
+
+  if ( $DEBUG ) {
+    warn "$me realtime_collect:\n";
+    warn "  $_ => $options{$_}\n" foreach keys %options;
+  }
+
+  $options{amount} = $self->balance unless exists( $options{amount} );
+  $options{method} = FS::payby->payby2bop($self->payby)
+    unless exists( $options{method} );
+
+  return $self->realtime_bop({%options});
+
+}
+
+=item realtime_bop { [ ARG => VALUE ... ] }
+
+Runs a realtime credit card, ACH (electronic check) or phone bill transaction
+via a Business::OnlinePayment realtime gateway.  See
+L<http://420.am/business-onlinepayment> for supported gateways.
+
+Required arguments in the hashref are I<method>, and I<amount>
+
+Available methods are: I<CC>, I<ECHECK> and I<LEC>
+
+Available optional arguments are: I<description>, I<invnum>, I<apply>, I<quiet>, I<paynum_ref>, I<payunique>, I<session_id>
+
+The additional options I<payname>, I<address1>, I<address2>, I<city>, I<state>,
+I<zip>, I<payinfo> and I<paydate> are also available.  Any of these options,
+if set, will override the value from the customer record.
+
+I<description> is a free-text field passed to the gateway.  It defaults to
+the value defined by the business-onlinepayment-description configuration
+option, or "Internet services" if that is unset.
+
+If an I<invnum> is specified, this payment (if successful) is applied to the
+specified invoice.  If you don't specify an I<invnum> you might want to
+call the B<apply_payments> method or set the I<apply> option.
+
+I<apply> can be set to true to apply a resulting payment.
+
+I<quiet> can be set true to surpress email decline notices.
+
+I<paynum_ref> can be set to a scalar reference.  It will be filled in with the
+resulting paynum, if any.
+
+I<payunique> is a unique identifier for this payment.
+
+I<session_id> is a session identifier associated with this payment.
+
+I<depend_jobnum> allows payment capture to unlock export jobs
+
+(moved from cust_bill) (probably should get realtime_{card,ach,lec} here too)
+
+=cut
+
+# some helper routines
+sub _bop_recurring_billing {
+  my( $self, %opt ) = @_;
+
+  my $method = scalar($conf->config('credit_card-recurring_billing_flag'));
+
+  if ( defined($method) && $method eq 'transaction_is_recur' ) {
+
+    return 1 if $opt{'trans_is_recur'};
+
+  } else {
+
+    my %hash = ( 'custnum' => $self->custnum,
+                 'payby'   => 'CARD',
+               );
+
+    return 1 
+      if qsearch('cust_pay', { %hash, 'payinfo' => $opt{'payinfo'} } )
+      || qsearch('cust_pay', { %hash, 'paymask' => $self->mask_payinfo('CARD',
+                                                               $opt{'payinfo'} )
+                             } );
+
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+
+}
+
+sub _payment_gateway {
+  my ($self, $options) = @_;
+
+  $options->{payment_gateway} = $self->agent->payment_gateway( %$options )
+    unless exists($options->{payment_gateway});
+
+  $options->{payment_gateway};
+}
+
+sub _bop_auth {
+  my ($self, $options) = @_;
+
+  (
+    'login'    => $options->{payment_gateway}->gateway_username,
+    'password' => $options->{payment_gateway}->gateway_password,
+  );
+}
+
+sub _bop_options {
+  my ($self, $options) = @_;
+
+  $options->{payment_gateway}->gatewaynum
+    ? $options->{payment_gateway}->options
+    : @{ $options->{payment_gateway}->get('options') };
+
+}
+
+sub _bop_defaults {
+  my ($self, $options) = @_;
+
+  unless ( $options->{'description'} ) {
+    if ( $conf->exists('business-onlinepayment-description') ) {
+      my $dtempl = $conf->config('business-onlinepayment-description');
+
+      my $agent = $self->agent->agent;
+      #$pkgs... not here
+      $options->{'description'} = eval qq("$dtempl");
+    } else {
+      $options->{'description'} = 'Internet services';
+    }
+  }
+
+  $options->{payinfo} = $self->payinfo unless exists( $options->{payinfo} );
+  $options->{invnum} ||= '';
+  $options->{payname} = $self->payname unless exists( $options->{payname} );
+}
+
+sub _bop_content {
+  my ($self, $options) = @_;
+  my %content = ();
+
+  my $payip = exists($options->{'payip'}) ? $options->{'payip'} : $self->payip;
+  $content{customer_ip} = $payip if length($payip);
+
+  $content{invoice_number} = $options->{'invnum'}
+    if exists($options->{'invnum'}) && length($options->{'invnum'});
+
+  $content{email_customer} = 
+    (    $conf->exists('business-onlinepayment-email_customer')
+      || $conf->exists('business-onlinepayment-email-override') );
+      
+  my ($payname, $payfirst, $paylast);
+  if ( $options->{payname} && $options->{method} ne 'ECHECK' ) {
+    ($payname = $options->{payname}) =~
+      /^\s*([\w \,\.\-\']*)?\s+([\w\,\.\-\']+)\s*$/
+      or return "Illegal payname $payname";
+    ($payfirst, $paylast) = ($1, $2);
+  } else {
+    $payfirst = $self->getfield('first');
+    $paylast = $self->getfield('last');
+    $payname = "$payfirst $paylast";
+  }
+
+  $content{last_name} = $paylast;
+  $content{first_name} = $payfirst;
+
+  $content{name} = $payname;
+
+  $content{address} = exists($options->{'address1'})
+                        ? $options->{'address1'}
+                        : $self->address1;
+  my $address2 = exists($options->{'address2'})
+                   ? $options->{'address2'}
+                   : $self->address2;
+  $content{address} .= ", ". $address2 if length($address2);
+
+  $content{city} = exists($options->{city})
+                     ? $options->{city}
+                     : $self->city;
+  $content{state} = exists($options->{state})
+                      ? $options->{state}
+                      : $self->state;
+  $content{zip} = exists($options->{zip})
+                    ? $options->{'zip'}
+                    : $self->zip;
+  $content{country} = exists($options->{country})
+                        ? $options->{country}
+                        : $self->country;
+
+  $content{referer} = 'http://cleanwhisker.420.am/'; #XXX fix referer :/
+  $content{phone} = $self->daytime || $self->night;
+
+  \%content;
+}
+
+my %bop_method2payby = (
+  'CC'     => 'CARD',
+  'ECHECK' => 'CHEK',
+  'LEC'    => 'LECB',
+);
+
+sub realtime_bop {
+  my $self = shift;
+
+  my %options = ();
+  if (ref($_[0]) eq 'HASH') {
+    %options = %{$_[0]};
+  } else {
+    my ( $method, $amount ) = ( shift, shift );
+    %options = @_;
+    $options{method} = $method;
+    $options{amount} = $amount;
+  }
+  
+  if ( $DEBUG ) {
+    warn "$me realtime_bop (new): $options{method} $options{amount}\n";
+    warn "  $_ => $options{$_}\n" foreach keys %options;
+  }
+
+  return $self->fake_bop(%options) if $options{'fake'};
+
+  $self->_bop_defaults(\%options);
+
+  ###
+  # set trans_is_recur based on invnum if there is one
+  ###
+
+  my $trans_is_recur = 0;
+  if ( $options{'invnum'} ) {
+
+    my $cust_bill = qsearchs('cust_bill', { 'invnum' => $options{'invnum'} } );
+    die "invnum ". $options{'invnum'}. " not found" unless $cust_bill;
+
+    my @part_pkg =
+      map  { $_->part_pkg }
+      grep { $_ }
+      map  { $_->cust_pkg }
+      $cust_bill->cust_bill_pkg;
+
+    $trans_is_recur = 1
+      if grep { $_->freq ne '0' } @part_pkg;
+
+  }
+
+  ###
+  # select a gateway
+  ###
+
+  my $payment_gateway =  $self->_payment_gateway( \%options );
+  my $namespace = $payment_gateway->gateway_namespace;
+
+  eval "use $namespace";  
+  die $@ if $@;
+
+  ###
+  # check for banned credit card/ACH
+  ###
+
+  my $ban = qsearchs('banned_pay', {
+    'payby'   => $bop_method2payby{$options{method}},
+    'payinfo' => md5_base64($options{payinfo}),
+  } );
+  return "Banned credit card" if $ban;
+
+  ###
+  # massage data
+  ###
+
+  my $bop_content = $self->_bop_content(\%options);
+  return $bop_content unless ref($bop_content);
+
+  my @invoicing_list = $self->invoicing_list_emailonly;
+  if ( $conf->exists('emailinvoiceautoalways')
+       || $conf->exists('emailinvoiceauto') && ! @invoicing_list
+       || ( $conf->exists('emailinvoiceonly') && ! @invoicing_list ) ) {
+    push @invoicing_list, $self->all_emails;
+  }
+
+  my $email = ($conf->exists('business-onlinepayment-email-override'))
+              ? $conf->config('business-onlinepayment-email-override')
+              : $invoicing_list[0];
+
+  my $paydate = '';
+  my %content = ();
+  if ( $namespace eq 'Business::OnlinePayment' && $options{method} eq 'CC' ) {
+
+    $content{card_number} = $options{payinfo};
+    $paydate = exists($options{'paydate'})
+                    ? $options{'paydate'}
+                    : $self->paydate;
+    $paydate =~ /^\d{2}(\d{2})[\/\-](\d+)[\/\-]\d+$/;
+    $content{expiration} = "$2/$1";
+
+    my $paycvv = exists($options{'paycvv'})
+                   ? $options{'paycvv'}
+                   : $self->paycvv;
+    $content{cvv2} = $paycvv
+      if length($paycvv);
+
+    my $paystart_month = exists($options{'paystart_month'})
+                           ? $options{'paystart_month'}
+                           : $self->paystart_month;
+
+    my $paystart_year  = exists($options{'paystart_year'})
+                           ? $options{'paystart_year'}
+                           : $self->paystart_year;
+
+    $content{card_start} = "$paystart_month/$paystart_year"
+      if $paystart_month && $paystart_year;
+
+    my $payissue       = exists($options{'payissue'})
+                           ? $options{'payissue'}
+                           : $self->payissue;
+    $content{issue_number} = $payissue if $payissue;
+
+    if ( $self->_bop_recurring_billing( 'payinfo'        => $options{'payinfo'},
+                                        'trans_is_recur' => $trans_is_recur,
+                                      )
+       )
+    {
+      $content{recurring_billing} = 'YES';
+      $content{acct_code} = 'rebill'
+        if $conf->exists('credit_card-recurring_billing_acct_code');
+    }
+
+  } elsif ( $namespace eq 'Business::OnlinePayment' && $options{method} eq 'ECHECK' ){
+    ( $content{account_number}, $content{routing_code} ) =
+      split('@', $options{payinfo});
+    $content{bank_name} = $options{payname};
+    $content{bank_state} = exists($options{'paystate'})
+                             ? $options{'paystate'}
+                             : $self->getfield('paystate');
+    $content{account_type} = exists($options{'paytype'})
+                               ? uc($options{'paytype'}) || 'CHECKING'
+                               : uc($self->getfield('paytype')) || 'CHECKING';
+    $content{account_name} = $self->getfield('first'). ' '.
+                             $self->getfield('last');
+
+    $content{customer_org} = $self->company ? 'B' : 'I';
+    $content{state_id}       = exists($options{'stateid'})
+                                 ? $options{'stateid'}
+                                 : $self->getfield('stateid');
+    $content{state_id_state} = exists($options{'stateid_state'})
+                                 ? $options{'stateid_state'}
+                                 : $self->getfield('stateid_state');
+    $content{customer_ssn} = exists($options{'ss'})
+                               ? $options{'ss'}
+                               : $self->ss;
+  } elsif ( $namespace eq 'Business::OnlinePayment' && $options{method} eq 'LEC' ) {
+    $content{phone} = $options{payinfo};
+  } elsif ( $namespace eq 'Business::OnlineThirdPartyPayment' ) {
+    #move along
+  } else {
+    #die an evil death
+  }
+
+  ###
+  # run transaction(s)
+  ###
+
+  my $balance = exists( $options{'balance'} )
+                  ? $options{'balance'}
+                  : $self->balance;
+
+  $self->select_for_update; #mutex ... just until we get our pending record in
+
+  #the checks here are intended to catch concurrent payments
+  #double-form-submission prevention is taken care of in cust_pay_pending::check
+
+  #check the balance
+  return "The customer's balance has changed; $options{method} transaction aborted."
+    if $self->balance < $balance;
+    #&& $self->balance < $options{amount}; #might as well anyway?
+
+  #also check and make sure there aren't *other* pending payments for this cust
+
+  my @pending = qsearch('cust_pay_pending', {
+    'custnum' => $self->custnum,
+    'status'  => { op=>'!=', value=>'done' } 
+  });
+  return "A payment is already being processed for this customer (".
+         join(', ', map 'paypendingnum '. $_->paypendingnum, @pending ).
+         "); $options{method} transaction aborted."
+    if scalar(@pending);
+
+  #okay, good to go, if we're a duplicate, cust_pay_pending will kick us out
+
+  my $cust_pay_pending = new FS::cust_pay_pending {
+    'custnum'           => $self->custnum,
+    #'invnum'            => $options{'invnum'},
+    'paid'              => $options{amount},
+    '_date'             => '',
+    'payby'             => $bop_method2payby{$options{method}},
+    'payinfo'           => $options{payinfo},
+    'paydate'           => $paydate,
+    'recurring_billing' => $content{recurring_billing},
+    'pkgnum'            => $options{'pkgnum'},
+    'status'            => 'new',
+    'gatewaynum'        => $payment_gateway->gatewaynum || '',
+    'session_id'        => $options{session_id} || '',
+    'jobnum'            => $options{depend_jobnum} || '',
+  };
+  $cust_pay_pending->payunique( $options{payunique} )
+    if defined($options{payunique}) && length($options{payunique});
+  my $cpp_new_err = $cust_pay_pending->insert; #mutex lost when this is inserted
+  return $cpp_new_err if $cpp_new_err;
+
+  my( $action1, $action2 ) =
+    split( /\s*\,\s*/, $payment_gateway->gateway_action );
+
+  my $transaction = new $namespace( $payment_gateway->gateway_module,
+                                    $self->_bop_options(\%options),
+                                  );
+
+  $transaction->content(
+    'type'           => $options{method},
+    $self->_bop_auth(\%options),          
+    'action'         => $action1,
+    'description'    => $options{'description'},
+    'amount'         => $options{amount},
+    #'invoice_number' => $options{'invnum'},
+    'customer_id'    => $self->custnum,
+    %$bop_content,
+    'reference'      => $cust_pay_pending->paypendingnum, #for now
+    'email'          => $email,
+    %content, #after
+  );
+
+  $cust_pay_pending->status('pending');
+  my $cpp_pending_err = $cust_pay_pending->replace;
+  return $cpp_pending_err if $cpp_pending_err;
+
+  #config?
+  my $BOP_TESTING = 0;
+  my $BOP_TESTING_SUCCESS = 1;
+
+  unless ( $BOP_TESTING ) {
+    $transaction->test_transaction(1)
+      if $conf->exists('business-onlinepayment-test_transaction');
+    $transaction->submit();
+  } else {
+    if ( $BOP_TESTING_SUCCESS ) {
+      $transaction->is_success(1);
+      $transaction->authorization('fake auth');
+    } else {
+      $transaction->is_success(0);
+      $transaction->error_message('fake failure');
+    }
+  }
+
+  if ( $transaction->is_success() && $namespace eq 'Business::OnlineThirdPartyPayment' ) {
+
+    return { reference => $cust_pay_pending->paypendingnum,
+             map { $_ => $transaction->$_ } qw ( popup_url collectitems ) };
+
+  } elsif ( $transaction->is_success() && $action2 ) {
+
+    $cust_pay_pending->status('authorized');
+    my $cpp_authorized_err = $cust_pay_pending->replace;
+    return $cpp_authorized_err if $cpp_authorized_err;
+
+    my $auth = $transaction->authorization;
+    my $ordernum = $transaction->can('order_number')
+                   ? $transaction->order_number
+                   : '';
+
+    my $capture =
+      new Business::OnlinePayment( $payment_gateway->gateway_module,
+                                   $self->_bop_options(\%options),
+                                 );
+
+    my %capture = (
+      %content,
+      type           => $options{method},
+      action         => $action2,
+      $self->_bop_auth(\%options),          
+      order_number   => $ordernum,
+      amount         => $options{amount},
+      authorization  => $auth,
+      description    => $options{'description'},
+    );
+
+    foreach my $field (qw( authorization_source_code returned_ACI
+                           transaction_identifier validation_code           
+                           transaction_sequence_num local_transaction_date    
+                           local_transaction_time AVS_result_code          )) {
+      $capture{$field} = $transaction->$field() if $transaction->can($field);
+    }
+
+    $capture->content( %capture );
+
+    $capture->test_transaction(1)
+      if $conf->exists('business-onlinepayment-test_transaction');
+    $capture->submit();
+
+    unless ( $capture->is_success ) {
+      my $e = "Authorization successful but capture failed, custnum #".
+              $self->custnum. ': '.  $capture->result_code.
+              ": ". $capture->error_message;
+      warn $e;
+      return $e;
+    }
+
+  }
+
+  ###
+  # remove paycvv after initial transaction
+  ###
+
+  #false laziness w/misc/process/payment.cgi - check both to make sure working
+  # correctly
+  if ( length($self->paycvv)
+       && ! grep { $_ eq cardtype($options{payinfo}) } $conf->config('cvv-save')
+  ) {
+    my $error = $self->remove_cvv;
+    if ( $error ) {
+      warn "WARNING: error removing cvv: $error\n";
+    }
+  }
+
+  ###
+  # Tokenize
+  ###
+
+
+  if ( $transaction->can('card_token') && $transaction->card_token ) {
+
+    $self->card_token($transaction->card_token);
+
+    if ( $options{'payinfo'} eq $self->payinfo ) {
+      $self->payinfo($transaction->card_token);
+      my $error = $self->replace;
+      if ( $error ) {
+        warn "WARNING: error storing token: $error, but proceeding anyway\n";
+      }
+    }
+
+  }
+
+  ###
+  # result handling
+  ###
+
+  $self->_realtime_bop_result( $cust_pay_pending, $transaction, %options );
+
+}
+
+=item fake_bop
+
+=cut
+
+sub fake_bop {
+  my $self = shift;
+
+  my %options = ();
+  if (ref($_[0]) eq 'HASH') {
+    %options = %{$_[0]};
+  } else {
+    my ( $method, $amount ) = ( shift, shift );
+    %options = @_;
+    $options{method} = $method;
+    $options{amount} = $amount;
+  }
+  
+  if ( $options{'fake_failure'} ) {
+     return "Error: No error; test failure requested with fake_failure";
+  }
+
+  #my $paybatch = '';
+  #if ( $payment_gateway->gatewaynum ) { # agent override
+  #  $paybatch = $payment_gateway->gatewaynum. '-';
+  #}
+  #
+  #$paybatch .= "$processor:". $transaction->authorization;
+  #
+  #$paybatch .= ':'. $transaction->order_number
+  #  if $transaction->can('order_number')
+  #  && length($transaction->order_number);
+
+  my $paybatch = 'FakeProcessor:54:32';
+
+  my $cust_pay = new FS::cust_pay ( {
+     'custnum'  => $self->custnum,
+     'invnum'   => $options{'invnum'},
+     'paid'     => $options{amount},
+     '_date'    => '',
+     'payby'    => $bop_method2payby{$options{method}},
+     #'payinfo'  => $payinfo,
+     'payinfo'  => '4111111111111111',
+     'paybatch' => $paybatch,
+     #'paydate'  => $paydate,
+     'paydate'  => '2012-05-01',
+  } );
+  $cust_pay->payunique( $options{payunique} ) if length($options{payunique});
+
+  my $error = $cust_pay->insert($options{'manual'} ? ( 'manual' => 1 ) : () );
+
+  if ( $error ) {
+    $cust_pay->invnum(''); #try again with no specific invnum
+    my $error2 = $cust_pay->insert( $options{'manual'} ?
+                                    ( 'manual' => 1 ) : ()
+                                  );
+    if ( $error2 ) {
+      # gah, even with transactions.
+      my $e = 'WARNING: Card/ACH debited but database not updated - '.
+              "error inserting (fake!) payment: $error2".
+              " (previously tried insert with invnum #$options{'invnum'}" .
+              ": $error )";
+      warn $e;
+      return $e;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if ( $options{'paynum_ref'} ) {
+    ${ $options{'paynum_ref'} } = $cust_pay->paynum;
+  }
+
+  return ''; #no error
+
+}
+
+
+# item _realtime_bop_result CUST_PAY_PENDING, BOP_OBJECT [ OPTION => VALUE ... ]
+# 
+# Wraps up processing of a realtime credit card, ACH (electronic check) or
+# phone bill transaction.
+
+sub _realtime_bop_result {
+  my( $self, $cust_pay_pending, $transaction, %options ) = @_;
+  if ( $DEBUG ) {
+    warn "$me _realtime_bop_result: pending transaction ".
+      $cust_pay_pending->paypendingnum. "\n";
+    warn "  $_ => $options{$_}\n" foreach keys %options;
+  }
+
+  my $payment_gateway = $options{payment_gateway}
+    or return "no payment gateway in arguments to _realtime_bop_result";
+
+  $cust_pay_pending->status($transaction->is_success() ? 'captured' : 'declined');
+  my $cpp_captured_err = $cust_pay_pending->replace;
+  return $cpp_captured_err if $cpp_captured_err;
+
+  if ( $transaction->is_success() ) {
+
+    my $paybatch = '';
+    if ( $payment_gateway->gatewaynum ) { # agent override
+      $paybatch = $payment_gateway->gatewaynum. '-';
+    }
+
+    $paybatch .= $payment_gateway->gateway_module. ":".
+      $transaction->authorization;
+
+    $paybatch .= ':'. $transaction->order_number
+      if $transaction->can('order_number')
+      && length($transaction->order_number);
+
+    my $cust_pay = new FS::cust_pay ( {
+       'custnum'  => $self->custnum,
+       'invnum'   => $options{'invnum'},
+       'paid'     => $cust_pay_pending->paid,
+       '_date'    => '',
+       'payby'    => $cust_pay_pending->payby,
+       'payinfo'  => $options{'payinfo'},
+       'paybatch' => $paybatch,
+       'paydate'  => $cust_pay_pending->paydate,
+       'pkgnum'   => $cust_pay_pending->pkgnum,
+    } );
+    #doesn't hurt to know, even though the dup check is in cust_pay_pending now
+    $cust_pay->payunique( $options{payunique} )
+      if defined($options{payunique}) && length($options{payunique});
+
+    my $oldAutoCommit = $FS::UID::AutoCommit;
+    local $FS::UID::AutoCommit = 0;
+    my $dbh = dbh;
+
+    #start a transaction, insert the cust_pay and set cust_pay_pending.status to done in a single transction
+
+    my $error = $cust_pay->insert($options{'manual'} ? ( 'manual' => 1 ) : () );
+
+    if ( $error ) {
+      $cust_pay->invnum(''); #try again with no specific invnum
+      my $error2 = $cust_pay->insert( $options{'manual'} ?
+                                      ( 'manual' => 1 ) : ()
+                                    );
+      if ( $error2 ) {
+        # gah.  but at least we have a record of the state we had to abort in
+        # from cust_pay_pending now.
+        my $e = "WARNING: $options{method} captured but payment not recorded -".
+                " error inserting payment (". $payment_gateway->gateway_module.
+                "): $error2".
+                " (previously tried insert with invnum #$options{'invnum'}" .
+                ": $error ) - pending payment saved as paypendingnum ".
+                $cust_pay_pending->paypendingnum. "\n";
+        warn $e;
+        return $e;
+      }
+    }
+
+    my $jobnum = $cust_pay_pending->jobnum;
+    if ( $jobnum ) {
+       my $placeholder = qsearchs( 'queue', { 'jobnum' => $jobnum } );
+      
+       unless ( $placeholder ) {
+         $dbh->rollback or die $dbh->errstr if $oldAutoCommit;
+         my $e = "WARNING: $options{method} captured but job $jobnum not ".
+             "found for paypendingnum ". $cust_pay_pending->paypendingnum. "\n";
+         warn $e;
+         return $e;
+       }
+
+       $error = $placeholder->delete;
+
+       if ( $error ) {
+         $dbh->rollback or die $dbh->errstr if $oldAutoCommit;
+         my $e = "WARNING: $options{method} captured but could not delete ".
+              "job $jobnum for paypendingnum ".
+              $cust_pay_pending->paypendingnum. ": $error\n";
+         warn $e;
+         return $e;
+       }
+
+    }
+    
+    if ( $options{'paynum_ref'} ) {
+      ${ $options{'paynum_ref'} } = $cust_pay->paynum;
+    }
+
+    $cust_pay_pending->status('done');
+    $cust_pay_pending->statustext('captured');
+    $cust_pay_pending->paynum($cust_pay->paynum);
+    my $cpp_done_err = $cust_pay_pending->replace;
+
+    if ( $cpp_done_err ) {
+
+      $dbh->rollback or die $dbh->errstr if $oldAutoCommit;
+      my $e = "WARNING: $options{method} captured but payment not recorded - ".
+              "error updating status for paypendingnum ".
+              $cust_pay_pending->paypendingnum. ": $cpp_done_err \n";
+      warn $e;
+      return $e;
+
+    } else {
+
+      $dbh->commit or die $dbh->errstr if $oldAutoCommit;
+
+      if ( $options{'apply'} ) {
+        my $apply_error = $self->apply_payments_and_credits;
+        if ( $apply_error ) {
+          warn "WARNING: error applying payment: $apply_error\n";
+          #but we still should return no error cause the payment otherwise went
+          #through...
+        }
+      }
+
+      return ''; #no error
+
+    }
+
+  } else {
+
+    my $perror = $payment_gateway->gateway_module. " error: ".
+      $transaction->error_message;
+
+    my $jobnum = $cust_pay_pending->jobnum;
+    if ( $jobnum ) {
+       my $placeholder = qsearchs( 'queue', { 'jobnum' => $jobnum } );
+      
+       if ( $placeholder ) {
+         my $error = $placeholder->depended_delete;
+         $error ||= $placeholder->delete;
+         warn "error removing provisioning jobs after declined paypendingnum ".
+           $cust_pay_pending->paypendingnum. "\n";
+       } else {
+         my $e = "error finding job $jobnum for declined paypendingnum ".
+              $cust_pay_pending->paypendingnum. "\n";
+         warn $e;
+       }
+
+    }
+    
+    unless ( $transaction->error_message ) {
+
+      my $t_response;
+      if ( $transaction->can('response_page') ) {
+        $t_response = {
+                        'page'    => ( $transaction->can('response_page')
+                                         ? $transaction->response_page
+                                         : ''
+                                     ),
+                        'code'    => ( $transaction->can('response_code')
+                                         ? $transaction->response_code
+                                         : ''
+                                     ),
+                        'headers' => ( $transaction->can('response_headers')
+                                         ? $transaction->response_headers
+                                         : ''
+                                     ),
+                      };
+      } else {
+        $t_response .=
+          "No additional debugging information available for ".
+            $payment_gateway->gateway_module;
+      }
+
+      $perror .= "No error_message returned from ".
+                   $payment_gateway->gateway_module. " -- ".
+                 ( ref($t_response) ? Dumper($t_response) : $t_response );
+
+    }
+
+    if ( !$options{'quiet'} && !$FS::cust_main::realtime_bop_decline_quiet
+         && $conf->exists('emaildecline')
+         && grep { $_ ne 'POST' } $self->invoicing_list
+         && ! grep { $transaction->error_message =~ /$_/ }
+                   $conf->config('emaildecline-exclude')
+    ) {
+
+      # Send a decline alert to the customer.
+      my $msgnum = $conf->config('decline_msgnum', $self->agentnum);
+      my $error = '';
+      if ( $msgnum ) {
+        # include the raw error message in the transaction state
+        $cust_pay_pending->setfield('error', $transaction->error_message);
+        my $msg_template = qsearchs('msg_template', { msgnum => $msgnum });
+        $error = $msg_template->send( 'cust_main' => $self,
+                                      'object'    => $cust_pay_pending );
+      }
+      else { #!$msgnum
+
+        my @templ = $conf->config('declinetemplate');
+        my $template = new Text::Template (
+          TYPE   => 'ARRAY',
+          SOURCE => [ map "$_\n", @templ ],
+        ) or return "($perror) can't create template: $Text::Template::ERROR";
+        $template->compile()
+          or return "($perror) can't compile template: $Text::Template::ERROR";
+
+        my $templ_hash = {
+          'company_name'    =>
+            scalar( $conf->config('company_name', $self->agentnum ) ),
+          'company_address' =>
+            join("\n", $conf->config('company_address', $self->agentnum ) ),
+          'error'           => $transaction->error_message,
+        };
+
+        my $error = send_email(
+          'from'    => $conf->config('invoice_from', $self->agentnum ),
+          'to'      => [ grep { $_ ne 'POST' } $self->invoicing_list ],
+          'subject' => 'Your payment could not be processed',
+          'body'    => [ $template->fill_in(HASH => $templ_hash) ],
+        );
+      }
+
+      $perror .= " (also received error sending decline notification: $error)"
+        if $error;
+
+    }
+
+    $cust_pay_pending->status('done');
+    $cust_pay_pending->statustext("declined: $perror");
+    my $cpp_done_err = $cust_pay_pending->replace;
+    if ( $cpp_done_err ) {
+      my $e = "WARNING: $options{method} declined but pending payment not ".
+              "resolved - error updating status for paypendingnum ".
+              $cust_pay_pending->paypendingnum. ": $cpp_done_err \n";
+      warn $e;
+      $perror = "$e ($perror)";
+    }
+
+    return $perror;
+  }
+
+}
+
+=item realtime_botpp_capture CUST_PAY_PENDING [ OPTION => VALUE ... ]
+
+Verifies successful third party processing of a realtime credit card,
+ACH (electronic check) or phone bill transaction via a
+Business::OnlineThirdPartyPayment realtime gateway.  See
+L<http://420.am/business-onlinethirdpartypayment> for supported gateways.
+
+Available options are: I<description>, I<invnum>, I<quiet>, I<paynum_ref>, I<payunique>
+
+The additional options I<payname>, I<city>, I<state>,
+I<zip>, I<payinfo> and I<paydate> are also available.  Any of these options,
+if set, will override the value from the customer record.
+
+I<description> is a free-text field passed to the gateway.  It defaults to
+"Internet services".
+
+If an I<invnum> is specified, this payment (if successful) is applied to the
+specified invoice.  If you don't specify an I<invnum> you might want to
+call the B<apply_payments> method.
+
+I<quiet> can be set true to surpress email decline notices.
+
+I<paynum_ref> can be set to a scalar reference.  It will be filled in with the
+resulting paynum, if any.
+
+I<payunique> is a unique identifier for this payment.
+
+Returns a hashref containing elements bill_error (which will be undefined
+upon success) and session_id of any associated session.
+
+=cut
+
+sub realtime_botpp_capture {
+  my( $self, $cust_pay_pending, %options ) = @_;
+  if ( $DEBUG ) {
+    warn "$me realtime_botpp_capture: pending transaction $cust_pay_pending\n";
+    warn "  $_ => $options{$_}\n" foreach keys %options;
+  }
+
+  eval "use Business::OnlineThirdPartyPayment";  
+  die $@ if $@;
+
+  ###
+  # select the gateway
+  ###
+
+  my $method = FS::payby->payby2bop($cust_pay_pending->payby);
+
+  my $payment_gateway = $cust_pay_pending->gatewaynum
+    ? qsearchs( 'payment_gateway',
+                { gatewaynum => $cust_pay_pending->gatewaynum }
+              )
+    : $self->agent->payment_gateway( 'method' => $method,
+                                     # 'invnum'  => $cust_pay_pending->invnum,
+                                     # 'payinfo' => $cust_pay_pending->payinfo,
+                                   );
+
+  $options{payment_gateway} = $payment_gateway; # for the helper subs
+
+  ###
+  # massage data
+  ###
+
+  my @invoicing_list = $self->invoicing_list_emailonly;
+  if ( $conf->exists('emailinvoiceautoalways')
+       || $conf->exists('emailinvoiceauto') && ! @invoicing_list
+       || ( $conf->exists('emailinvoiceonly') && ! @invoicing_list ) ) {
+    push @invoicing_list, $self->all_emails;
+  }
+
+  my $email = ($conf->exists('business-onlinepayment-email-override'))
+              ? $conf->config('business-onlinepayment-email-override')
+              : $invoicing_list[0];
+
+  my %content = ();
+
+  $content{email_customer} = 
+    (    $conf->exists('business-onlinepayment-email_customer')
+      || $conf->exists('business-onlinepayment-email-override') );
+      
+  ###
+  # run transaction(s)
+  ###
+
+  my $transaction =
+    new Business::OnlineThirdPartyPayment( $payment_gateway->gateway_module,
+                                           $self->_bop_options(\%options),
+                                         );
+
+  $transaction->reference({ %options }); 
+
+  $transaction->content(
+    'type'           => $method,
+    $self->_bop_auth(\%options),
+    'action'         => 'Post Authorization',
+    'description'    => $options{'description'},
+    'amount'         => $cust_pay_pending->paid,
+    #'invoice_number' => $options{'invnum'},
+    'customer_id'    => $self->custnum,
+    'referer'        => 'http://cleanwhisker.420.am/',
+    'reference'      => $cust_pay_pending->paypendingnum,
+    'email'          => $email,
+    'phone'          => $self->daytime || $self->night,
+    %content, #after
+    # plus whatever is required for bogus capture avoidance
+  );
+
+  $transaction->submit();
+
+  my $error =
+    $self->_realtime_bop_result( $cust_pay_pending, $transaction, %options );
+
+  {
+    bill_error => $error,
+    session_id => $cust_pay_pending->session_id,
+  }
+
+}
+
+=item default_payment_gateway
+
+DEPRECATED -- use agent->payment_gateway
+
+=cut
+
+sub default_payment_gateway {
+  my( $self, $method ) = @_;
+
+  die "Real-time processing not enabled\n"
+    unless $conf->exists('business-onlinepayment');
+
+  #warn "default_payment_gateway deprecated -- use agent->payment_gateway\n";
+
+  #load up config
+  my $bop_config = 'business-onlinepayment';
+  $bop_config .= '-ach'
+    if $method =~ /^(ECHECK|CHEK)$/ && $conf->exists($bop_config. '-ach');
+  my ( $processor, $login, $password, $action, @bop_options ) =
+    $conf->config($bop_config);
+  $action ||= 'normal authorization';
+  pop @bop_options if scalar(@bop_options) % 2 && $bop_options[-1] =~ /^\s*$/;
+  die "No real-time processor is enabled - ".
+      "did you set the business-onlinepayment configuration value?\n"
+    unless $processor;
+
+  ( $processor, $login, $password, $action, @bop_options )
+}
+
+=item realtime_refund_bop METHOD [ OPTION => VALUE ... ]
+
+Refunds a realtime credit card, ACH (electronic check) or phone bill transaction
+via a Business::OnlinePayment realtime gateway.  See
+L<http://420.am/business-onlinepayment> for supported gateways.
+
+Available methods are: I<CC>, I<ECHECK> and I<LEC>
+
+Available options are: I<amount>, I<reason>, I<paynum>, I<paydate>
+
+Most gateways require a reference to an original payment transaction to refund,
+so you probably need to specify a I<paynum>.
+
+I<amount> defaults to the original amount of the payment if not specified.
+
+I<reason> specifies a reason for the refund.
+
+I<paydate> specifies the expiration date for a credit card overriding the
+value from the customer record or the payment record. Specified as yyyy-mm-dd
+
+Implementation note: If I<amount> is unspecified or equal to the amount of the
+orignal payment, first an attempt is made to "void" the transaction via
+the gateway (to cancel a not-yet settled transaction) and then if that fails,
+the normal attempt is made to "refund" ("credit") the transaction via the
+gateway is attempted.
+
+#The additional options I<payname>, I<address1>, I<address2>, I<city>, I<state>,
+#I<zip>, I<payinfo> and I<paydate> are also available.  Any of these options,
+#if set, will override the value from the customer record.
+
+#If an I<invnum> is specified, this payment (if successful) is applied to the
+#specified invoice.  If you don't specify an I<invnum> you might want to
+#call the B<apply_payments> method.
+
+=cut
+
+#some false laziness w/realtime_bop, not enough to make it worth merging
+#but some useful small subs should be pulled out
+sub realtime_refund_bop {
+  my $self = shift;
+
+  my %options = ();
+  if (ref($_[0]) eq 'HASH') {
+    %options = %{$_[0]};
+  } else {
+    my $method = shift;
+    %options = @_;
+    $options{method} = $method;
+  }
+
+  if ( $DEBUG ) {
+    warn "$me realtime_refund_bop (new): $options{method} refund\n";
+    warn "  $_ => $options{$_}\n" foreach keys %options;
+  }
+
+  ###
+  # look up the original payment and optionally a gateway for that payment
+  ###
+
+  my $cust_pay = '';
+  my $amount = $options{'amount'};
+
+  my( $processor, $login, $password, @bop_options, $namespace ) ;
+  my( $auth, $order_number ) = ( '', '', '' );
+
+  if ( $options{'paynum'} ) {
+
+    warn "  paynum: $options{paynum}\n" if $DEBUG > 1;
+    $cust_pay = qsearchs('cust_pay', { paynum=>$options{'paynum'} } )
+      or return "Unknown paynum $options{'paynum'}";
+    $amount ||= $cust_pay->paid;
+
+    $cust_pay->paybatch =~ /^((\d+)\-)?(\w+):\s*([\w\-\/ ]*)(:([\w\-]+))?$/
+      or return "Can't parse paybatch for paynum $options{'paynum'}: ".
+                $cust_pay->paybatch;
+    my $gatewaynum = '';
+    ( $gatewaynum, $processor, $auth, $order_number ) = ( $2, $3, $4, $6 );
+
+    if ( $gatewaynum ) { #gateway for the payment to be refunded
+
+      my $payment_gateway =
+        qsearchs('payment_gateway', { 'gatewaynum' => $gatewaynum } );
+      die "payment gateway $gatewaynum not found"
+        unless $payment_gateway;
+
+      $processor   = $payment_gateway->gateway_module;
+      $login       = $payment_gateway->gateway_username;
+      $password    = $payment_gateway->gateway_password;
+      $namespace   = $payment_gateway->gateway_namespace;
+      @bop_options = $payment_gateway->options;
+
+    } else { #try the default gateway
+
+      my $conf_processor;
+      my $payment_gateway =
+        $self->agent->payment_gateway('method' => $options{method});
+
+      ( $conf_processor, $login, $password, $namespace ) =
+        map { my $method = "gateway_$_"; $payment_gateway->$method }
+          qw( module username password namespace );
+
+      @bop_options = $payment_gateway->gatewaynum
+                       ? $payment_gateway->options
+                       : @{ $payment_gateway->get('options') };
+
+      return "processor of payment $options{'paynum'} $processor does not".
+             " match default processor $conf_processor"
+        unless $processor eq $conf_processor;
+
+    }
+
+
+  } else { # didn't specify a paynum, so look for agent gateway overrides
+           # like a normal transaction 
+ 
+    my $payment_gateway =
+      $self->agent->payment_gateway( 'method'  => $options{method},
+                                     #'payinfo' => $payinfo,
+                                   );
+    my( $processor, $login, $password, $namespace ) =
+      map { my $method = "gateway_$_"; $payment_gateway->$method }
+        qw( module username password namespace );
+
+    my @bop_options = $payment_gateway->gatewaynum
+                        ? $payment_gateway->options
+                        : @{ $payment_gateway->get('options') };
+
+  }
+  return "neither amount nor paynum specified" unless $amount;
+
+  eval "use $namespace";  
+  die $@ if $@;
+
+  my %content = (
+    'type'           => $options{method},
+    'login'          => $login,
+    'password'       => $password,
+    'order_number'   => $order_number,
+    'amount'         => $amount,
+    'referer'        => 'http://cleanwhisker.420.am/', #XXX fix referer :/
+  );
+  $content{authorization} = $auth
+    if length($auth); #echeck/ACH transactions have an order # but no auth
+                      #(at least with authorize.net)
+
+  my $disable_void_after;
+  if ($conf->exists('disable_void_after')
+      && $conf->config('disable_void_after') =~ /^(\d+)$/) {
+    $disable_void_after = $1;
+  }
+
+  #first try void if applicable
+  if ( $cust_pay && $cust_pay->paid == $amount
+    && (
+      ( not defined($disable_void_after) )
+      || ( time < ($cust_pay->_date + $disable_void_after ) )
+    )
+  ) {
+    warn "  attempting void\n" if $DEBUG > 1;
+    my $void = new Business::OnlinePayment( $processor, @bop_options );
+    if ( $void->can('info') ) {
+      if ( $cust_pay->payby eq 'CARD'
+           && $void->info('CC_void_requires_card') )
+      {
+        $content{'card_number'} = $cust_pay->payinfo;
+      } elsif ( $cust_pay->payby eq 'CHEK'
+                && $void->info('ECHECK_void_requires_account') )
+      {
+        ( $content{'account_number'}, $content{'routing_code'} ) =
+          split('@', $cust_pay->payinfo);
+        $content{'name'} = $self->get('first'). ' '. $self->get('last');
+      }
+    }
+    $void->content( 'action' => 'void', %content );
+    $void->test_transaction(1)
+      if $conf->exists('business-onlinepayment-test_transaction');
+    $void->submit();
+    if ( $void->is_success ) {
+      my $error = $cust_pay->void($options{'reason'});
+      if ( $error ) {
+        # gah, even with transactions.
+        my $e = 'WARNING: Card/ACH voided but database not updated - '.
+                "error voiding payment: $error";
+        warn $e;
+        return $e;
+      }
+      warn "  void successful\n" if $DEBUG > 1;
+      return '';
+    }
+  }
+
+  warn "  void unsuccessful, trying refund\n"
+    if $DEBUG > 1;
+
+  #massage data
+  my $address = $self->address1;
+  $address .= ", ". $self->address2 if $self->address2;
+
+  my($payname, $payfirst, $paylast);
+  if ( $self->payname && $options{method} ne 'ECHECK' ) {
+    $payname = $self->payname;
+    $payname =~ /^\s*([\w \,\.\-\']*)?\s+([\w\,\.\-\']+)\s*$/
+      or return "Illegal payname $payname";
+    ($payfirst, $paylast) = ($1, $2);
+  } else {
+    $payfirst = $self->getfield('first');
+    $paylast = $self->getfield('last');
+    $payname =  "$payfirst $paylast";
+  }
+
+  my @invoicing_list = $self->invoicing_list_emailonly;
+  if ( $conf->exists('emailinvoiceautoalways')
+       || $conf->exists('emailinvoiceauto') && ! @invoicing_list
+       || ( $conf->exists('emailinvoiceonly') && ! @invoicing_list ) ) {
+    push @invoicing_list, $self->all_emails;
+  }
+
+  my $email = ($conf->exists('business-onlinepayment-email-override'))
+              ? $conf->config('business-onlinepayment-email-override')
+              : $invoicing_list[0];
+
+  my $payip = exists($options{'payip'})
+                ? $options{'payip'}
+                : $self->payip;
+  $content{customer_ip} = $payip
+    if length($payip);
+
+  my $payinfo = '';
+  if ( $options{method} eq 'CC' ) {
+
+    if ( $cust_pay ) {
+      $content{card_number} = $payinfo = $cust_pay->payinfo;
+      (exists($options{'paydate'}) ? $options{'paydate'} : $cust_pay->paydate)
+        =~ /^\d{2}(\d{2})[\/\-](\d+)[\/\-]\d+$/ &&
+        ($content{expiration} = "$2/$1");  # where available
+    } else {
+      $content{card_number} = $payinfo = $self->payinfo;
+      (exists($options{'paydate'}) ? $options{'paydate'} : $self->paydate)
+        =~ /^\d{2}(\d{2})[\/\-](\d+)[\/\-]\d+$/;
+      $content{expiration} = "$2/$1";
+    }
+
+  } elsif ( $options{method} eq 'ECHECK' ) {
+
+    if ( $cust_pay ) {
+      $payinfo = $cust_pay->payinfo;
+    } else {
+      $payinfo = $self->payinfo;
+    } 
+    ( $content{account_number}, $content{routing_code} )= split('@', $payinfo );
+    $content{bank_name} = $self->payname;
+    $content{account_type} = 'CHECKING';
+    $content{account_name} = $payname;
+    $content{customer_org} = $self->company ? 'B' : 'I';
+    $content{customer_ssn} = $self->ss;
+  } elsif ( $options{method} eq 'LEC' ) {
+    $content{phone} = $payinfo = $self->payinfo;
+  }
+
+  #then try refund
+  my $refund = new Business::OnlinePayment( $processor, @bop_options );
+  my %sub_content = $refund->content(
+    'action'         => 'credit',
+    'customer_id'    => $self->custnum,
+    'last_name'      => $paylast,
+    'first_name'     => $payfirst,
+    'name'           => $payname,
+    'address'        => $address,
+    'city'           => $self->city,
+    'state'          => $self->state,
+    'zip'            => $self->zip,
+    'country'        => $self->country,
+    'email'          => $email,
+    'phone'          => $self->daytime || $self->night,
+    %content, #after
+  );
+  warn join('', map { "  $_ => $sub_content{$_}\n" } keys %sub_content )
+    if $DEBUG > 1;
+  $refund->test_transaction(1)
+    if $conf->exists('business-onlinepayment-test_transaction');
+  $refund->submit();
+
+  return "$processor error: ". $refund->error_message
+    unless $refund->is_success();
+
+  my $paybatch = "$processor:". $refund->authorization;
+  $paybatch .= ':'. $refund->order_number
+    if $refund->can('order_number') && $refund->order_number;
+
+  while ( $cust_pay && $cust_pay->unapplied < $amount ) {
+    my @cust_bill_pay = $cust_pay->cust_bill_pay;
+    last unless @cust_bill_pay;
+    my $cust_bill_pay = pop @cust_bill_pay;
+    my $error = $cust_bill_pay->delete;
+    last if $error;
+  }
+
+  my $cust_refund = new FS::cust_refund ( {
+    'custnum'  => $self->custnum,
+    'paynum'   => $options{'paynum'},
+    'refund'   => $amount,
+    '_date'    => '',
+    'payby'    => $bop_method2payby{$options{method}},
+    'payinfo'  => $payinfo,
+    'paybatch' => $paybatch,
+    'reason'   => $options{'reason'} || 'card or ACH refund',
+  } );
+  my $error = $cust_refund->insert;
+  if ( $error ) {
+    $cust_refund->paynum(''); #try again with no specific paynum
+    my $error2 = $cust_refund->insert;
+    if ( $error2 ) {
+      # gah, even with transactions.
+      my $e = 'WARNING: Card/ACH refunded but database not updated - '.
+              "error inserting refund ($processor): $error2".
+              " (previously tried insert with paynum #$options{'paynum'}" .
+              ": $error )";
+      warn $e;
+      return $e;
+    }
+  }
+
+  ''; #no error
+
+}
+
+=back
+
+=head1 BUGS
+
+Not autoloaded.
+
+=head1 SEE ALSO
+
+L<FS::cust_main>, L<FS::cust_main::Billing>
+
+=cut
+
+1;
diff --git a/FS/FS/part_pkg.pm b/FS/FS/part_pkg.pm
index 21ab97568..c08188bcd 100644
--- a/FS/FS/part_pkg.pm
+++ b/FS/FS/part_pkg.pm
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ use FS::type_pkgs;
 use FS::part_pkg_option;
 use FS::pkg_class;
 use FS::agent;
+use FS::part_pkg_taxrate;
 use FS::part_pkg_taxoverride;
 use FS::part_pkg_taxproduct;
 use FS::part_pkg_link;
diff --git a/FS/MANIFEST b/FS/MANIFEST
index db3f5cfe6..64c7a0696 100644
--- a/FS/MANIFEST
+++ b/FS/MANIFEST
@@ -68,6 +68,8 @@ FS/cust_bill_pkg_detail.pm
 FS/cust_credit.pm
 FS/cust_credit_bill.pm
 FS/cust_main.pm
+FS/cust_main/Billing.pm
+FS/cust_main/Billing_Realtime.pm
 FS/cust_main/Import.pm
 FS/cust_main_Mixin.pm
 FS/cust_main_county.pm